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HomeMy WebLinkAbout75B - PH - CLIMATE ACTION PLANREQUEST FOR COUNCIL ACTION CITY COUNCIL MEETING DATE: DECEMBER 15, 2015 TITLE: PUBLIC HEARING - RESOLUTION TO ADOPT THE SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN AND ASSOCIATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION {STRATEGIC PLAN NO. 4, 1; 5} r TY NAANAG RECOMMENDED ACTION CLERK OF COUNCIL USE ONLY: ❑ As Recommended ❑ As Amended ❑ Ordinance on 1®t Reading ❑ Ordinance on 2"o Reeding ❑ Implementing Resolution ❑ Set Public Hearing For_ CONTINUED TO FILE NUMBER 1. Approve and adopt the Negative Declaration affirming that the environmental impact of the Santa Ana Climate Action Plan policies and procedures has been found to be less than significant and requires no mitigation measures. 2. Adopt a resolution approving the City of Santa Ana Climate Action Plan, Santa Ana has been developing a Climate Action Plan (CAP) to demonstrate its leadership in sustainability efforts. By completing the CAP, the City has developed a roadmap to save energy and resources, improve quality of life, quantify achievement of Council- approved greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction goals, and be positioned for CAP implementation. The City will also be prepared for any new legislation that may be enacted mandating GHG emissions reduction at the local government level. As a first step in preparing the Draft CAP (Exhibit 1), a GHG emissions inventory was completed to determine the baseline for future achievement. This 2008 baseline inventory showed that Santa Ana was already demonstrating leadership in reducing energy use and GHG emissions. At 5.5 metric tons of CO2 emissions (MTCO2e) per capita, Santa Ana baseline emissions are lower than the statewide average of 13 MTCO2e, and significantly lower than the nationwide average of 23 MTCOze. Council approved reduction targets of 15 percent of 2008 levels by 2020, and 30 percent of 2008 levels by 2035. These targets were developed with input from community and City stakeholders, as well as consultants with expertise in CAP preparation and scientific calculation of emissions reduction. The resulting actions (measures) included in the CAP also consider elements such as State regulations, utility incentive programs, and the City's Draft Circulation Element. The CAP will 7513-1 Resolution to Adopt Climate Action Plan December 15, 2015 Page 2 achieve the recommended reduction target for 2020 and nearly achieve the reduction target for 2035. In the coming years, as the CAP is reviewed and revised to include increased State regulations, measures will be implemented to achieve the 2035 reduction target. The majority of the funding for the CAP was provided by Southern California Edison through the California Public Utilities Commission. The remaining portion of the funding was provided by the Public Works and Planning and Building Agencies. STRATEGIC PLAN ALIGNMENT Approval of this item supports the City's efforts to meet Goal #4 - City Financial Stability, Objective #1 (maintain a stable, efficient and transparent financial environment); and, Goal #5 - Community Health, Livability, Engagement & Sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS In accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), a Negative Declaration has been prepared for this project (Exhibit 2). As noticed in The Orange County Register on October 21, 2015, the public review period for the Negative Declaration for the Draft Climate Action Plan was from October 21, 2015 to November 20, 2015. Documentation was available for viewing on the City website, at the Main Library, and the Planning and Building Agency public counter. The written comments regarding the Negative Declaration that were received from the Orange County Transportation Authority and Caltrans were not substantive in nature and have been addressed. Any new programs as identified in the Climate Action Plan will be subject to project - specific CEQA review to evaluate potential environmental impact. Thus, adoption of the Climate Action Plan policies and programs would have a less than significant environmental impact, and no mitigation measures are deemed necessary. FISCAL IMPACT There is no fiscal impact associated with adopting the Negative Declaration and the Climate Action Plan. ` —.__ A ), Fre 'Mousavipour Executive Director Public Works Agency FM /MLM /ck Exhibits: 1. Draft CAP 2. Negative Declaration 3. Resolution 75B -2 WA I This page intentionally left blank 75B -4 Santa Ana Climate Action Plan: Table of Contents Table of Contents Acknowledgements Message from the City Manager Executive Summary 1 1. Introduction 3 Purpose 3 Legislative Overview 4 Global Warming Solutions Act 4 Senate Bill 375 4 Executive Order 5 -3 -05 5 California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and Senate Bill 97 5 Local Government Action 5 Santa Ana General Plan 6 Santa Ana Sustainability Leadership and Accomplishments 7 Community -wide Initiatives 7 Municipal Operations Actions 10 2. Emissions Inventory, Forecasts, and Goals 13 Inventory Overview 13 Community -wide Baseline Emissions 14 Per- capita Emissions 15 Community -wide Emissions Forecast 15 Municipal Operations Baseline Emissions 16 Municipal Operations Emissions Forecast 17 Emissions Reduction Goals 17 State Emissions Reduction 17 Renewable Portfolio Standard 18 Vehicle Fuel Efficiency 18 Combined Impact 18 3. Climate Action Plan Measures 21 Process and Overview 21 Measure Emissions Reduction Summary 22 Measure Structure 23 Climate Action Plan Measures 24 Transportation and Land -Use Measures 24 Community -wide Energy Measures 36 Municipal Operations Energy Measures 50 Water, Wastewater and Solid Waste Measures 57 75B -5 4. Implementation and Monitoring Strategy Climate Action Plan Implementation Staffing Partnerships Outreach and Education Implementation Timeframe Evaluation and Monitoring Tracking Implementation Status Measurement and Estimation of Emissions Reduction Periodic Re- Inventory 5. Take Action —What Can You Do? Appendix A: Total Emissions Reduction Appendix B: Inventory Methodology Appendix C: Measure Calculation Assumptions 75B -6 63 64 64 64 64 64 66 66 67 67 69 72 74 75 Santa Ana Climate Action Plan' Acknowledgements This plan was made possible by funding from the Southern California Edison Company's Local Government Strategic Plan Strategies Program for the 2013 -2014 Program Period under the auspices of the California Public Utilities Commission. Thanks to the City Council for their leadership and support Miguel A. Pulido Mayor Vincent F. Sarmiento Mayor Pro Tern Michele Martinez Members of the City Council Angelica Amezcua P. David Benavides Roman Rayne Sal Tinajero Thank you to the City of Santa Ana Staff and Climate Action Plan Steering Committee for their contributions to the Climate Action Plan. Consulting Team: ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability -USA Project Lead AECCM Global Green Fehr and Peers Mariann Long and Associates 75B -7 Messago from the City Manager t. Community Members, For many years, the City of Santa Ana has taken the lead in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and conserving resources citywide. As a result, Santa Ana's per capita emissions are lower compared to other California cities and the State. Energy efficiency and sustainability have been guiding principles to ensure that the actions taken today will preserve the ability to meet the needs of future generations. The purpose of this Climate Action Plan is to develop and implement strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from City operations, and the community. These strategies include using energy and water more efficiently, increasing renewable energy, enhancing access to sustainable transportation modes, recycling waste, and building sustainable communities. These actions will benefit the community by boosting the local economy, reducing traff ic congestion, improving air quality, lowering energy use and cost, and improving the quality of life. I would like to express our gratitude to the Mayor and City Council for their outstanding leadership and vision. We are committed to creating a more livable, sustainable, and economically vibrant community. I look forward to working together with the community and achieving great progress through the implementation of the Climate Action Plan. Best, David Cavazos City Manager 75B -8 This Climate Action Plan (CAP) represents the City of Santa Ana's commitment to improving quality of life by reducing carbon pollution and energy use, both from its own operations and from the community as a whole. To develop this CAP, an inventory was conducted to determine baseline green -house gas emissions from the community and from municipal operations for calendar year 2008. A forecast was made of business -as -usual emissions in the absence of any emissions reduction actions. This forecast was then adjusted to account for the emissions reduction expected from statewide policies and from actions that have already been taken by the City since the baseline inventory. In 2014, the City