HomeMy WebLinkAbout75C - PH - RPT ON WATER QUALITY RELATIVE TO PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS REQUEST FOR T~,~~
COUNCIL ACTION :T_
CITY COUNCIL MEETING DATE: CLERK OF COUNCIL USE ONLY:
JULY 6, 2010
TITLE: APPROVED
? As Recommended
PUBLIC HEARING: REPORT ON WATER ? As Amended
QUALITY RELATIVE TO PUBLIC HEALTH ? Ordinance on 15~ Reading
? Ordinance on 2"d Reading
GOALS ? Implementing Resolution
? Set Public Hearing For
CONTINUED TO
~~G - FILE NUMBER
CITY MANAGER
RECOMMENDED ACTION
Accept the report on Water Quality Relative to Public Health Goals.
DISCUSSION
The California Environmental Protection Agency Office of Environmental Health Hazard
Assessment establishes Public Health Goals (PHGs) for drinking water contaminants. The PHGs
are guidelines and are not requirements for any public water system. PHGs are frequently much
lower than the Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) established by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Under provisions of the California Health and Safety
Code, the City is required to prepare a special report identifying water quality measurements that
have exceeded PHGs (Exhibit 1).
For the years 2007, 2008, and 2009, the report shows that Santa Ana's drinking water continues to
meet all State of California, Department of Health Services, and USEPA drinking water standards
set to protect public health. However, the City's drinking water content of naturally occurring
uranium, arsenic, and copper levels exceeded the recommended PHG levels. The report states
that for naturally occurring uranium and arsenic, additional treatment would be very expensive,
marginally effective, and would not result in significant reduction of the contaminants. Therefore,
no action is proposed.
The report also states that optimized corrosion control is the best available technology to reduce
the copper levels. The California Department of Public Health has determined that the City has
optimized corrosion control with our treatment and monitoring procedures. The implementation of
new treatment technologies therefore is not recommended.
State law specifies that a public hearing for the purpose of accepting and responding to public
comments on the report be held. Tonight's public hearing will meet this legal requirement.
75C-1
Public Hearing -Water Quality Relative to Public Health Goals
July 6, 2010
Page 2
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
In accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act, the recommended action is not
considered a CEQA project. Therefore, no environmental documentation is required.
FISCAL IMPACT
There is no fiscal impact associated with this action.
Raul Godinez II
Executive Director
Public Works Agency
Exhibits: 1. Water Quality Report
2. State Law Requirements
3. Listing of Regulated Water Constituents 2009
4-6. Water Quality Data 2007, 2008, 2009
75C-2
CITY OF SANTA ANA
REPORT ON WATER QUALITY RELATIVE TO PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS
Background:
Provisions of the California Health and Safety Code (Reference No. 1) specify that larger
(>10,000 service connections) water utilities prepare a special report by July 1, 2010, if their
water quality measurements have exceeded any Public Health Goals (PHGs). PHGs are non-
enforceable goals established by the Cal-EPA's Office of Environmental Health Hazard
Assessment (OEHHA). The law also requires that where OEHHA has not adopted a PHG for a
constituent, the water supplier is to use Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCLGs) adopted
by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Only constituents which have
a California primary drinking water standard and for which either a PHG or MCLG has been set
are to be addressed. (Reference No. 2 is a list of all regulated constituents with the MCLs and
PHGs or MCLGs).
There are a few constituents that are routinely detected in water systems at levels usually
well below the drinking water standards for which no PHG nor has MCLG yet been adopted by
OEHHA of USEPA including Total Trihalomethanes. These will be addressed in a future
required report after a PHG has been adopted.
The law specifies what information is to be provided in the report. (See Reference No. 1)
If a constituent was detected in the City's water supply between 2007 and 2009 at a level
exceeding an applicable PHG or MCLG, this report provides the information required by law.
Included is the numerical public health risk associated with the MCL and the PHG or MCLG, the
category or type of risk to health that could be associated with each constituent, the best
treatment technology available that could be used to reduce the constituent level, and an estimate
of the cost to install treatment if appropriate and feasible.
What Are PHGs?
PHGs are set by the California Office of Environmental Hazard Assessment (OEHHA),
which is part of Cal-EPA and are based solely on public health risk considerations. None of the
practical risk-management factors that are considered by the USEPA or the California
Department of Public Health (CDPH) in setting drinking water standards (MCLs) are considered
in setting the PHGs. These factors include analytical detection capability, treatment technology
available, benefits and costs. The PHGs are not enforceable and are not required to be met by
any public water system. MCLGs are the federal equivalent to PHGs.
Water Quality Data Considered:
All of the water quality data collected by our water system between 2007 and 2009 for
the purpose of determining compliance with drinking water standards was considered. This data
was all summarized in our 2007 2008, and 2009 Annual Water Quality Reports, which were
mailed to all of our customers. (Reference Exhibits 4-6)
EXHIBIT 1
~~~~4
Guidelines Followed:
The Association of California Water Agencies (ACWA) formed a work group, which
prepared guidelines for water utilities to use in preparing these required reports. The ACWA
guidelines were used in the preparation of this report.
Best Available Technology and Cost Estimates:
Both the USEPA and CDPH adopt what are known as BATs or Best Available
Technology, which are the best known methods of reducing contaminant levels to the MCL.
Costs can be estimated for such technologies. However, since many PHGs and all MCLGs are
set lower than the MCL, it is not always possible nor feasible to determine what treatment is
needed to further reduce a constituent downward to or near the PHG or MCLG, many of which
are set at zero. Estimating the costs to reduce a constituent to zero is difficult, if not impossible
because it is not possible to verify by analytical means that the level has been lowered to zero. In
some cases, installing treatment to try and further reduce very low levels of one constituent may
have adverse effects on other aspects of water quality.
Constituents Detected That Exceed a PHG or a MCLG:
The following is a discussion of constituents that were detected in one or more of our
drinking water sources at levels above PHG.
Naturally Occurring Uranium
The PHG for Natural Uranium is 0.43 pCi/L. The MCL or drinking water standard for
Natural Uranium is 20 pCi/L. We have detected Natural Uranium in 18 of our 21 wells at levels
1.16 to 9.49 pCi/L. The levels detected were below the MCL. The category of health risk
associated with Natural Uranium, and the reason that a drinking water standard was adopted for
it, is that people who drink water containing Natural Uranium above the MCL throughout their
lifetime could experience an increased risk of cancer. The 20 pCi/L MCL established by the
CDPH if complied with should have no adverse health effect. The numerical risk for cancer for
water containing Uranium at the PHG level of 0.43 pCi/L is one case in 1,000,000. The large
water system BAT for Natural Uranium to lower the levels below the PHG is Ion Exchange.
