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the Natural History Foundation of Orange County, No field survey was <br />conducted during this study. <br />ARCHAEOLOW : <br />ChAono ,Eogy; The Native American group living in the project <br />area came to be known as Gabrielino. However, this name was bestowed by <br />the Spanish and is derived from association with Mission San Gabriel. The <br />name the native population used to identify them5elves is not known (Kroeber <br />1925), <br />The date of the earliest human occupation of the general project area <br />is disputed, but most scholars would agree that a human presence was es- <br />tablished along the southern California coast dy 75CD B.C. <br />The artifactual record left by these early people indicates that they <br />subsisted primarlily by hunting. The tools they left are oeneralTy quite <br />large and the bulk of them are chipped lithic tools, such as projectile <br />points and scrapers, or the remains of chipped tool manufacture, such as <br />cores and hammerstones. Many of the projectile points are finely made, <br />while most of the other tools are crude. This era is locally known as <br />the Early Man Period. <br />The millennium centered around 5500 B.C. reveals a major shift in the <br />artifactual record. The large, finely made projectile points of the earlier <br />period give way to smaller aid more crudely made points. Grinding tools <br />for the processing of hard seeds became the predominant artifact types. <br />These grinding implements are known as manos, the smaller hand held stone, <br />and metates, the larger tools which often display deep basins. <br />The appearance of the manos and metates is generally interpreted as <br />a major shift in subsistence strategy, with a decreased dependence on hunt- <br />ing and an increased dependence on the gathering of wild seeds. However, <br />this shift may not be as pronounced as originally thought. Recent work <br />indicates that hunting continued to be relatively important (Drover, <br />Koerper and Langenwalter T983). This second phase of local archaeology <br />is known as the Milling Stone Period. <br />The Milling Stone Period persisted locally until about 1000 B.C., <br />when a new tool combination, the mortar and pestle was introduced, ushering <br />in the Intermediate Cultures Period. <br />75C -737 <br />