Council adopted emissions reduction goals for the CAP. For community -wide emissions, the reduction goal is 15% below the baseline year 2008 by 2020, and 30% below the baseline year 2008 by 2035. For municipal operations emissions the reduction goal is 30% by 2020 and 40% by 2035. Based on community input, suggestions from City staff, analysis of other communities' climate action plans, and consultant recommendations, a list of measures to reduce emissions was developed. These measures address emissions in five sectors: Energy, Transportation and Land Use, Water, Wastewater, and Solid Waste. The total emissions reduction from all measures in each sector is shown in Table E.1. Table E.1: Summary of CAP Measure Emissions Reduction by Sector Reduction (MTCO,e/Year)* Sectors 202D 2035 Ransportation and Land Use _ - 9,150 73,873 Energy 36,423 47,909 Solid Waste,Water,and Wastewater 9,097 13,811 Total 54,670 135,593 *Metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year The measures in this CAP are projected to accomplish the goals of a 15% reduction in community -wide emissions by 2020 and nearly reach 30% reduction by 2035. It is anticipated that new policy and technology options for reducing emissions will become available before 2035; the CAP will be updated periodically to meet the 2035 goal. The CAP measures affecting municipal operations are projected to accomplish both the 30% reduction by 2020 goal and the 40% reduction by 2035 goal. The implementation plan and anticipated start dates for each measure are presented in Chapter 4. Suggestions for using resources more efficiently at home and at work are provided in Chapter 5. Reaching the emissions reduction goals will require residents, businesses, and City government to work together. The result will be reduced traffic congestion, improved air quality, lower energy use and cost, and improved quality of life for the entire community. 75B -9 This page intentionally left blank 75B -10 This page intentionally left blank 75B -11 Santa Area. Cl[mateAction Plan IlM The City of Santa Ana has a land area of approximately 27 square miles and a population of over 335,000. It is the third most densely populated city in California and the 57th most - populous city in the United States. Santa Ana is located in the heart of Orange County with City, County, State, and Federal government agencies headquartered near the historic downtown. This Climate Action Plan (CAP) represents the City of Santa Ana's commitment to improv- ing quality of life by reducing carbon pollution, both from its own operations and from the community as a whole. By completing this CAP, Santa Ana joins many other communities in California and throughout the United States that have acknowledged not only that climate action and economic prosperity can coexist, but that efforts to reduce carbon pollution can strongly support the local economy by cutting costs, creating jobs, and attracting investment. More efficient use of energy decreases utility and transportation costs for residents, busi- nesses, and City government, In addition to the direct benefits of these savings, money not spent on energy is more likely to be spent at local businesses and added to the local economy. Moreover, retrofitting homes and businesses to be more efficient creates local jobs for contractors in building testing, insu- lating, air sealing, and installation of energy efficient or renewable energy equipment. 75B -13 Many of the transportation - related measures in this plan increase opportunities for walk- ing and bicycling, and promote the creation of walkable spaces. These increased oppor- tunities are good for residents' health; and walkable spaces increase quality of life and bring economic benefits to local businesses through increased customers. Reducing energy and fossil fuel use also improves air quality, reducing the negative impacts of pol- lution on health. Using electricity and water more efficiently can help support the supply infrastructure, making these systems more resilient. For example, when energy demand is high and supply is short, power interruptions can sometimes be the result. Lowering energy use during peak demand periods reduces the risk of power interruptions and the economic losses associated with such interruptions. By reducing energy use and pollution, Santa Ana also contributes to reducing greenhouse �6 chapter 1 Introduction gas (GHG) emissions. GHG emissions have the potential to adversely affect the environ- ment because they contribute, on a cumula- tive basis, to climate change. Climate change is increasing the weather- related risks faced by communities across the country, including Santa Ana. Major risks to southern California inland areas include extreme heat waves, which can impact both human health and infrastructure, and a less reliable water supply. Legislative overview State -level policies in California serve as regulatory drivers for action at the local government level. California has adopted a wide variety of regulations aimed at reducing the state's GHG emissions. Key legislation pertaining to California GHG reduction targets is described below. f . e . l IZZMEM California passed the Global Warming Solu- tions Act, also known as Assembly Bill 32 (AB 32), in 2005. This bill charged the California Air Resources Board (CARB) with implement- ing a comprehensive statewide program to reduce GHG emissions. AB 32 established the following GHG emissions reduction targets for the state of California: • 2000 levels by 2010 • 1990 levels by 2020 These targets apply to statewide emissions across all sectors of the economy. AB 32 does not require that individual local governments reduce their community emissions to these levels nor does it require that local govern- ments adopt climate action plans. However, the AB 32 Scoping Plan, prepared by CARB to map out strategies for reaching the AB 32 targets, does identify an important role for lo- cal governments in implementing many of the strategies. While impacts are now beginning to appear, they are projected to intensify throughout the twenty -first century, with costly consequences if no action is taken. To slow down and ulti- mately reverse climate change, organizations in every sector of the economy and all levels of government will need to implement new policies to create more efficient, cleaner, and safer communities. This CAP is the City's next step along that path. Senate Bill 375 (SB 375) enhances California's ability to reach its AB 32 targets by promoting good planning through its goal of develop- ing more sustainable communities. SB 375 requires CARB to develop regional GHG emis- sions reduction targets for passenger ve- hicles. CARB has established regional targets for 2020 and 2035 for each region covered by one of the state's 18 metropolitan plan- ning organizations. The targets for the South- ern California Association of Governments (SLAG), where Santa Ana is located, are 8% below 2005 levels by 2020, and 13% below 2005 levels by 2035. The Regional Council of the Southern California Association of Gov- ernments (SCAG) adopted the 2012 -2035 Regional Transportation Plan /Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP /SCS): Towards a Sustainable Future. Many of the measures in this CAP help to implement strategies from the RTP /SCS in the City of Santa Ana. Executive Order S -3 -05 Executive Order S -3 -05, issued by Governor Schwarzenegger, reinforces the targets estab- lished in both AB 32 and SB 375 and also sets a schedule for reporting both the measured impacts of climate change upon California's natural environment and the emissions reduc- tion efforts undertaken by a myriad of state, regional, and local groups. Executive Order S -3 -05 also establishes an additional GHG 75B -14 5antaAna climate Action Plan' reduction target of 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. California Environmental Quality Act and Senate Bill 97 California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires public agencies to evaluate the envi- ronmental impacts of discretionary develop- ment plans and projects in their jurisdictions. Senate Bill 97, passed in 2007, directed the Governor's Office of Planning and Research to develop and recommend new guidelines to analyze GHG impacts under CEQA. The CEQA guidelines were updated in March 2010 to require analysis of climate change in CEQA documents. Many jurisdictions are finding that climate change impacts from local govern- ment activities are "significant" under CEQA, and are identifying emissions reduction targets and Climate Action Plans as mitigation 75B -15 measures to reduce climate change impacts to less- than - significant levels. Local Government Action Many communities throughout the United States are taking responsibility for plan- ning reductions in energy use and emis- sions. Through proactive measures in land use, transportation, energy efficiency, green building, waste diversion, and more, local governments help residents and businesses save money while improving quality of life and reducing emissions in their communities. In 2007, the City of Santa Ana signed the U.S. Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement, com- mitting to reduce GHG emissions. Santa Ana, in addition to more than 1,000 local govern- ments worldwide, joined ICLEI — Local Gov- ernments for Sustainability ( ICLEI), an asso- 8 ciation for local governments where members share knowledge and successful strategies toward increasing local sustainability.' ICLEI members represent the most forward - thinking and adept local governments that are work- ing to make their communities more livable, prosperous, and environmentally sound. ICLEI provides a framework and methodology for local governments to identify and reduce GHG emissions, organized along Five Mile- stones (also shown in Figure 1.1): 1. Conduct an inventory and forecast of lo- cal greenhouse gas emissions; 2. Establish greenhouse gas emissions re- duction targets; 3. Develop a climate action plan for achiev- ing the emissions reduction targets; 4. Implement the climate action plan; and, 1 Introduction 5. Monitor and report on progress. This CAP represents completion of Milestone 3. Chapter 4 of this CAP lays out strategies for Santa Ana to use in completing Milestones 4 and 5. This CAP builds upon a well - developed body of goals and policies in the Santa Ana Gen- eral Plan, including the Energy Element that was first created in 1982. The Energy Ele- ment identified goals to "reduce consumption of non - renewable energy" and to "support development and utilization of new energy sources." The City is in the process of up- dating the Circulation Element of the Gen- eral Plan, which includes Complete Streets policies to bring the City in compliance with Figure 1.1: ICLEI's Five Milestones Milestone -� One Inventory -GHG Emissions Milestone Milestone Five Two Monitor & Establish Verify Results Reduction II Target Commitment i' Leadership Milestone �+ Milestone Four Three Implement Develop Climate - Policies &Measures Action Plan ICLEI was formerly known as the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives, the name has been changed to ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainabllity, http: / /www.ioteiusa.org 75B -16 Santa Ana Ofmate, Actfon Plan the Complete Streets Act. The transportation actions in this CAP have been aligned with the latest updates to the General Plan Circula- tion Element. In addition, by promoting jobs in areas such as energy efficiency retrofits, the CAP supports the Economic Develop- ment Element goal to "increase employment opportunities for local residents." And the CAP measures that reduce City energy costs support the goal of "keeping taxes and fees at a fair level competitive with those of compa- rable communities." Because the CAP will require approval of cer- tain discretionary actions by the City, the CAP is subject to CEQA. It is anticipat- ed that the CAP will not have a sig- nificant effect on the environment. 44 sj The City plans to prepare an Initial Study and file a Negative Declaration IS finding that the project will not have a significant effect on the environment. Santa Ana Sustainability Leadership and Accomplishments In addition to the leadership demonstrated through signing the Mayors' Climate Protec- tion Agreement and partnering with ICLEI, Santa Ana has already taken steps to reduce energy use and emissions? These actions ad- dress both the City -owned operations and the wider community. Furthermore, Santa Ana's baseline inventory shows that per- capita com- munity emissions are already well below those of peer communities in California. Community -wide Initiatives At the community scale, several initiatives are underway that improve quality of life in Santa Ana while reducing carbon pollution. Collec- tively, these initiatives reduce emissions by 27,238 metric tons of carbon dioxide equiva- lent (MTCOze) /year. The following describes some of these programs. Transportation and Land Use Plans Within the transportation and land use sector there are several measures that are currently planned for, but have yet to be implemented: The Santa Ana Regional Transit Center (SARTC) is a focal point of transportation in Orange County and co- locates Amtrak, Metrolink, Orange County Transit Authority, intercity and interstate bus transportation, and taxi services. Santa Ana received $3 million in grant funds for two transit improvement projects — the SARTC Master Plan and the Santa Ana Boulevard Grade Separation. The SARTC Master Plan is completed and includes design of a transportation facility, expanded parking facility, and infrastructure to support a fixed guideway system, streetcar, and bus rapid transit. The Santa Ana Boulevard Grade Separation will improve pedestrian and bicycle user safety, and reduce traffic congestion along Santa Ana Boulevard. It includes a railroad bridge that will accommodate a multi -modal corridor for pedestrian, bicycle, and fixed guideway components. This commitment to long- range, sustainable planning was one factor in the selection of Santa Ana as a major transportation grant recipient. Throughout this section, the emissions reduction figures were calculated using the most up -to -date data available as of September 2014. 75B -17 10 • The City is currently in the process of drafting a Pedestrian Master Plan and updating its existing Bicycle Master Plan. Combined, the Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan outlines and prioritizes future active transportation improvements. • The Transit Zoning Code, adopted in June of 2010, provided new zoning for over 400 acres in Santa Ana's downtown core. The new zoning supports compact develop- ment that is transit - friendly and allows for a mix of uses that will place housing closer to transit and jobs. The first proj- ects developed under the new zoning will create over 120 units of new infill develop- ment within a 1 -mile radius of the SARTC. This new housing represents a range of high - quality, compact development from row housing to courtyard -style apart- ments. Many of these new units will be marketed as affordable housing. Other areas allowing mixed use and higher density near transit include the Metro East Mixed Use Overlay Zone east of the SARTC. The Harbor Mixed Use Transit Corridor Specific Plan allows for 2,000 new residential units and mixed Table 1.1: SCE Program Impacts Program Name SCE Small and Medium Business Direct Install Residential Energy Efficiency Kits Energy Star Qualified Refrigerator Rebates Residential Lamp Exchange LED Holiday Light Exchange Residential CFL Bulbs Giveaway Elementary School Living Wise Program Total 1 Introduction units along a Bus Rapid Transit line and adjacent to the proposed Garden Grove/ Santa Ana Fixed Guideway. The General Plan Land Use Element designates a total of seven areas of the City as mixed use District Centers. District centers are to be developed to provide shopping, business, cultural, education, recreation, entertain- ment, and housing opportunities, and the most intense development in the City is targeted to those areas. Energy Many building efficiency M measures have been brought about through a successful partnership with Southern California Edison (SCE) business and residential programs. The actions that have been employed are diverse depending on the specific program, but because these have been carried out through the utility partnership, reliable estimates of energy savings are available. The total reduction resulting from these programs is estimated at 7,517 MTCOZe/ year. Table 1.1 contains a summary of these actions along with the associated emissions reduction for each. Annual kWh Saved Emissions Reduced (MTCOze/Year) 21,143,400 6,051 2,287,550 655 1,401,859 401 1,120,207 172 388„470 111 361,375 103 84,000 24 26,786,870 7,517 75B -18 Santa Arta Cifatate Action Plan In addition to the retrofits from SCE programs, natural gas retrofits were accomplished through similar programs from the Southern Table 1.2: SCG Program Impacts California Gas Company (SCG). Those pro- grams are reducing an estimated 8,362 MT- 0O2e /year and are summarized in Table 1.2. Program Name Annual Therms Saved Emissions Reduced (MTCO,e /Year) Commercial 1,019,806 5,411 Single Family 258,112 1,370 Multi Family 241,924 1,284 Mobile Home 55,931 297 Total 1,575,773. 