Total water production for all affected wells is 41,505 gallons per minute. Based on the USEPA
studies, the initial cost to treat one thousand gallons of water at 80 percent removal efficiency for
large water systems ranges from $0.53 to $0.68. The on going cost for the treatment ranges from
$0.53 to $0.68 per thousand gallons of water treated. For the City of Santa Ana, the estimated
cost to install such treatment systems (Ion Exchange) ranges between $6.78 and $21.6 Million.
The cost to operate the treatment facilities will range from $6.78 to $8.3 million per year. The
cost to build the treatment facilities would result in an assumed increased cost for each customer
of $19.48 to $60.41 in the first year and from $19.45 to $23.87 per customer annually.
pEX~HI~BiT~1
I Fi~~'~F4
Copper
The PHG for copper is 0.3 mg/L. There is no MCL for Copper. Instead the 90th
percentile value of all samples from household taps in the distribution system cannot exceed an
Action Level of 1.3 mg/L for copper.
The category of health risk for copper is gastrointestinal irritation. Numerical health risk
data on copper have not yet been provided by OEHHA, the State agency responsible for
providing that information.
All of our source water samples for copper in 2009 were less than the PHG. Based on
extensive sampling of our distribution system in 2009, our 90th percentile value for copper was
0.19 mg/L.
Our water system is in full compliance with the Federal and State Lead and Copper Rule.
Based on our extensive sampling, it was determined according to State Regulatory requirements
that we meet the Action Levels for copper. Therefore, we are deemed by CDPH to have
"Optimized Corrosion Control" for our system.
In general, optimizating corrosion control is considered to be the best available
technology to deal with corrosion issues and with any lead or copper findings. We continue to
monitor our water quality parameters that relate to corrosively, such as pH, hardness, alkalinity,
and total dissolved solids. Action will be taken if necessary to maintain our system in an
"Optimized Corrosion Control" condition.
Since we are meeting the "Optimized Corrosion Control" requirements, it is not prudent
to initiate additional corrosion control treatment as it involves the addition of other chemicals,
and there could be additional water quality issues raised. Therefore, no estimate of cost has been
included.
Arsenic
The PHG for arsenic is 0.000004 mg/L. The MCL for arsenic is 0.10 mg/L. We have
detected Arsenic in 3 of our 21 wells at levels ND - 0.0049 mg/L. The levels detected were
below the MCL. The category of health risk associated with Arsenic, and the reason that a
drinking water standard was adopted for it, is that people who drink water containing Arsenic
above the MCL throughout their lifetime could experience an increased risk of cancer. The 0.10
mg/L MCL established by the USEPA if complied with should have no health effect. The
numerical risk for cancer for water containing Arsenic at the PHG level of 0.000004 mg/L is one
case in 1,000,000. The large system BAT for Arsenic to lower the levels below the PHG is Ion
Exchange. Total water production for all affected wells is 7,349 gallons per minute. Based on
the USEPA studies, the initial cost to treat one thousand gallons of water at 80 percent removal
efficiency for large water systems ranges from $0.53 to $0.68. The on going cost for the
treatment ranges from $0.53 to $0.68 per thousand gallons of water treated. For the City of
Santa Ana, the estimated cost to install such treatment systems (Ion Exchange) ranges between
$6.78 and $21.6 Million. The cost to operate the treatment facilities will range from $6.78 to
$8.3 million per year. The cost to build the treatment facilities would result in an assumed
increased to each customer or $19.48 to $60.41 in the first year and from $19.45 to $23.87 per
customer annually.
EXHIBIT 1
~~~~4
Recommendations for Further Action:
The drinking water quality of the City of Santa Ana meets all State of California,
Department of Health Services and USEPA drinking water standards set to protect the public
health. To further reduce the levels of the constituents identified in this report that are already
significantly below the health-based Maximum Contaminant Levels established to provide "safe
drinking water", an additional costly treatment process would be required. The effectiveness of
the treatment process to provide any significant reductions in the constituents' levels at these
already low values is uncertain. The health protection benefits of these further hypothetical
reductions are not at all clear and may not be quantifiable. Therefore, no action is proposed.
EXHIBIT 1
~
116470. (a) As a condition of its operating permit, every public
water system shall annually prepare a consumer confidence report and
mail or deliver a copy of that report to each customer, other than an
occupant, as defined in Section 799.28 of the Civil Code, of a
recreational vehicle park. A public water system in a recreational
vehicle park with occupants as defined in Section 799.28 of the Civil
Code shall prominently display on a bulletin board at the entrance
to or in the office of the park, and make available upon request, a
copy of the report. The report shall include all of the following
information:
(1) The source of the water purveyed by the public water system.
(2) A brief and plainly worded definition of the terms "maximum
contaminant level," "primary drinking water standard," and "public
health goal."
(3) If any regulated contaminant is detected in public drinking
water supplied by the system during the past year, the report shall
include all of the following information:
(A) The level of the contaminant found in the drinking water, and
the corresponding public health goal and primary drinking water
standard for that contaminant.
(B) Any violations of the primary drinking water standard that
have occurred as a result of the presence of the contaminant in the
drinking water and a brief and plainly worded statement of health
concerns that resulted in the regulation of that contaminant.
(C) The public water system's address and phone number to enable
customers to obtain further information concerning contaminants and
potential health effects.
(4) Information on the levels of unregulated contaminants, if any,
for which monitoring is required pursuant to state or federal law or
regulation.
(5) Disclosure of any variances or exemptions from primary
drinking water standards granted to the system and the basis
therefor.
(b) On or before July 1, 1998, and every three years thereafter,
public water systems serving more than 10,000 service connections
that detect one or more contaminants in drinking water that exceed
the applicable public health goal, shall prepare a brief written
report in plain language that does all of the following:
(1) Identifies each contaminant detected in drinking water that
exceeds the applicable public health goal.
(2) Discloses the numerical public health risk, determined by the
office, associated with the maximum contaminant level for each
contaminant identified in paragraph (1) and the numerical public
health risk determined by the office associated with the public
health goal for that contaminant.
(3) Identifies the category of risk to public health, including,
but not limited to, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and acute
toxicity, associated with exposure to the contaminant in drinking
water, and includes a brief plainly worded description of these
terms.
(4) Describes the best available technology, if any is then
available on a commercial basis, to remove the contaminant or reduce
the concentration of the contaminant. The public water system may,
solely at its own discretion, briefly describe actions that have been
taken on its own, or by other entities, to prevent the introduction
of the contaminant into drinking water supplies.
(5) Estimates the aggregate cost and the cost per customer of
utilizing the technology described in paragraph (4), if any, to
reduce the concentration of that contaminant in drinking water to a
level at or below the public health goal.
(6) Briefly describes what action, if any, the local water
purveyor intends to take to reduce the concentration of the
contaminant in public drinking water supplies and the basis for that
decision.
