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2025 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN <br /> MAY 2026/FINAL DRAFT/CAROLLO <br /> disinfectant treatment for system distribution. In response to regulatory requirements and regional <br /> groundwater conditions,the City, in collaboration with Orange County Water District (OCWD) has <br /> implemented treatment for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) treatment systems. <br /> The City maintains seven imported water connections to receive water through MET's Orange County and <br /> East Orange County Feeder pipelines. These seven metered connections have a total capacity of <br /> 60,580 gallons per minute (gpm) that can deliver water into the City's distribution system. <br /> 3.2.2.1 System Pressures <br /> Reducing distribution system pressures will, to a certain degree, conserve water, and pumping energy. The <br /> City continually reviews the water system in its pressure zones to determine the feasibility of reducing <br /> system pressures by lowering settings on distribution system pressure regulators.The reviews have <br /> indicated that potential fire protection requirement deficiencies occur when pressures are reduced. <br /> Therefore, the City maintains safe yet efficient system pressures. <br /> 3.2.2.2 Peak Demand <br /> Water system demand patterns are a result of climatological, land use, behavioral, and institutional <br /> factors, all of which affect the amount of water consumed. Lowering peak demands can reduce the need <br /> for construction of new water storage and conveyance facilities and, in certain instances, the development <br /> of new water sources.The City's computerized telemetry system allows water system operators to operate <br /> the system more efficiently through the ability to stage and prioritize water production facilities usage to <br /> meet these ever-changing demand patterns. <br /> 3.3 Climate <br /> The City's service area is located within the South Coast Air Basin (SCAB) that encompasses all of Orange <br /> County, and the urban areas of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and Riverside counties.The climate in the <br /> SCAB area is characterized by southern California's "Mediterranean" climate: a semi-arid environment with <br /> mild winters, warm summers, and moderate rainfall. <br /> Local rainfall has limited impacts on reducing water demand in the City, except for the case of landscape <br /> irrigation demand. For example, in August 2023, Orange County as a region experienced the lowest <br /> seasonal water demand since 1990 due to significant summer precipitation events from Tropical Storm <br /> Hilary. The increase in precipitation allowed many landscape irrigation systems to be turned off. However, <br /> other municipal and industrial uses (e.g. consumption, processing, and washing) remained the same. <br /> Water that infiltrates into the soil may enter groundwater supplies depending on the local geography. <br /> However, due to the large extent of impervious cover in Southern California, rainfall runoff quickly flows <br /> to a system of concrete storm drains and channels that lead directly to the ocean. OCWD has successfully <br /> captured stormwater along the Santa Ana River and in recharge basins for years and used it as an <br /> additional source of supply for groundwater recharge. Based on the 2022 Basin 8-1 Alternative Plan <br /> Update, OCWD captured an average annual stormwater volume of approximately 54,000 acre-feet (AF) <br /> over the period of five years, from Water Year 2016-17 to 2020-21. <br /> MET's water supplies come from the SWP and the CRA and are influenced by climate conditions in <br /> northern California and the Colorado River Basin, respectively. Both regions have variable hydrologic <br /> CITY OF SANTA ANA <br />