8,362 Weatherization is another program that has reduced emissions from residential energy use. The Weatherization program delivered through the Community Action Partnership and funded through Federal grants reached 3,291 low- income households with weather - ization assistance since 2008. Actions taken in homes can include combinations of a num- ber of energy savings measures, such as seal- ing air ducts, insulating, glazing windows, and tuning up or replacing air conditioning and heating equipment. The combined electric- ity and natural gas savings from this program result in an estimated emissions reduction of 1,553 MTCO2e /year. Finally, new solar energy installations on homes and businesses are also reducing emissions. According to the Go -Solar Califor- nia website, 11.9 MW of solar capacity has been installed in Santa Ana since 2008. These installations are estimated to produce an emissions reduction of 5,751 MTCO2e /year.3 Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater The City of Santa Ana has an exemplary recycling program AM with an overall diversion rate AM of 67 %. A comparison of diversion rates from 2008 and IV 51 2011 shows an incremental reduction of landfilled waste that translates to an emissions reduction of 2,060 MTCOze/ year.4 The most significant portion of the total reduction is achieved from diversion of green waste from the landfill, as this reduces a high proportion of landfill emissions. The extraction, delivery, and treatment of water consume large amounts of energy. By conserving water, energy consumption is also reduced. Within the City of Santa Ana, large volumes of water are conserved an- nually through SoCal Water$mart and other programs that provide incentives from the Metropolitan Water District such as irriga- tion controllers, ultra -low flush toilets, clothes s It is likely that this number underestimates the total slightly due to the fact that Go -Solar California only tracks installations that occurred as part of the California Solar Initiative rebate program. Total electricity generated from these systems was calculated using the average annual kWh production per kW installed capacity of 1,678 for systems in the South Coast Air District. 4 This assumes that the waste characterization (percentage of different waste types) and total generation in 2011 were the same as those reported for 2008. s For the calculation of this measure, water conserved was converted to energy consumption using the same values for water use intensity as were used in the baseline inventory. Source: CEO. 2006, Refining Estimates of Water - Related Energy Use in California prepared by Navigant Consulting, Inc. 9 The estimated energy intensity to supply recycled water in the Los Angeles area is 1,841 kWh /million gallons, compared with 11,110 kWh /million gallons for potable water used in outdoor applications. Source: Navigant Consulting. 2008. The Role of Recycled Water in Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Reduction. Table 4 -13 75B -19 iv washers, etc. The estimated total emissions reduction from water conservation programs in Santa Ana is 1,853 MTCOze /year.5 In addi- tion, since 2008, Santa Ana has progressively increased the volume of reclaimed water used in non- potable applications by 53.4 million gallons, from 62.3 to 115.7 million gallons. Each gallon of reclaimed water saves energy because it was not pumped from outside state water sources like some of the potable water is, and because it will be used for nonpotable applications, less energy intensive water treatment is needed. The total energy savings is estimated to be 494,928 kWh /year, resulting in an emissions reduction of 142 MTCOze /year.e Santa Ana uses 64 gallons of water per capita per day, among the lowest in Orange County which averages approximately 128 gallons per day. Municipal Operations Actions The City of Santa Ana has implemented several changes to its own operations that are leading by example and saving taxpayer dollars. LED Street Lighting Santa Ana has reported saving an annual 1,267,531 kWh /year by replacing 1,262 high pressure sodium fixtures with LED fixtures. The new fixtures are reducing emissions by 365 MTCOze /year. In addition to reduced 1 Introduction energy consumption, the lifetime of LED lights is considerably longer than many other types of lighting and can reduce replacement costs. LED fixtures can also provide greater direc- tionality for outdoor lighting thereby reducing light pollution. American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 The City received American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) funds for energy efficient improvements such as lighting and heating and air conditioning systems at City facilities and parks. These projects reduce electricity use by 1,255,864 kWh /year and save Santa Ana taxpayers over $100,000/ year. The resulting emissions reduction is 362 MTCOze /year. Water Wells Motor Efficiency Upgrade Energy efficient motors were recently installed at many City water wells, saving over one mil- lion kWh /year. The resulting emissions reduc- tion from this action is 461 MTCO2e /year. The Santa Ana groundwater wells are known for producing some of the best tasting water in the country, and do so with a reduced envi- ronmental impact. Alternative Fuel Vehicle Policy The South Coast Air Quality Management District Rule 1191 requires City vehicles operators to acquire low- emitting gasoline or alternative -fuel vehicles to reduce air toxic and criteria pollutants emissions. The City is meeting this Rule through its Alter- native Fuel Vehicle Policy to reduce emissions through the purchase of hybrid vehicles and vehicles powered by CNG, electricity, and propane. The City currently has 51 alternative fuel vehicles in its fleet, including 20 electric and 21 hybrid vehicles. The City's infrastruc- ture consists of CNG fueling and electric charging stations. In 2016, the City will add public access electric charging stations. 75B -20 This page intentionally left blank 75B -21 Santa Ana Climate Action Flan Inventory Overview The first step toward reducing GHG emissions is to identify baseline levels of emissions in the community. For local governments, it is helpful to look at two sets of emissions: community -wide and municipal operations emissions. Municipal operations emissions are a subset of community - wide emissions, as shown in Figure 2.1. The City has indirect ability to influence many sources and activities producing community -wide emissions, while it has more direct control over municipal operations emissions. An inventory was conducted of Santa Ana community -wide and municipal operations emissions from calendar year 2008. Figure 2.1: Relationship between Community -wide and Municipal Operations Emissions The municipal operations inventory is in accordance with the Local Government Operations Protocol 7A US Community Protocol' for community -wide emissions accounting was released in October 2012, after the completion of this inventory, but this inventory is compliant with the Community Protocol. The inventory was conducted using ICLEI's Clean Air and Climate Protection (CACP) software. http: / /www.loleiusa.org/ tools /ghg- protocol /local - govern ment- operations - protocol -1 / local- govern ment- operations - protocol 6 http: / /www.iclelusa.org/ tools /ghg- protocol /community - protocol 75B -23 16 chapter 2 Emissions Inventory, Forecasts, and Goals Under the Community Protocol, communities can choose one or more frameworks to look at emissions. This inventory uses the "Local Government Significant Influence" frame, which includes those emissions sources and activities that the City government has significant ability to influence through regulation, incentives, or other measures. In 2008, emissions from these sources and activities in Santa Ana were approximately 1.96 million metric tons of COZe (MMTCO,e). As shown in Figure 2.2 and Table 2.1, the largest sector in the community -wide inventory is the transportation and land use sector, which accounts for 48% of emissions. Commercial /industrial energy use is next at 29% of emissions. Table 2.1: 2008 Community -wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Sector MTCO,e % of Total COl Transportation and Land Use 943,033 48% Commercial / Industrial Energy Use 565,681 29% Residential Energy Use 249,834 13% Solid Waste Generation 55,193 3% Water 86,231 2 % Wastewater 30,2.23 1 % Other 79,236 4 °% Total 1,959,431 100% Figure 2.2:2008 Community-wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Li Transportation and Land Use 48% Commercial/ Industrial Energy Use 29% Residential Energy Use 13% M Solid Waste - Generation 3% IN Water 2% H Wastewater 1 % Other 4% 75B -24 Santa Ana Climate Acxtion Flan' Per- capita Emissions Emissions are often standardized based on population to produce a per- capita emissions estimate. Applying the City's 2008 population, baseline emissions were approximately 5.5 MTCOze per person. This is significantly less than the per- capita emissions level of nearby cities such as Laguna Beach in 1990 was 13.0, Mission Viejo in 2008 was 7.25, and Aliso Viejo in 2008 was 7.1 MTCOZe per person. The City of Los Angeles, in 2004 had emissions of 13.5 MTCOze per person .9 Community-wide Emissions Forecast Community -wide GHG emissions were projected for 2020 and 2035 under a business -as -usual (BALI) scenario. The community -wide BALI scenario estimates future trends in transportation, energy, solid waste, water and wastewater based on SCAG forecasts of population, housing, and employment for the City, and assumes that historic trends in energy consumption and waste generation continue. Future vehicle miles traveled are estimated from a travel demand model, consistent with the Orange County subregional Sustainable Communities Strategy.t0 Forecast emissions by sector are shown in Figure 2.3 and Table 2.2. Overall, community - wide emissions are estimated to increase by 5% by 2020 and 11 % by 2035. The largest emissions increase would occur within the Figure 2.3:2008 Community -wide Emissions Forecasts by Sector 2.5 _.... 