(c) Public water systems required to prepare a report pursuant to
subdivision (b) shall hold a public hearing for the purpose of
accepting and responding to public comment on the report. Public
water systems may hold the public hearing as part of any regularly
scheduled meeting.
(d) The department shall not require a public water system to take
any action to reduce or eliminate any exceedance of a public health
goal.
(e) Enforcement of this section does not require the department to
amend a public water system's operating permit.
(f) Pending adoption of a public health goal by the Office of
Environmental Health Hazard Assessment pursuant to subdivision (c) of
Section 116365, and in lieu thereof, public water systems shall use
the national maximum contaminant level goal adopted by the United
States Environmental Protection Agency for the corresponding
contaminant for purposes of complying with the notice and hearing
requirements of this section.
(g) This section is intended to provide an alternative form for
the federally required consumer confidence report as authorized by 42
U.S.C. Section 300g-3(c).
75C-8
MCLs, DLRs and PHGs for Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants
Last Update: December 31, 2009
The following table includes:
CDPH's maximum contaminant levels (MCLs)
CDPH's detection limits for purposes of reporting (DLRs)
Public health goals (PHGs) from the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
(OEHHA)
(Units are in milligrams per liter (mg/L), unless otherwise noted.)
State DLR PHG or Date of
MCL MCLG PHG
Chemicals with MCLs in 22 CCR §64431-Inorganic Chemicals
Aluminum 1 0.05 0.6 2001
Antimony 0.006 0.006 0.02a 1997
Arsenic 0.010 0.002 0.000004 2004
Asbestos (MFL =million fibers per liter; for 7 MFL 0.2 MFL 7 MFL 2003
fibers >10 microns Ion
Barium 1 0.1 2 2003
Be Ilium 0.004 0.001 0.001 2003
Cadmium 0.005 0.001 0.00004 2006
Chromium, Total - OEHHA withdrew the 0.05 0.01 (0.1) 1999
0.0025-m /L PHG in 2001
Chromium-6 -MCL to be established -
current/y regulated under the total chromium 0.001 0.00006 b
MCL
C snide 0.15 0.1 0.15 1997
Fluoride 2 0.1 1 1997
Mercury (inorganic) 0.002 0.001 0.0012 1999
rev2005 "
Nickel 0.1 0.01 0.012 2001
Nitrate as NO3 45 2 45 1997
Nitrite as N 1 as N 0.4 1 as N 1997
Nitrate + Nitrite 10 as N 10 as N 1997
Perchlorate 0.006 0.004 0.006 2004
Selenium 0.05 0.005 0.05
Thallium 0.002 0.001 0.0001 1999
rev2004
Copper and Lead, 22 CCR 64672.3
Values referred to as MCLs for lead and copper are not actually MCLs; instead, they are
called 'Action Levels" under the lead and copper rule
Co r 1.3 0.05 0.3 2008
Lead 0.015 0.005 0.0002 2009
Radionuclides with MCLs in 22 CCR §64441 and §64443-Radioactivity
[units are picocuries per liter (pCi/L), unless otherwise stated; n/a =not applicable]
Gross alpha particle activity - OEHHA
concluded in 2003 that a PHG was not 15 3 (zero) n/a
ractical
E~9
MCLs, DLRs and PHGs for Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants
Last Update: December 31, 2009
State DLR PHG or Date of
MCL MCLG PHG
Gross beta particle activity - OEHHA
concluded in 2003 that a PHG was not 4 mrem/yr 4 (zero) n/a
ractical
Radium-226 1 0.05 2006
Radium-228 1 0.019 2006
Radium-226 + Radium-228 (addressed 5
to ether as one MCL
Strontium-90 8 2 0.35 2006
Tritium 20,000 1,000 400 2006
Uranium 20 1 0.43 2001
Chemicals with MCLs in 22 CCR §64444-Organic Chemicals
(a) Volatile Or anic Chemicals (VOCs)
Benzene 0.001 0.0005 0.00015 2001
Carbon tetrachloride 0.0005 0.0005 0.0001 2000
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 0.6 0.0005 0.6 1997
rev2009
1,4-Dichlorobenzene -DCB 0.005 0.0005 0.006 1997
1,1-Dichloroethane 1,1-DCA 0.005 0.0005 0.003 2003
1,2-Dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) 0.0005 0.0005 0.0004 1999
rev2005
1,1-Dichloroeth lene 1,1-DCE 0.006 0.0005 0.01 1999
cis-1,2-Dichloroeth lene 0.006 0.0005 0.1 2006
trans-1,2-Dichloroeth lene 0.01 0.0005 0.06 2006
Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 0.005 0.0005 0.004 2000
1,2-Dichloro ro ane 0.005 0.0005 0.0005 1999
1,3-Dichloropropene 0.0005 0.0005 0.0002 1999
rev2006
Eth (benzene 0.3 0.0005 0.3 1997
Meth I tertia but I ether MTBE 0.013 0.003 0.013 1999
Monochlorobenzene 0.07 0.0005 0.2 2003
Styrene 0.1 0.0005 0.1
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 0.001 0.0005 0.0001 2003
Tetrachloroeth lene PCE 0.005 0.0005 0.00006 2001
Toluene 0.15 0.0005 0.15 1999
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 0.005 0.0005 0.005 1999
1,1,1-Trichloroethane 1,1,1-TCA 0.2 0.0005 1 2006
1,1,2-Trichloroethane 1,1,2-TCA 0.005 0.0005 0.0003 2006
Trichlorceth lene TCE 0.005 0.0005 0.0017 2009
Trichlorofluoromethane Freon 11 0.15 0.005 0.7 1997
1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-Trifluoroethane (Freon 1 2 0.01 4 1997
113
Vin I chloride 0.0005 0.0005 0.00005 2000
X lenes 1.75 0.0005 1.8 1997
(b) Non-Volatile Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
Alachlor 0.002 0.001 0.004 1997
Atrazine 0.001 0.0005 0.00015 1999
75C-10
MCLs, DLRs and PHGs for Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants
Last Update: December 31, 2009
State DLR PHG or Date of
MCL MCLG PHG
Bentazon 0.018 0.002 0.2 1999
rev2009
Benzo(a)pyrene 0.0002 0.0001 0.0000044 1997
Carbofuran 0.018 0.005 0.0017 2000
Chlordane 0.0001 0.0001 0.00003 1997
rev2006
Dalapon 0.2 0.01 0.79 1997
rev2009
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) 0.0002 0.00001 1.7E-06 1999
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) 0.07 0.01 0.02 2009
