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Table 23 <br />Construction Equipment Vibration Source Levels <br />Equipment <br />Peak Particle Velocity in inches per second <br />at 25 feet <br />at 50 feet <br />at 100 feet <br />Clam Shovel Drop (slurry <br />wall <br />0.202 <br />0.071 <br />0.025 <br />Vibratory Roller <br />0.210 <br />0.074 <br />0.026 <br />Hoe Ram <br />0.089 <br />0.031 <br />0.011 <br />Large Bulldozer <br />0.089 <br />0.031 <br />0.011 <br />Caisson Drilling <br />0.089 <br />0.031 <br />0.011 <br />Loaded Trucks <br />0.076 <br />0.027 <br />0.010 <br />Jackhammer <br />0.035 <br />0.012 <br />0.004 <br />Small Bulldozer <br />0.003 <br />0.001 <br />0.0004 <br />(1) Source: Federal Transit Administration: Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment, 2006. <br />(2) Bold values are considered annoying to people. <br />Annoyance to Persons <br />The primary effect of perceptible vibration is often a concern. However, secondary effects, such as the <br />rattling of a china cabinet, can also occur, even when vibration levels are well below perception. Any <br />effect (primary perceptible vibration, secondary effects, or a combination of the two) can lead to <br />vibration annoyance. The degree that a person is annoyed depends on the activity they are <br />participating at the time of the disturbance. For example, someone sleeping or reading would be more <br />sensitive than someone who is running on a treadmill. Reoccurring primary and secondary vibration <br />effects often lead people to believe that the vibration is damaging their home, although vibration levels <br />are well below minimum thresholds for damage potential. <br />As shown in Table 24, vibration is annoying at a peak particle velocity (PPV) of 0.20. The closest <br />structure adjacent to the project is approximately ten feet from the eastern property line. At ten feet, the <br />use of a vibratory roller would generate a PPV of 0.575 and a large bulldozer would generate a PPV of <br />0.244. Annoyance would be short-term and occur only during site grading and preparation when <br />vibration generation equipment is in operation and during City allowed hours of construction. <br />Table 24 <br />Typical Human Reaction and Effect on Buildings Due to Groundborne Vibration <br />Vibration Level <br />Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) <br />Human Reaction <br />Effect on Buildings <br />0.006-0.019 in/sec <br />Threshold of perception, <br />Vibrations unlikely to cause damage <br />possibility of intrusion <br />of any type <br />Recommended upper level of <br />0.08 in/sec <br />Vibrations readily perceptible <br />vibration to which ruins and ancient <br />monuments should be subjected <br />Legacy Sunflower Apartments Page 86 <br />Mitigated Negative Declaration — March 14, 2019 <br />