0 v � 0.5 0 2008 2020 2035 Other i Wastewater Water * Solid Waste Generation Residential Energy Use Commercial /Industrial Energy Use Transportation and Land Use 10 City of Los Angeles 2007. GREEN LA -An Action Plan to Lead the Nation In Fighting Global Warming. Available at: http: 0www. ei. la. ca .us /ead /pdf /GmenLA_CAP_2007.pdf 75B -25 18 __.. chapter 2 Emissions Inventory, Forecasts, and Goals Table 2.2: Community -wide Business -as -Usual Emissions Forecasts % Change %Annual % Change Annual 2008 2020 2035 from 2008 Growth Rate from from 2008 Growth Rate Sector MTCO2e MTCO,e MTCO2e to 2020 2008 to 2020 to 2035 2008 to 2035 Transportation and Land Use 943,033 999,732 1,093,632 6% .029% 16% 0.28% Commercial / Industrial Energy 565,681 589,476 591,972 4% 0.28% 5% 0.03% Residential Energy 249,894 265,459 268,463 6% 0,41% 7% 008% Solid Waste 55,193 58,645 59,309 6% 0.41% 7% 0.08% Water 36;231 37,313 37,477 3% 0.33% 3% 0103% Wastewater 30,223 32,113 32,477 6% 0.41% 7% 0.08% Other 79,236 82,526 84,420 4% 0,31% 7% 0.17% TOTAL 1,959,431 2,065,263 2,167,750 5% 11% * Sectors may not add to the totals due to rounding. transportation and land use sector, which is estimated to increase 6% by 2020, and 16% by 2035. Municipal Operations Baseline Emissions Municipal operations during 2008 accounted for approximately 1.6% of total community - wide GHG emissions, totaling 32,410 MTCO2e. The largest source of municipal emissions was energy consumption within the buildings and facilities sector, which accounted for 30% of all municipal emissions (Figure 2.4 and Table 2.3). This 2008 baseline includes street lights that are currently operated by SCE, but will be acquired by the City. SCE provided electricity consumption data in kilowatt -hours per year for 2008. SCG provided natural gas consumption data in therms per year for 2008. The City provided total fuel consumption and vehicle miles Figure 2.4:2008 Municipal Operations Greenhouse Gas Emissions ['b Buildings and Facilities 30% Employee Commute 13% Government - generated Solid Waste 12°% tg Water and Wastewater Transport 10% 0 Public Lighting 24°% IN Vehicle Fleet 8% +:- Water Use 1 % ❑ Wastewater 0% 75B -26 Santa Ana Climate Action Plan Table 2.3: 2008 Municipal Operations Greenhouse Gas Emissions Sector kWh MTCO,e % of Total CO,e* Buildings and Facilities 30,096,817 9,830 30% Public Lighting 15,942,280 7,777 24% Employee Commute — 4,280 13% Government - Generated Solid Waste — 4,012 12% Water and Wastewater Transport 11,639,798 3,351 10% Vehicle Fleet — 2,730 8% Water — 274 1% Wastewater — 156 0% Totals 57,678,895 32,410 100% * Sectors may not add to the totals due to rounding. traveled (VMT) data for the City vehicle fleet in 2009, which was used as a proxy year for 2008. Orange County vehicle emissions factors from the EMFAC database were used and CO2 emissions were converted to CO2e by dividing by 0.95 (accounting for CH, and N,O). Community- and municipal - generated solid waste data was provided by the City. The City municipal staff has decreased significantly in recent years, and may decrease further in coming years. Because of this trend it was assumed that no growth The City of Santa Ana has established a goal to reduce community -wide emissions 15% by 2020. This goal will be measured against the 2008 baseline emissions of 1.96 MMTCO,e, The City's energy savings goal by 2020 is a reduction of 70 million kWh /year from 2008 baseline community usage. In addition, Santa Ana has established a goal to reduce community -wide emissions 30% by 2035. The energy savings goal by 2035 is 100 million kWh/ year. To meet the City's 2020 goal of 15% below 2008 baseline emissions, Santa Ana would need To effectively plan for meeting these goals, it is important to consider the impact that actions from the State of California will likely have on local emissions. Actions such as the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) and vehicle fuel economy regulations will have a 75B -27 would occur in municipal operations; therefore BAU municipal operations emissions in 2020 and 2035 are expected to be the same as in 2008. a reduction of 400,000 MTCOZe. To meet the City's 2035 goal of 30% below 2008 baseline emissions, Santa Ana will need a reduction of 800,000 MTCOZe. For municipal operations emissions, the City has established goals of 30% reduction by 2020 and 40% reduction by 2035. A reduction of 9,700 MTCO,e is needed to reach the 30% municipal operations goal, and a reduction of 13,000 MTCOZe is needed to reach the 40% goal. The municipal operations energy saving goals are 15 million kWh /year by 2020 and 20 million kWh/year by 2035. far reaching impact reducing emissions. This reduction, combined with the reduction from measures already implemented by the City that are identified in Chapter 1, provides the starting point for the new actions that will be identified in Chapter 3. 20 chapter 2 Emissions Inventory, Forecasts, and Goals The RPS" will reduce the emissions generated from every kWh of electricity consumed. To calculate the impact of this action, future year emissions factors of the RPS were applied to projected EAU electricity consumption. The emissions reduction from the RPS for 2020 and 2035 is presented in Table 2.4. Table 2.4: Santa Ana Emissions Reduction from the State RPS Year 2020 2035 Reduced Emissions (MTCOze/Year) 182,020 182,762 Vehicle Fuel Efficiency In addition to systematic changes in the electricity grid, large scale changes in the emissions impact of transportation are underway as a result of increasing fuel economy of passenger vehicles from the Pavley regulation S.12 The Pavley regulations are projected to have approximately the same impact on calendar -year fuel economies as national Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. The emissions reduction from the Pavley regulations for 2020 and 2035 is presented in Table 2.5. Table 2.5: Santa Ana Emissions Reduction from the Pavley Regulations Year 2020 2035 Reduced Emissions (MTCO2e/Year) ...130,308 335,939 Combined Impact The combined impact of the RPS and vehicle efficiency standards will result in a substantial reduction in emissions in Santa Ana. The total reduction from these measures, in addition to the reduction from the existing measures and transportation plans discussed in Chapter 1, is presented in Figure 2.5. It is important to note that this part of the analysis assumes both the RPS and Pavley standards will be fully implemented as planned. As displayed in Figure 2.5, state mandates will play a very important part in moving Santa Ana toward its emissions reduction goals. Two additional factors are important contributors to the emissions reduction seen in the adjusted forecast: the significant actions already undertaken by Santa Ana, and the fact that Santa Ana is mostly built out and has only modest projected increases in population and employment. Other communities, particularly those with higher projected population and employment growth rates, may not have such a favorable adjusted forecast. This adjusted forecast positions Santa Ana to make a substantial reduction below baseline by implementing the new measures described in Chapter 3 of the CAP. " Southern California Council of Governments 2011. http: / /rtpscs.scag.ca,gov /Documents /2012 /draft /SR/ 2012dRTP _SubregionalSustainablecomm unitiesStrategies.pdf 12 For more information on Pavley standards see http:// www.arb.ca.gov /cc /ccros /ccros.htm 75B -28 Santa Ana Climate Action Plan Figure 2.5: Adjusted Forecast U State 2.2 Mandates Santa Ana 2.1 Existing Measures - Santa Ana 2.0 Transportation and Land Use 1.9 Plans w 0 15% by 2020 c 1.8 0 30% by 2035 1.7 N 00 1.0 H 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 Looking Ahead W O N 0 0 0 0 N N N This CAP is a living document that will evolve and respond as new opportunities for reducing GHG emissions in Santa Ana are discovered. Already there are transportation and land use projects in development that will boost future emissions reduction. The design phase has begun for the Orange County (OC) Streetcar, a clean electric transit mode for transit - dependent commuters within Santa Ana. It will provide last -mile connectivity from the Metrolink Transit Corridor to businesses, job centers, and activity nodes. The OC 75B -29 0 0 0 0 N N N N Streetcar will be the first fixed -rail transit system in Orange County. Another project in development is Non - Motorized Connectivity, a sidewalk and ramp inventory analysis and improvement plan that provides for safer, more comfortable pathways. Increasing pedestrian trips will reduce GHG emissions over time. Additionally, the Bike Master Plan is in development as part of the Circulation Element update. The Plan will identify opportunities for safe, connected, on and off street bike paths and trails. The expected increase in bike mobility will reduce GHG emissions. This page intentionally left blank 75B -30 This page intentionally left blank 75B -31 tY F f iii''# fv f�i �" 1 • � d �4 "r r T f �f. x c ,4.. -r � r• h' .Yi fr t -r ✓• r€ ,: t t 11 # #1 ON