Di 2-eth Ihex I adi ate 0.4 0.005 0.2 2003
Di 2-eth Ihex I hthalate DEHP 0.004 0.003 0.012 1997
Dinoseb 0.007 0.002 0.014 1997
Di uat 0.02 0.004 0.015 2000
Endrin 0.002 0.0001 0.0018 1999
rev2008
Endothal 0.1 0.045 0.58 1997
Eth lene dibromide EDB 0.00005 0.00002 0.00001 2003
GI hosate 0.7 0.025 0.9 2007
He tachlor 0.00001 0.00001 0.000008 1999
He tachlor a oxide 0.00001 0.00001 0.000006 1999
Hexachlorobenzene 0.001 0.0005 0.00003 2003
Hexachloroc clo entadiene 0.05 0.001 0.05 1999
Lindane 0.0002 0.0002 0.000032 1999
rev2005
Methox chlor 0.03 0.01 0.03 1999
Molinate 0.02 0.002 0.001 2008
Oxam I 0.05 0.02 0.026 2009
Pentachloro henol PCP 0.001 0.0002 0.0003 2009
Picloram 0.5 0.001 0.5 1997
Pol chlorinated bi hen Is PCBs 0.0005 0.0005 0.00009 2007
Simazine 0.004 0.004 0.004 2001
2,4,5-TP Silvex 0.05 0.001 0.025 2003
2,3,7,8-TCDD (dioxin) 3x10-8 5x10-9 0 e
Thiobencarb 0.07 0.001 0.07 2000
Toxa hene 0.003 0.001 0.00003 2003
Chemicals with MCLs in 22 CCR 64533-Disinfectant B products
Total Trihalomethanes 0.08
Bromodichloromethane 0.0005 (zero)
Bromoform 0.0005 (zero)
Chloroform 0.0005 (0.07)
Dibromochloromethane 0.0005 (0.06)
Total Haloacetic Acids 0.06
Monochloroacetic acid 0.002 (0.07)
Dichloroacetic acid 0.001 (zero)
Trichloroacetic acid 0.001 (0.02)
Bromoacetic acid 0.001
Dibromoacetic acid 0.001
75C-11
MCLs, DLRs and PHGs for Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants
Last Update: December 31, 2009
State DLR PHG or Date of
MCL MCLG PHG
Bromate 0.010 0.005 0.0001 2009
Chlorite 1 0.02 0.05 2009
Microbiolo ical Contaminants TT =Treatment Techni ue
Coliform % positive samples % 5 (zero)
Cryptosporidium'" TT zero)
Giardia Lamblia TT zero)
Legionella TT (zero)
Viruses TT (zero)
a. A draft CA PHG of 0.0007 mg/L was published in 2009
b. For informational purposes only--no action needed at this time
c. A draft CA PHG of 0.0005 mglL was published in 2008
d. A draft CA PHG of 0.000013 mg/L was published in 2009
e. A draft CA PHG of 1x10-9 mg/L was published in 2007
f. Draft CA PHGs for individual trihalomethanes were published in 2009
OEHHA's review of this chemical during the year indicated (rev200X) resulted in no
change in the PHG.
Surface water systems only
75C-12
tr~~.~~~...~ ~_)s-~ C tip;
Additional abbreviations used below:
Primary Standards -Mandatory Health-Related Standards
CLARITY PHG Imported Water Groundwater Typical Source Of
Parameter MCL (MCLG) Highest %LeseThan Range Average
CoMaminaM
0.3
k Combined Filter Effluent Less than 0.3
NTU in 95 % of NA ~ 0.08 100 % NR NR Soil runoff
} Turbidity (NTU) ~ ~ l
all samples I E
Turbidity: Is a measure of the cloudiness of the water. It is monitored in our imported water source because it is a good indicator of the effectiveness of the filtration
s~tem~ I
MICROBIOLOGICAL PHG Imported Water Groundwater Typical Source of
MCL
Parameter (MCLG) Range Average Range Average Contaminant
Total Coliform Bacteria 5 0 0.0 - 0.14 % 0.02 % 0 - 0.5 % 0 Naturally present in the
environment
RADIOLOGICALS
Decay of natural and
Gross Beta activity (pCi/L) 50 0 ND - 6.4 ND NR NR
manmade deposits
Gross Alpha activity (pCi/L) 15 0 ND - 7.2 ND ND - 10.6 2.9
Erosion of natural deposits
Gross Beta Activity: Effective 6/11/2006, the gross beta particle activity MCL is 4 millirem/year annual dose equivalent to the total body or any internal organ. 50 pCi/L
is used as a screening level.
INORGANIC CHEMICALS
) s~v~~~~ ~ Erosion of natural deposits;
Aluminum (ppb) 1000 600 ND - 140 ( 70 ND - 110 j 6.11 } residue from some surface )
_ ! i ! ~ water treatment processes
I I Erosion of natural deposits;
I runoff from orchards, lass
Arsenic (ppb) % 10 0.004 ND i ND I ND - 3.2 I 0.39 g
i ~ and electronics production
( ~ ~ wastes j
_._..,.i._-______-..._ .q.-.._._.._.__ . _
, . _ I v___-~ ~
Oil and metal refineries
Barium (ppb) "s 1000 ~ 2000 ND 103 ND ( ND - 171 ; 17.5 ' discharges; natural deposits;
I I
i I I ~ ~ erosion
_ 'k--_ ~
r_.._____-_.
~ Erosion of natural deposits;
Fluoride (ppm) 2 t 0.1 0 2 0 2 ) 0.18 - 0.56 ~ 0.35 f dischar a from lertilizer and
(naturally occurring) - ! i i 9
_ - aluminum factories I
Fluonde(PPmJ fi_... ,-i•...... +..-~.s_._...~._.-~~°____-.____...~.~-i
i Water additive for dental
j (Treatment -related) { (a) ~ 1 0.6 1.0 f 0 8 NA ~ NA k
health j
-.h...._~. .y
Nitrate (as N03 ppm) f 45 45 ND 0 8 ~ 0.5 ND - 31.87 I 10 64 Runoff and leaching from
~ M_ _ Y _ _ fertilizer use; leaching from
i Nitrate and Nitrite as N f ~ ! ~ y~
( t septic tanks and sewage;
PP ) 10 10 ! ND + ND ~ ND 7 2 ~ 2.41 erosion o nature epo
m , f I d its
s !i
i I E Refineries, mines, and
Selenium (ppb) 50 -50 ND ~ ND ! NR ~ NR f chemical waste discharges;
, ! ` runoff
SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL STATEMENT REGARDING NITRATE: Nitrate levels may rise quickly for short periods of time because of rainfall or agricultural activity.
Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 45 mg/L is a health risk for infants of less than six months of age. Such nitrate levels in drinking water can interfere with the
capacity of the infant's blood to carry oxygen, resulting in a serious illness; symptoms include shortness of breath and blueness of the skin. Nitrate levels above 45 mg/L
may also affect the ability of the blood to carry oxygen in other individuals, such as pregnant women and those with certain specific enzyme deficiencies. If you are
caring for an infant, you should ask advice from your health care provider.
