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Use: Consider the historic use of
<br />the property when selecting the
<br />boundary. The eligible resource
<br />may include open spaces, natural
<br />land forms, designed landscapes,
<br />or natural resources that were
<br />integral to the property's historic
<br />use. Modern use may be different,
<br />and some modern uses alter the
<br />setting or affect built resources.
<br />The effect of such uses must be
<br />assessed in identifying resources
<br />that retain integrity. For example,
<br />a Hopewell mound archeological
<br />site now used as a golf course may
<br />retain integrity where the form of
<br />the prehistoric earthworks has been
<br />preserved, but construction of sand
<br />traps or other landscaping that
<br />altered landforms would compro-
<br />mise integrity. A marsh that
<br />provides plant materials for
<br />traditional basketmakers may
<br />retain integrity where it remains in
<br />its natural wetland condition, but
<br />may have lost integrity where it
<br />has been drained and cultivated.
<br />Research Potential: For properties
<br />eligible under Criterion D, define
<br />boundaries that include all of the
<br />resources with integrity that have
<br />the potential to yield important
<br />information about the past. Such
<br />information is defined in terms of
<br />research questions to which the
<br />information pertains, and the
<br />property should include the com-
<br />ponents, features, buildings, or
<br />structures that include the informa-
<br />tion. For example, an eligible
<br />prehistoric longhouse site should
<br />include longhouse features as well
<br />as associated pit features, middens,
<br />and hearths. Geographically
<br />separate but historically associated
<br />activity areas may also be included
<br />in the property even when they are
<br />not adjacent to the main concentra-
<br />tion of eligible resources. For
<br />example, lithic procurement and
<br />processing loci that were histori-
<br />cally associated with a village site
<br />but geographically separated from
<br />it may be included in a discon-
<br />tiguous district. Remember that
<br />many properties eligible under
<br />other criteria include contributing
<br />archeological resources that may
<br />yield important information about
<br />the property. Consider the extent
<br />of associated archeological re-
<br />sources when selecting boundaries.
<br />SELECTING
<br />BOUNDARIES
<br />Identify appropriate natural or
<br />cultural features that bound the
<br />eligible resource. Consider historical
<br />and cartographic documentation and
<br />subsurface testing results (for archeo-
<br />logical resources) in addition to
<br />existing conditions. Some boundaries
<br />can be directly observed by examin-
<br />ing the property; others must be
<br />identified on the basis of research.
<br />Take into account the modern legal
<br />boundaries, historic boundaries
<br />(identified in tax maps, deeds, or
<br />plats), natural features, cultural
<br />features, and the distribution of
<br />resources as determined by survey
<br />and testing for subsurface resources,
<br />Owner objections may affect the
<br />listing of the entire property, but not
<br />the identification of the boundaries. If
<br />the sole private owner of a property
<br />or the majority of the private owners
<br />(for properties with multiple owners)
<br />objects to listing, the property (with
<br />boundaries based on an objective
<br />assessment of the full extent of the
<br />significant resources) may be deter-
<br />mined eligible for the National
<br />Register but not listed.
<br />Boundaries should include sur-
<br />rounding land that contributes to the
<br />significance of the resources by
<br />functioning as the setting. This
<br />setting is an integral part of the
<br />eligible property and should be
<br />identified when boundaries are
<br />selected. For example, do not limit
<br />the property to the footprint of the
<br />building, but include its yard or
<br />grounds; consider the extent of all
<br />positive subsurface test units as well
<br />as the landform that includes the
<br />archeological site; and include the
<br />portion of the reef on which the vessel
<br />foundered as well as the shipwreck
<br />itself.
<br />• Distribution of Resources: Use the
<br />extent of above-ground resources
<br />and surrounding setting to define
<br />the boundaries of the property. For
<br />archeological resources, consider
<br />the extent of above - ground re-
<br />sources as well as the distribution
<br />of subsurface remains identified
<br />through testing when defining the
<br />boundaries of the property.
<br />• Current Legal Boundaries: Use the
<br />legal boundaries of a property as
<br />recorded in the current tax map or
<br />plat accompanying the deed when
<br />these boundaries encompass the
<br />eligible resource and are consistent
<br />with its historical significance and
<br />remaining integrity.
<br />• Historic Boundaries: Use the
<br />boundaries shown on historic plats
<br />or land- ownership maps (such as
<br />fire insurance or real estate maps)
<br />when the limits of the eligible
<br />resource do not correspond with
<br />current legal parcels.
<br />• Natural Features: Use a natural
<br />feature, such as a shoreline, terrace
<br />edge, treeline, or erosional scar,
<br />which corresponds with the limit of
<br />the eligible resource.
<br />• Cultural Features: Use a cultural
<br />feature, such a stone wall,
<br />hedgerow, roadway, or curb line,
<br />that is associated with the signifi-
<br />cance of the property, or use an
<br />area of modern development or
<br />disturbance that represents the
<br />limit of the eligible resource.
<br />Selecting boundaries for some
<br />properties may be more complicated,
<br />however. Consider and use as many
<br />features or sources as necessary to
<br />define the limits of the eligible re-
<br />source. In many cases, a combination
<br />of features may be most appropriate.
<br />For example, the National Register
<br />boundaries of a property could be
<br />defined by a road on the south, a
<br />fence line on the west, the limits of
<br />subsurface resources on the north,
<br />and an area of development distur-
<br />bance on the east. Consider map
<br />features or reasonable limits when
<br />obvious boundaries are not appropri-
<br />ate.
<br />• Cartographic Features: Use large -
<br />scale topographic features, contour
<br />lines, or section lines on United
<br />States Geographical Survey maps
<br />to define the boundaries of large
<br />sites or districts.
<br />• Reasonable Limits: Use reasonable
<br />limits in areas undefined by natural
<br />or cultural features. For example,
<br />define the boundary of a property
<br />as 15 feet or 5 meters from the edge
<br />of the known resources, or define a
<br />straight line connecting two other
<br />boundary features. If a surveyed
<br />topographic map is available, select
<br />a contour line that encompasses
<br />the eligible resources. Reasonable
<br />limits may also be appropriate for
<br />a rural property when there is no
<br />obvious house lot or natural or
<br />cultural feature to use. Be sure that
<br />an appropriate setting is included
<br />
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