t i�z f SantaArraC@mate,Actlon Plan Climate Action r a Measures . w M The measures in this Climate Action Plan were developed by ICLEI with input from Santa Ana City staff, from public engagement sessions, and through review of climate action plans of other cities in the region. An initial public engagement session was held in March, 2012, where participants suggested emissions reduction measures they would like to see included in the CAP. The measures on this initial list were then analyzed for feasibility and vetted with City staff. Once a working list of measures was arrived at, the emissions reduction for each was calculated. A key requirement was that the measures collectively bring Santa Ana to the emissions reduction goal of 15% below year 2008 by 2020. The working list of measures was presented to key stakeholders and to the public in additional workshops in July 2014. Feedback from these sessions was incorporated, resulting in the measures included in the CAP. The CAP measures reduce emissions in five (combined). The overall reduction expected sectors: Transportation and Land Use; Energy; from the CAP measures in each sector is and Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater shown in Table 3.1. Table 3.1: Summary of CAP Measure Emissions Reduction by Sector Sectors Transportation and Land Use Energy Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater Total 75B -33 Reduction (MTCO2eNear) 2020 2035 9;150 73,873: 36,423 47,909 9,097 :.13,811 54,670 135,593 26 chapter 3 Climate Action Plan Measures The measures in this CAP are projected to accomplish the goal of a 15% reduction in community -wide emissions by 2020, and to nearly reach the 30% reduction by 2035 goal, as shown in Figure 3.1. It is anticipated that new policy and technology options for reducing emissions may become available Figure 3,1: Emissions Reduction Goals and Reduction Achieved by CAP * Pavley Fuel Efficiency State FPS 9 Energy ® Transportation and Land Use Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater "y° 15-A by 2020 0 30% by 2035 See Appendix A for summary of total emissions reduction from CAP measures, existing measures and state mandates. 2.2_ 2.1 2.0 1.9 c 2 13 E 1.7 N 0 1.6 Imo" 1.4 1.3 1.2 before 2035; the CAP will need to be updated and additional measures may need to be added to meet the 2035 goal. The CAP measures affecting municipal operations are projected to accomplish both the 30% reduction by 2020 goal and the 40% reduction by 2035 goal. W o ur o in °0 0 0 0 0 N N N N N 75B -34 v �n 0 0 N cu Santa Etna Climate Action Ptah'': 1 Measures are defined as separate and distinct actions to reduce energy consumption, vehicle miles, water use or waste; or to substitute renewable energy for fossil fuels. Calculation of the energy savings and emissions reduction from each measure starts with a projection of the activity affected, such as the number of homes or square footage of commercial space made more efficient, or a percent reduction in overall vehicle -miles for the community. This number is multiplied by the energy savings per home or other unit to Description Type of Measure Emissions Reduction In 2020 Emissions Reduction in 2035 Co- benefits cost to City Private Cast Potential Funding Sources Ease of Implementation determine the overall energy savings. Finally, energy savings are multiplied by an emissions factor per kWh, gallon of gasoline, or other energy unit. Each measure is presented on a separate page, which includes a general description as well as a table providing a summary of the emissions reduction, costs and co- benefits of the measure. Explanation of this table is provided below. Explanation /Available Options Voluntary, Incentivized, City Ordinance (applies to community measures only), State Mandate. Estimated emissions reduction Estimated emissions reduction Reduced energy cost (may be to City, businesses, or residents); improved air quality; improved health; reduced water use; reduced waste generation; improved public realm. None, Low, Low - Mediums Medium -High, High. Note: these refer to up- front, not net costs. Where funds will come from to Implement measure This only applies to the City. How easy or difficult is It for the City to implement the measure: Easy Medium, Difficult. 75B -35 28 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Measures ,« «; Transportation accounted for 48% of MTCOze /year by 2020 and 73,873 MTCOZe/ community emissions in 2008. Collectively, year by 2035, as identified in Table 3.2. the measures identified in this section are Detailed descriptions of each measure are estimated to reduce those emissions by 9,150 provided on the following pages. Table 3.2: Transportation and Land Use Measures Summary 75B -36 Reduction (MTCO,e /Year) Name 2020 2035 Development of Local Retail Service Nodes 916 14,660 Local Residential Nodes Near Retail and Employment 916 14,660 Traffic Signal Synchronization Program 2,504 5,864 Local Employment Nodes Near Residential and Retail Areas 366 5,864 End of Trip Facilities in Now Projects 366 6,864 Safe Routes to Schools 2,129 4,984 Design Guidelines for External Bike /Pedestrian/Transit Connectivity 311 4,984 Design Guidelines for Internal Bike /Pedestrian/Transit Connectivity 311 4,984 Adjust Parking Ratios 311 4,984 Community -wide Bike Sharing Stations 311 4,984 Municipal Operations Measure 709 2,041 Total 9,150 73,873 75B -36 Santa Ana Climate Action Plan Currently about half of the 97 Transportation Analysis Zones within the City have no retail uses. Development that provides a mix of housing, commercial space, services, and job opportunities close to public transportation reduces dependency on cars and time spent in traffic, and more closely links residents to jobs and services. Providing local serving retail can reduce the need to drive for retail needs. Employment areas that include retail services also experience higher levels of public transit usage since workers are able to commute by transit from their homes, with services to meet their mid -day shopping and eating needs in a comfortable walking distance. Transportation & Land Use For this measure, the City will develop an incentive program to encourage more local retail development. This incentive program will be referenced in an update of the Zoning Code; incentives might include reductions in parking requirements and other related policy changes. Implementing this strategy will require both staff time and the assistance of outside consultants. 75B -37 Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction In 2020 916 MTCOze Emissions Reduction In 2035 14,660 MTCOze Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost - residents; improved air quality; improved health; improved public realm Cost to City Low to Medium Private Cost Medium to High .1-1 .... . . ........... . ........................... Potential Funding Sources General Fund .................... ............................... Ease of Implementation Medium 30 Transportation & Land Use 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Type of Measure Many of the commercial and employment corridors throughout zed Ineem.v.. ..................... ........ nti. the City have limited or no residential development. This Emissions Reduction strategy envisions that the City would locate new residential In 2020 development within these retail and employment corridors 916 MTCOze ••••••••••••••.•••••••••••• ..............................• to create a more optimal mix of land uses. This mix of land Emissions Reduction uses could potentially divert some work, shopping, and eating In 2035 trips from automobile use to bicycle and pedestrian travel. 14,660 MTCOze °°°°°.°".°° '°••" °•"• °'•• °•••••"•••• °••.... This higher level of mixed -use is also more conducive to the Co- Benefits increased use of transit. Reduced energy cost — residents; improved air quality; improved The City will develop an incentive program to encourage new health; Improved public realm •°°••••• ° °•• °•• ° ° °.• ° ° °• °•• ° ° °• °. ... ... °° residential projects to locate within these commercial and Cost to city employment corridors. Potential incentives include amending Low to Medium ...................................... ° zoning, density bonuses, reductions in parking requirements, zoning, Private Cost and other similar efforts. These incentives will be referenced in Medium to High .......... I ... I ......... I...... • ..................