75C-14
Imported water Groundwater
Parameter MCL (MCLG) Range Average 90th ~ of Sites g ~ Sites Typical Sourca of Contaminant
Percentile Above the Sampled
internal corrosion of household
plumbing systems; erosion of
Copper (ppm) AL=1.3 0.17 ND ND 0.2 0 53 natural deposits; leaching from
wood preservatives
Internal corrosion of household
plumbing systems; erosion of
Lead (ppb) AL=15 2 ND ND ND 0 53 natural deposits; discharges from
industrial manufacturers
Parameter MCL PHC' Imported water Groundwater or System
[MRDL] MCLG Typical Source of Contaminant
Volatile Organic Compounds [MRDLG] Range Average Range Average
Leaking underground gasoline
Methyl-tart-butyl-ether (MTBE) 13 13 ND ND ND ND storage tanks and pipelines;
(PPb) discharge from petroleum and
chemical factories
Disinfection By-Products, Disinfectant Residuals -Values are for the distribution system based on annual running average
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) By-product of drinking water
80 NA 36 - 66 46 ND - 67.1 16.3
(PPb) chlorination
Haloacitic Acids (Five) (ppb) 60 NA 7.9 - 34 22 ND - 23.0 4.8 By-product of drinking water
chlorination
Total Chlorine Residual m Drinking water disinfectant added
(pp ) [4] [4] 0.72 - 3.4 2.4 0.5 - 1.16 0.83
for treatment
75C-15
Secondary Standards -Aesthetic Standards (non-health related)
PHG Imported Water Groundwater Typical Souree of Contaminant
Peremster MCLG (MCLG
~ Range Average Range Average
Alum,num + Erosion of natural deposits; residual from ;
(ppb) ; 200 ) 600 ~ ND - 140 ~ 70 , ND - 110 6 11
c some surface water treatment processes j
I .
~ - I ~ Runoff/leaching from natural deposits;
Chloride (ppm) ~ 500 j NA ; 71 - 101 ! 86 j 18 1 144 49.99 ~
{ I seawater influence
_ ~ _ _.____.____w._.
Color (units) ~ 15 € NA € 1 2 ~ 2 ~ ND 3 0 42 i Naturally-occurring organic materials E
~ Non- ~ ~ ~ Natural or industrially-influenced balance of
Corrosivity (SI) , NA ! I Non- Non- I III
0 17 - 0 45 i 0 32 hydrogen, carbon and oxygen in the water;
~ ; corrosive , corrosive i corrosive
+ affected by temperature and other factors i
_ _ ~ . _ ____i
Foam,ng Agents (ppb) 500 NA ~ ND ND ~ ND ~ ~ ND Municipal and industrial waste discharges
Odor Threshold (units) 3 + NA ~ 2 i 2 ~ ND ~ ND ~ _ Natural occurring organic materials ,
Spec. Conductance (uS/cm) ~ 1600 ? NA II 603 - 893 ; 748 433 - 1 190 ; 671 46 ~ Substances that form ions when in water, 3
s seawater+nfluence
..____._.t. ~ _ It _ _._-m,
{ l ~M " Runoff/leaching from natural deposits,
Sulfate (ppm) 500 NA 96 - 179 137 , 44.2 - 143 ~ 85.97 i
, i ~ ~ ~ seawater influence
r _ - _ Y ~
} _ ,
Total Dssolved Solids (ppm) 1000 r NA _ I 348 519 ~ 453 ~ 246 786 ~ 412 72 ( Runoff/leaching from natural depostls
Turb+ddy (NTU) v 5 } NA ~ 0 03 0 07 { 0 05 + 0 1 2 ~ 0 41 ~ So+l runoff ,
_i_ 1_...-__. _.i..._. i-__.__._ _._._-J
75C-16
Unregulated Parameters That May Be Of Interest To Our Customers
PHG Imported Water Ground Water
Parameter MCL MCLG
( ~ Range Average Range Average
Alkalinity (ppm) NA NA 80 - 703 90 144 - 245 172.25
Boron (ppb) NA NL = 1000 130 - 170 150 ND - 0.22 0.01
Bromide (ppm) NS NS NR NR ND - 0.34 0.11
Calcium (ppm) NA NA 30 - 55 43 32.4 - 142 73.23
Chromium VI (ppb) NA NA 0.09 - 0.17 0.12 ND - 3.4 1.14
Total Hardness (ppm) NA NA 137 - 228 191 112 - 469 240.44
Total Hardness (Grains per gallon) NS NS B.0 - 13.3 11.2 6.5 - 27.4 14.1
Magnesium (ppm) NA NA 14 - 23 17 6.9 - 27.7 13.97
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) (ppt) NA AL = 3 ND ND ND ND
pH (pH units) NA NA 8.1 - 8.4 8.2 7.9 - 8.3 8.16
Potassium (ppm) NA NA 3.1 - 4.3 3.8 1.3 - 3.7 2
Radon (pCiiL) NA NA ND ND 305 - 529 407.67
Sodium (ppm) NA NA 66 - 93 80 32.3 - 69.7 45.86
TOC (ppm) TT NA 1.8 - 2.9 2.2 ND - 0.39 0.11
Vanadium (ppb) NA AL = 50 ND - 4.1 3.3 ND - 6.2 1.15
Radon: Radon is a radioactive gas that you can't see, taste, or smell. It is found throughout the U.S. Radon can move through the ground and into a home through cracks
and holes in the foundation. Radon can build up in high levels in all types of homes. Radon can also get into indoor air when released from tap water from showering,
washing dishes, and other household activities. Compared to radon entering the home through soil, radon entering the home through tap water will in most cases be a small
source of radon in indoor air. Radon is a known human carcinogen. Breathing air containing radon can lead to lung cancer. Drinking water containing radon may also
cause increased risk of stomach cancer. If you are concerned about radon in your home, test the air in your home. Testing is inexpensive and easy. Fix your home if the
level of radon in your air is 4 picocuries per liter of air (pCi/L) or higher. There are simple ways to fix a radon problem that aren't too costly. For additional information, call
your State radon program or call EPA's Radon Hotline (1-800-SOS-RADON.)
75C-17
Additional Parameters That May Be Of Interest To Our Customers
PHG Imported Water Ground Water
Parameter MCL MCLG Typical Source of Contaminsnt
~ ( ~ Range Average Range Average
i Erosion of natural deposits; residual from
Perchlorate (ppb) NA NA i ND - 4.1 ND ND - 3.0 0.2
j some surface water treatment processes
1,4-Dioxane (ppb) NA NA I ND ND i ND ND r Runoff/leaching from natural deposits;
t
seawater influence '
_ _A _ _ _....1_ __.-1._ _ .
75C-18
} r~ LL 55r ~1 ~~1 f~
Additional abbreviations used below:
75C-19
Primary Standards -Mandatory Health-Related Standards
)_v_•-v-~~Y ~0~~ MCL ~G Imported Water Groundwater yp• gourceOt
T Ica!
Parameter (MCLG) Range Average Range Average CoMaminaM
)
Combined Filter Effluent
5 ' NA 0.31 - 3.2 i 0.89 NR NR i Soil runoff
Turbidity (NTU) ~ i I ~
t I i
. _ _ _ _ ~..__i.._._ ___-----___.L.~____ _..L_ ._-z~_.-~______L_.--~._
Turbidity: Is a measure of the cloudiness of the water It is monitored in our imported water source because it is a good indicator of the effectiveness of the filtration
system
MICROBIOLOGICAL PHG Imported Water Groundwater Typical Source of
Parameter MCL (MCLG) Range Averege Range Average Contaminant
Total Coliform Bacteria (a) NA NA ND - 12000 770 ND ND Naturally present in the
environment
RADIOLOGICALS
Gross Alpha activity (pCi/L) 15 0 NC NC ND - 9.49 2.94
Erosion of natural deposits
Natural Uranium (pCi/L) 20 0.43 2.9 - 3.7 3.3 ND - 8.79 3.66
Gross Beta Activity: Effective 6!11/2006, the gross beta particle activity MCL is 4 millirem/year annual dose equivalent to the total body or any internal organ. 50 pCi/L
is used as a screening level.
I INORGANIC CHEMICALS
_..~~_____._~-~T_________._.T._~~_._.~r ._~____-~_T_
1 j Erosion of natural deposits;
Arsenic (ppb) 10 0.004 # 2.6 - 3.2, 2 9 - 3.0 ~ ND - 4 9 0 42 runoff from orchards, glass
Highest RAA I € and electronics production
' f I E wastes I
_ j
I ~ Oil and metal refineries
Barium (ppb) 1000 2000 j 105 - 129 ~ 117 ! ND 171 ~ 21.15 discharges; natural deposits
r ~ erosion '
w
Fluoride (ppm) ~ i Erosion of natural deposits;
(naturally occurring) - 2 - 1 0.2 - 0.4 ~ 0.3 0.15 0 48 ~ 0.32 discharge from fertilizer and ~
~ ~ ~ aluminum factories
Fluoride (PPm) '
- NA ' Water additive for dental
(Treatment related) (a) ~ 1 0.6 10 0.8 ~ NA ~ I health
_ y , - _ _ j.-_ _
Nitrate (as N03 ppm) 45 45 NC NC ND 30 50 10 48 Runoff and leaching from ~
- _.-____,r. -i} _ fertilzer use: leaching from 11
Nitrate and Nitrite (as N ~ 10 10 NC ~ NC , ND 6.89 2.37 septic tanks and sewage; 1
.PPm) J _ ~ i i erosion of natural deposits
T"
-.._d.-.....~.__ _ .
a ~ i Refineries, mines, and
Selenium (ppb) 50 i I I
i (50) ND ND I NR NR chemical waste discharges;
i t
- -~..~~____..r.. runoff ;
fall or agricultural activity.
NP
ate! m drDking waOter at evels above 45 mg/ALRsDaNhealthRSk for nlfantslof elss tthanes zgmonthsfof age Sucenitratemevels m deinkin ins _ ~
g water can interfere with the
capacity of the infant's blood to carry oxygen, resulting in a serious illness; symptoms include shortness of breath and blueness of the skin. Nitrate levels above 45 mg/L
may also affect the ability of the blood to carry oxygen in other individuals, such as pregnant women and those with certain specific enzyme deficiencies. If you are
caring for an infant, you should ask advice from your health care provider.
75C-20
Imported water Groundwater
Parameter MCL PHG 90th ~ ~ Srtes R of Sites Typical Source of Contaminant
(MCLG) Range Average the
Percentile Sampled
internal corrosion of household
Copper (ppm) AL=1.3 0.3 ND ND 0.2 0 53 plumbing systems; erosion of
natural deposits; leaching from
wood preservatives
Internal corrosion of household
Lead (ppb) AL=15 2 ND ND ND 0 53 plumbing systems; erosion of
natural deposits; discharges from
industrial manufacturers
Parameter MCL PHG Imported water Groundwater or System
[MRDL] MCLG Typical Source of Contaminant
Volatile Organic Compounds [MROLG] Range Average Range Average
Leaking underground gasoline
Methyl-tart-butyl-ether (MTBE) 5 13 ND ND ND ND storage tanks and pipelines;
(PPb) discharge from petroleum and
chemical factories
Disinfection By-Products, Disinfectant Residuals -Values are for the distribution system based on annual running average
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) 80 NA c ND - 55.3 15 By-product of drinking water
(PPb) ( ) (d) chlorination
Haloacitic Acids (Five) (ppb) 60 NA (c l ND - 20.9 4 2 By-product of drinking water
(d) chlorination
Total Chlorine Residual (ppm) [4] [4] 0.72 - 3.4 2.4 0.67 - 0.97 0.76 Drinking water disinfectant added
for treatment
75C-21
Secondary Standards -Aesthetic Standards (non-health related)
PHG Imported Water Groundwater
- ParameterY ~ MCLG MCLG Typical Source of Contaminant
~ ~ Range Average Range Average
(Pp ) 18.20 - Runoff/leaching from natural deposits;
Chloride m f 500 i NA NC NC ' 52.05
144.00 ~ - seawater influence !
-f- _ -s..._..._-- _ i
Color (units) { 15 ~ NA ; NC NC i ND - 12 00 ~ 0 53 Naturally-occurring organic materials
_.l_~,~_ i _ _
Natural or industrially-influenced balance of i
Corrosivity (Sq ~ Non NA - NC NC Non ; Non hydrogen, carbon and oxygen in the water;
corrosive corrosive corrosive
, ~ affected by temperature and other factors
I
Iron (ppb) j 300 NA ND ND ~ ND - 348.00 ~ 5.8 ~ Municipal and industrial waste discharges
Foaming Agents (ppb) 500 i~,~_, NA j NC NC ~ ND ND - Municipal and industral waste discharges
Odor Threshold (units) 3 ~ NA ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ ND ~ ND Natural occurring organic materials
_ - - _ - c- _ .
- _..~....~___._..__e_.~_
Spec. Conductance (uS/cm) 1600 NA ~ NC NC E 452.00 ( 685 01 Substances that form ions when in water,
E
1190 00 ~ seawater influence
_ ,___.-___t
Sulfate (ppm) ~ 500 NA NC NC i 47.40 ~ 89 6 Runoff/leaching from natural deposits,
I ~ I 137.00 t seawater influence
Total Dissolved Solids m ~ 1000 NA NC NC 258.00 - 7
(Pp ) ~ 414 6 Runoff/leaching from natural deposits ,
Turbidity (NTU) I 5 ~ NA 0 31 3 2 0 89 I ND - 3 30 0 26 ~ Soil runoff I
--.1 _ s _ _ _ __._...w. I
75C-22
Unregulated Parameters That May Be Of Interest To Our Customers
PHG Imported Water Ground Water
Parameter MCL MCLG
( ) Range Average Range Average
Alkalinity %ppm) NA NA 106 - 135 116 140.00 - 242.00 170.13
Boron (ppbj NA NL = 1000 NC NC ND - 0.19 0.02
Bromide (ppm) NS NS NC NC ND - 0.34 0.1
Calcium Ippm) NA NA NC NC 34.90 - 142.00 74.84
Chromium VI (ppb) NA NA 0.07 - 0.27 0.19 ND - 3.40 1.05
Total Hardness (ppm) NA NA NC NC 115.00 - 469.00 247.78
Total Hardness !Grains per gallon) NS NS NC NC 6.7 - 27.0 14.5
Magnesium (ppm) NA NA NC NC 6.90 - 27.70 14.8
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) (ppt) NA AL = 3 ND ND ND ND
pH (pH units) NA NA 8.0 - 8.4 8.3 7.50 - 8.30 8.05 ~
Potassium (ppm) NA NA NC NC 1.10 - 3.70 2.02
Radon IpCi/L) NA NA NC NC 252.00 - 529.00 371.25
Sodium fppm) NA NA NC NC 31,80 - 63.70 45.78
TOC (ppm) TT NA 2.2 - 3.1 2.7 ND - 0.51 0.12
Vanadium (ppb) NA AL = 50 3.5 - 4.0 3.7 ND - 6.20 1.04
Radon: Radon is a radioactive gas that you can't see, taste, or smell. It is found throughout the U.S. Radon can move through the ground and into a home through cracks
and holes in the foundation. Radon can build up in high levels in all types of homes. Radon can also get into indoor air when released from tap water from showering,
washing dishes, and other household activities. Compared to radon entering the home through soil, radon entering the home through tap water will in most cases be a small
source of radon in indoor air. Radon is a known human carcinogen. Breathing air containing radon can lead to lung cancer. Drinking water containing radon may also
cause increased risk of stomach cancer. If you are concerned about radon in your home, test the air in your home. Testing is inexpensive and easy. Fix your home if the
level of radon in your air is 4 picocuries per liter of air (pCi/L) or higher. There are simple ways to fix a radon problem that aren't too costly. For additional information, call
your State radon program (1-800-745-7236) or call EPA's Radon Hotline (1-800-SOS-RADON.)
75C-23
Additional Parameters That May Be Of Interest To Our Customers
i...__.._._._~..____. PHG Imported Water Ground Water
Parameter MCL Typical Source of Contaminant
(MCLG) Range Average Range Average
t._-___,,....__.. _-~_....e .
i ~
1,4-Dioxane (ppb) NA NA NC ~ NC ND ND Runoff/leaching from natural deposits; ~
i seawater influence
75C-24
~ ~
A.y,. _ [ ! J .C Ste.
Additional abbreviations used below:
•
75C-25
Primary Standards -Mandatory Health-Related Standards
r___~__..____.__ ~.V.d.__
CLARITY PHG Imported Water Groundwater Typical Source Of
MCL
Parameter w~ (MCLG) Range Average Range Average Contaminant
Combined Filter Effluent i
0.3 NA Highest I 0.06 NR NR Soil runoff
Turbidity (NTU)
_ t . {
t
Combined F£Iter Effluent i ~ ) ! ~ ~
Turbidity 95(a) £ NA ~ % <0.3 100 NR NR Soil runoff
_._.__..__1. ....~,_,.__.._...._.__.._~___.._._....._.__L. _._..___.____L__._._ -_--._.~~W__~__._._ i
Turbidity: Is a measure of the cloudiness of the water It is monitored in our imported water source because it is a good indicator of the effectiveness of the filtration
system
MICROBIOLOGICAL PHG Imported Water Groundwater Typical Source of
MCL
Parameter (MCLG) Range Average Range Average Contaminant
Naturally present in the
Total Coliform Bacteria (b) NA NA ND - 0.2 0 ND ND
environment
RADIOLOGICALS
Gross Alpha activity (pCi/L) 15 0 ND - 9.3 5.4 ND - 9.49 3.02
Erosion of natural deposits
Natural Uranium (pCi/L) Zp 0.43 2.4 - 3.7 3.1 ND - 8.79 3.68
r...__~.._.~,..__...v
i INORGANIC CHEMICALS
t
~ Erosion of natural deposits;
Arsenic (ppb) 10 0.004 ~ ND - 2.6 ! 2.2 - 2.3 i ND 2 9 £ 0.38 runoff from orchards, glass
~ Highest RAA ~ p ~ and electronics production
- ~ I 's wastes ~
_ _....1 _ ,
{___.__~__.~__._.e
£ Od and metal refineries
i
Barium (ppb) 1000 2000 ! 110 - 140 ~ 125 ~ ND - 153 t 19.4 discharges; natural deposits$
' t £ erosion
Fluoride (ppm) i ~ i ~ Erosion of natural deposits
(naturally occurring) 2 1 0.2 0 4 0.3 , 0.17 - 0 48 0 33 discharge from fertilizer and ~
i aluminum factories
~TreatmenPPmelated~ ,_-_.~,.c) 0 7 1 3 8....... ~ NA ^_..._NA.._. ealth additive for dental„ y
!
Nitrate (as NO3 ppm) 45 i 45 NC ~ NC ~ ND 38.00 3 10.59 ; Runoff and leaching from
r _ _ £ fer lizeruse eac ' {
.~...._-______--°4...,-..,_.._........._...- ._y ti , I hing from
Nitrate and Nitrite (as N I - septic tanks and sewa e;
ppm) 10 I 10 I NC j NC ND 8 59 2 39 g
t _ erosion of natural deposits '
I
~.5._`.
~ ~ Refineries, mines, and
Selenium (ppb) 50 (50) ND ND NR NR chemical waste discharges;
{
runoff ~
. _ . ~ _ _ . w__,-.._
SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL STATEMENT REGARDING NITRATE: Nitrate levels may rise quickly for short periods of time because of rainfall or agricultural activity.
Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 45 mg/L is a health risk for infants of less than six months of age. Such nitrate levels in drinking water can interfere with the
: capacity of the infant's blood to carry oxygen, resulting in a serious illness; symptoms include shortness of breath and blueness of the skin. Nitrate levels above 45 mg/L
may also affect the ability of the blood to carry oxygen in other individuals, such as pregnant women and those with certain specific enzyme deficiencies. If you are
caring for an infant, you should ask advice from your health care provider.
75C-26
Imported water Groundwater
Parameter MCL (MCLG) Range Average 90th ~ of Sites M of SRea Typical Source Of Contaminant
Percentile Above the Sampled
internal corrosion of household
plumbing systems; erosion of
Copper (ppm) AL=1.3 0.3 ND ND 0.19 0 119
natural deposits; leaching from
wood preservatives
Internal corrosion of household
lumbin s stems; erosion of
Lead (ppb) AL=0.015 0.2 ND ND ND 0 119 natural deposits; discharges from
industrial manufacturers
Parameter MCL PHG Imported water Groundwater or System
[MRDL] MCLG Typical Source of Contaminant
Volatile Organic Compounds [MRDLG] Range Average Range Average
Leaking underground gasoline
Methyl-tert-butyl-ether (MTBE) 5 13 ND ND ND ND storage tanks and pipelines;
(ppb) discharge from petroleum and
chemical factories
Disinfection By-Products, Disinfectant Residuals -Values are for the distribution system based on annual running average
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) 60 NA ND - 76.7 By-product of drinking water
(PPb) (c) (d) 13.1 disinfection
Haloacitic Acids (Five) (ppb) 60 NA (c) ND - 32.5 3 9 By-product of drinking water
(d) disinfection '
Total Chlorine Residual (ppm) [4] [4] 0.72 - 3.4 2.4 0.45 - 0.97 0.65 Drinking water disinfectant added
for treatment
75C-27
Secondary Standards -Aesthetic Standards (non-health related)
~ PHG Imported Water Groundwater
Parameter MCLG MCLG Typical Source of ComaminaM
~ 1 Range Average Range Average
18.20 - I Runoff/leaching from natural deposits;
Chloride (ppm) 500 NA NC NC 108.00 ! 49 16 ~ seawater influence
Color (units) 15 NA NC NC ND - 12 00 ~ 0 35 ~ Naturally-occurring organic materials
r . . _ . _ ~ __e__ - ~ _ _t_. . - _ . } . _ _ _ ~ ~
4 0.22 - 0.41 0.33 Non ~ Non Natural or industrially-influenced balance of ~
Corrosroity (SI) NA NA ! Non- Non- ! hydrogen, carbon and oxygen in the water;
~ corrosive corrosive
corrosive corrosive j i affected by temperatwe and other factors
f__._-._ ......t r...___.__
i ~ r
Iron (ppb) = 300 NA ND ND ND - 348.00 ~ 5.8 Municipal and industrial waste discharges
I
_ _ ~ t _ __.___-_____.__..__~-______a
Foaming Agents (ppb) j 500 ~ NA NC NC ~ ND 0 03 ND Municipal and industrial waste discharges ~
_ _ _ _ t _t - _..~.-~_________.__--f
Odor Threshold (units) ! 3 7 NA ~ 2 2 ND ~ ND Natural occurring organic materials
452.00 - Substances that form ions when in water,
' Spec. Conductance (uS/cm) ; 1600 NA NC NC i 665 43
i ~ 1050 00 ! seawater influence j
' ( 47.40 - ~ Runoff/leaching from natural deposits,
Sulfate (ppm) i 500 NA , NC NC 88 4 G
1{ ~ , 137 00 seawater influence !
Total Dissolved Solids (ppm) 1 1000 ~ NA NC ~ NC i 258.00 - ~ 400 85 Runoff/leaching from natural depostls
Turbidity (NTU) ~ 5 f NA z 0 31 - 3.2 0.89 ~ ND - 3.30 0 28 ~ Soil runoff
i.-_ ~ ~ t
75C-28
Unregulated Parameters That May Be Of Interest To Our Customers
PHG Imported Water Ground Water
Parameter MCL (MCLG
~ Range Average Range Average
Alkalinity (ppm) NA NA 106 - 135 116 140.00 - 237.00 767.53
Bicarbonate (as HC03) NA NA NC NC 171.00 - 289.00 204.15
Boron (ppb) NA NL = 1000 120 - 140 130 ND - 0.19 0.02
Bromide (ppm) NS NS NC NC ND - 0.21 0.09
Calcium (ppm) NA NA NC NC 34.90 - 135.00 73.16
Carbonate (as CAC03) NA NA NC NC ND - 2.40 O.t2
Carbonate (as C03) NA NA NC NC ND - 1.40 0.07
Chromium VI (ppb) NA NA 0.07 - 0.27 0.19 ND - 3.40 1.08
Total Hardness (ppm) NA NA NC NC t t 5.00 - 436.00 241.88
Total Hardness (Grains per gallon) NS NS NC NC 6.7 - 25.5 14.1
Magnesium (ppm) NA NA NC NC 6.90 - 26.90 14.4
N-Niirosodimethylamine (NDMA) (ppt) NA AL = 3 ND ND ND ND
pH (pH units) NA NA 8.0 - 8.4 8.3 7.50 - 8.30 8.03
Potassium (ppmj NA NA NC NC 1.10 - 3.70 1.98
Radon (pCi/L) NA NA NC NC 256.00 - 529.00 368.71
Sodium ;ppm) NA NA NC NC 31.80 - 63.70 45.48
TOC (ppmi TT NA 2.2 - 3.1 2.7 ND - 0.57 0.11
Vanadium (ppb) NA AL = 50 3.5 - 4.0 3.7 ND - 6.20 1.04
Radon: Radon is a radioactive gas that you can't see, taste, or smell. It is found throughout the U.S. Radon can move through the ground and into a home through cracks
and holes in the foundation. Radon can build up in high levels in all types of homes. Radon can also get into indoor air when released from tap water from showering,
washing dishes, and other household activities. Compared to radon entering the home through soil, radon entering the home through tap water will in most cases be a small
source of radon in indoor air. Radon is a known human carcinogen. Breathing air containing radon can lead to lung cancer. Drinking water containing radon may also
cause increased risk of stomach cancer. 11 you are concerned about radon in your home, test the air in your home. Testing is inexpensive and easy. Fix your home if the
level of radon in your air is 4 picocuries per liter of air (pCi/L) or higher. There are simple ways to fix a radon problem that aren't too costly. For additional information, call
your State radon program (1-800-745-7236), the EPA Sate Drinking Water Act Hotline (1-800-426-4791), or the National Safe Council Radon Hotline (1-800-SOS-RADON.)
75C-29
Additional Parameters That May Be Of Interest To Our Customers
f_______..____._._ PHG Imported Water Ground Water
Parameter MCL MCLG Typical Source of Contaminem
~ ) Range Average Range Average
1,4-Dioxane (ppb) ' NA NA NC NC ND " ND ~ Runofl/leaching from natural deposits; j
I ~ i seawater mfluence
75C-30