•. an update of the Zoning Code and other related documents. Potential Funding Sources General Fund Implementing this strategy will require both staff time and the .......................... ............................... e Ease of Implementation assistance of outside consultants. Medium 75B -38 arRaAuaClInnate Ac i Plan Transportation & Land Use Q Corridors with synchronized and coordinated traffic signals tend to have shorter travel times, less delay, and reduced congestion. These factors combined reduce fuel usage and emissions. Historical studies have indicated that signal timing improvements can reduce GHG emissions in a corridor by as much as 10 %. The Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) has an on- going program to implement traffic signal coordination and synchronization along major corridors throughout Orange County. For this measure, the City will identify five additional corridors beyond those implemented by OCTA, where traffic signal synchronization will be implemented. The City will be responsible for the planning, design, and construction of these improvements to complement what OCTA is already committed to providing. This strategy will require capital investment by the City. Traffic signal synchronization within a major corridor can cost upwards of $500,000 for planning, engineering, and construction, based on similar budgets for these projects throughout Orange County. The City will deploy this strategy on lower volume roadways beyond the regional corridors already identified by OCTA, which is estimated to lower the cost to approximately $200,000 per Corridor, or $1,000,000 for the measure as a whole. It is possible that some of this funding could be obtained through grants and other agencies, but it is likely that the implementation of this strategy would require some level of investment. 75B -39 Type of Measure Voluntary Emissions Reduction In 2020 2,504 MTCCze Emissions Reduction in 2035 5,864 MTCCze Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost — residents; improved air quality; improved health Cost to City Medium to High ................... ............................... Private Cost None ................... ............................... Potential Funding Sources Grants; Measure M funding; General Fund Ease of Implementation Medium 32 Transportation & Land Use Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction in 2020 366 M'rCO,e Emissions Reduction in 2036 5,864 MTCO,e Co-Benefits Reduced energy cost— residents; improved air quality; improved health; improved public realm ... ............................... . ...................... Cost to City Low to Medium Private Cost Medium to High ................... ............................... Potential Funding Sources General Fund ................... ............................... Ease of Implementation Medium 3 Climate Action Plan Measures The relationship between land use form and travel behavior is a key element of current planning initiatives aimed at reducing car travel. Areas with higher levels of mixed -use development including employment, retail, and housing produce lowerVMT than areas where one of these uses predominates. There are several areas of the City that are predominantly residential, with little or no employment. The City will create an incentive program to encourage additional employment within or adjacent to residential areas. It is anticipated that this employment will occur through the development of small businesses within these residential areas such as live /work units, small professional service offices, and other similar types of uses. Potential incentives could include parking variances, reductions in building and permit fees, amending zoning districts to allow neighborhood commercial, and other related items. 75B -40 [Santa Rna 0limate Action Rtans Transportation & Land Use End of trip facilities can include bike lockers, showers, and Type of Measure changing rooms. These facilities often are used by cyclists and Ordinance can encourage cycling use, particularly for work. Emissions Reduction In 2020 The City will amend its Municipal Code to require the ash MTCOze placement of end of trip facilities in new office and larger retail ....................... ............................... Emissions Reduction buildings meeting certain criteria (for example, those larger in 2035 than 25,000 square feet). The City will perform additional .5,864 MTCOze analysis to determine the appropriate criteria. co- Benefits Reduced energy cost - residents; Improved air quality; improved health Cost to City Medium to High ............................ . . . .................... Private Cost Medium .......... ..... ...................... I............. Potential Funding Sources General Fund ......... . ......................................... Ease of Implementation Medium 75B -41 34 Transportation & Land Use $e. � ytf pad �anYa fl 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Type of Measure Safe Routes to School is a program funded by the Federal and voluntary ............................... State governments to increase the safety for children walking Emissions Reduction and bicycling to school, and to encourage these modes in 2020 instead of driving, Safe Routes to School activities can include 2,129 MTCOze •••..• ... •••• I.••••.•••.•.• ••.•..•I•.•••••.•..••• °•.•••... improvements to physical infrastructure such as sidewalks Emissions Reduction and bike paths, educational programming, and planning in 2035 needed to implement these strategies. Safe Routes to School 4,984 MTCOze ° °' ° "' °' °""...... " "" " "" " "" """"° can increase physical activity of children, producing health Co- Benefits benefits, and walking or bicycling helps children arrive at Reduced energy cost— residents; improved air quality; improved school with minds alert and ready to learn. In addition, a study health; improved public realm conducted by Marin County, CA found that the implementation ........................... ............................... Cast to City of a Safe Routes to School program reduced single automobile Low usage at schools by 13W13 Private Cost The City of Santa Ana has implemented Safe Routes to School None .......................................................... previously; this strategy involves the preparation of additional Potential Funding Sources Safe Routes to School grants for schools within the City. These Federal and state grants grant applications will be submitted to the existing State and Ease of implementation Federal Safe Routes to School programs, to obtain funding Easy .. ................................. I............. for planning, design, and construction of improvements as specified within the grant applications. Safe Routes to School Program Evaluation, August 2004 75B -42 Santa Ana Crimate Action R(aff Transportation & Land Use One factor which limits use of bicycles, pedestrian routes, and transit facilities is the lack of access and connectivity with development projects. For example, it is not uncommon for multi - family developments to have security fencing which prevents residents from accessing nearby sidewalks and bus stops. This strategy entails the development of access guidelines for new development that specify the level of connectivity from these sites to the external non - automotive network. The City will create guidelines that specify a minimum level of connectivity between various projects and the external transportation network for travel modes other than automobiles. For example, the guidelines might specify minimum spacing for gates or access points along fences for multi - family uses or specify that access has to be provided to any adjacent transit stop. These guidelines will be implemented in the Zoning Code or Citywide Design Guidelines and other applicable documents. 75B -43 Type of Measure Ordinance Emissions Reduction In 2020 311 MTCO,e ........................... ............................... Emissions Reduction In 2038 4,984 MTCO,e Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost - residents; Improved air quality; improved health; Improved public realm Cost to City Low to Medium Private Cost Low ........................... I ....................... Potential Funding Sources General Fund .................... ............................... Ease of Implementation Medium 36 Transportation & Land Use i. IF 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Type of Measure In addition to external connectivity issues, internal bicycle and .......... Ordinan °a ....... ............ a pedestrian connections within a development site are also Emissions Reduction an important factor in facilitating non - automotive travel. The in 2020 level of connectivity relates to the ability to travel within the 311 MTCO,e •.••.••••••••••••••.•.••••. .••..•..•.......•••••.......••. development to other locations without having to use vehicles Emissions Reduction or an external roadway network. Internal connectivity is often in 2036 hindered through the use of fencing to segregate uses within a 4,984 MTCO,e °°°°°°. °. °. ° ° °' ° ° °••'. °"•••'•" °• "•"••' mixed -use site, lack of sidewalks and bicycle connections, and Co- Bonefits Other related Items. Reduced energy cost — residents; Improved air quality; improved The City will create guidelines that address internal site health; improved public realm ••• •• ° °• ° ° ° °. ° ° ° °. ° ° ° °. ... ° °. ° °. .... connectivity within new development sites. Issues that will Cost to city be addressed include fencing or other physical barriers, Low to Medium °• °•••• °•••• °• °•• °•• °••••• °•° ° ° ° °•• ° °° sidewalks, landscaping, and other related items. These Private Cast guidelines will be referenced in the Zoning Code or Citywide Low ••.•••..•.••••.•••••.•••••• ......•••.••.••••..•.••........ Design Guidelines and other applicable documents. Potential Funding Sources General Fund Ease of Implementation Medium 75B -44 Santa Aria climate Action Plan Transportation & Land Use Large amounts of parking indicate a priority for automobile 1Vpe of Measure travel over other modes. In addition, drivers who are unable .Ord.. inance . . . i . . . . . ........................... . to find parking that is readily available are more inclined to Emissions Reduction consider other travel modes instead of driving. This strategy in 2020 311 MTCO,e will reduce the minimum amount of parking required in new ......... ...........................•••• multi - family residential developments by reducing the City's Emissions Reduction existing parking ratios. In 2035 4,984 MTCOze This strategy will be implemented by changing parking Co- Benefits requirements for new projects in the City's Zoning Code. Reduced energy cost — residents; improved air quality; improved health; improved public realm Cost to City Low to Medium Private Cost None ........................................ . . . . . . . . . . . Potential Funding Sources General Fund ................................................... Ease of Implementation Medium 75B -45 38 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Transportation & Land Use Type of Measure Bike sharing stations make bicycles easily available at a v °lUntary ......... low -cost hourly rate. This strategy entails the development Emissions Reduction of bike sharing stations at several locations throughout the in 2020 City including the Santa Ana Regional Transportation Center 871 MTCO¢e .......................... I .....................••••• (SARTC), major bus stop locations, City Hall, and other Emissions Reduction locations. These easily accessible bicycles can extend the trips in 2035 possible through transit, or directly substitute for automobile 4,984 MTCOze ........................... ............................... trips on their own. Co-Benefits Reduced energy cost - residents; Bike sharing will require up -front costs to construct the Improved air quality; improved stations and purchase the bicycles, funding for on -going health; improved public realm ° °• ° ° °• ° ° °. ° ° °. ° ° °° °° ° °. ... ... ... ° ° °. operating costs, and staff time to oversee and implement Cost to City the program. Some portion of the costs could be borne Medium to High • °......••••• °° °...... ° °•••• °•° ° ° ° ° ° °° by a private vendor who would be responsible for the Private Cost operation of the facilities, with both rental fees and potential Low ••••••••••••••••••.•••••••• •••••••.••...•••••..•..•.•..•.• advertising revenue offsetting costs. Based on a review of Potential Funding Sources implementations in Washington, DC and Minneapolis, the Private implementation partner; initial construction cost for six stations will be approximately General Fund °°°°. ° °• °. ... ... ° °. ° °. ... ° °. ... ... ... ° °... $360,000. The City will also be required to allocate some staff Ease of Implementation time on an ongoing basis to oversee the bike sharing system. Medium 75B -46 3arrta Ana pi#eate Aoucra Plan Transportation & Land Use — Municipal Operations Q , The City is in the process of replacing fleet vehicles with Type of Measure hybrid, CNG, electric, and propane fueled vehicles as Mandate replacement is needed. These replacements have been Emissions Reduction supported by grant funds from the Mobile Source Air Pollution in 2020 709 MTCO e Reduction Review Committee. For this measure, replacement •.....•.. ......••.•.••••.•••••.•••••.••. of fleet vehicles will continue with all vehicles expected to be Emissions Reduction in 2035 hybrid, CNG, electric, or propane fueled by 2035. 2,041 MTCOze Co- Sonefits Reduced energy cost —City; improved air quality; improved health Cost to City Medium to High Private Cost None Potential Funding Sources General Fund; Grants .......................... ............................... . Ease of Implementation Medium 75B -47 a0 chapter 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Climate Action Plan Measures Community-wide Energy 1 Commercial, industrial, and residential energy use is responsible for 42% of community - wide emissions in Santa Ana. Collectively, the measures identified in this section are estimated to reduce those emissions by 36,423 MTCOZe /year by 2020 and 47,909 MTCO2e /year by 2035, as identified in Table 3.3. Detailed descriptions of each measure are provided on the following pages. Table 3.3: Energy Measures Summary 75B -48 Reduction Reduction (kWhNear) (MTCO�oNear) Name 2020 2035 2020 2035 Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Financing— Commercial* 15,625,000 31,250,000 3,791 8,458 SCE Small and Medium Business Direct Install * ** 21,143,400 21,143,400 7,793 7,793 Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Financing— Residential *. 6,393,600 22,834,300 1,633 5,833. Solar Photovoltaic- New Private Installs * ** 1,678,000 1,678,000 4,881 4,881 SCE and SCG Residential Programs* 5,643,400 5,643,400 3,965 3,965 Weatherization* 891,860 891,860 3,720 3,720 SCGCommercialPrograms" - 3,280 3,280 Streetlight Purchase and Retrofit * ** 809,310 12,948,950 160 2,556 Benchmarkingand Retrocommfssioning* 2,715,000 3,802,500 1,533 2,147 Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards - Commercial* 698,500 1,496,800 490 1,050 Title 24 Energy efficiency Standards- Residentlal* 2,175,600 4,661,900 329 705 Solar Hot Water Heating Systems for Laundromats ** - - 267 267 Green Business. Challenge Program* 156,000 156,000 78 78 Municipal Operations Measures* 15,259,200 9,240,900 4,503 3,176 Total 73,188,770 115,748,010 36,423 47,909 *Note that emissions reduction from these measures include natural gas and electricity savings. * *Emissions reduction from these measures is due entirely to natural gas savings. ** *Emissions reduction from these measures is due entirely to electricity savings. 75B -48 I Santa Ana GBmata Action Plan: Community -wide Energy Measures A) PACE is an energy efficiency financing program operated by private contractors in many communities in California. PACE financing is available for a wide range of energy and water saving measures, and for renewable energy generation. Repayment of loans through the program is made on the property tax bill for the property. Communities must opt into the program, the Santa Ana program began January 2015. PACE makes it easier for owners of commercial property to implement energy efficiency and renewable energy projects that can save them money, make their properties more valuable, and create local jobs. The program is offered by private entities. Many cities and counties in California have already opted into the program. The program's most common customers are medium -sized businesses or buildings with a typical project cost around $175,000. Savings were estimated based on recent California program data. The financing can be used for a variety of energy efficiency projects including air conditioning and heating systems, lighting upgrades, cool roofing materials, and can also be used for solar installations. The program will be promoted through the City's comprehensive CAP Outreach and Education program, as described in Chapter 4. 75B -49 Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction in 2020 3,791 MTCOze ............................................... . .......... Emissions Reduction in 2035 8,458 MTCOze .................. . ........... . ........................... Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost — businesses; improved air quality; Improved health ..... . . . . . ................................................ Cost to City Low Private Cost Low to Medium Potential Funding Sources Private Financing Ease of Implementation Easy 42 F AA A# Community -wide Energy Measures Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction in 2020 7,793 MTCO,e Emissions Reduction In 2036 7,793 MTCO,e Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost— businesses; improved air quality; Improved health Cost to city Low Private Cost None Potential Funding Sources SCE Ease of Implementation Easy 3 Climate Action Plan Measures The California Public Utilities Commission authorizes certain energy efficiency programs thru SCE. SCE sends trained energy- efficiency contractors to help small businesses, up to 199 kW, identify ways to save electricity. SCE provides free upgrades to customers that may include energy efficient lighting, signage, sensors, refrigeration, sun -block window film, and programmable thermostats. These are provided through the Small and Medium Direct Install program at no cost to the City or to the customer. The current program provides up to $10,000 for business from 0 -99 kW and $15,000 for business from 100 -199 kW. These and other utility incentive programs will be promoted through the City's comprehensive CAP Outreach and Education program, as described in Chapter 4. 75B -50 Santa Ana Ornate Actlon Plan; Community -wide Energy Measures 740 I PACE is an energy efficiency financing program operated by Type of Measure private contractors in many communities in California. PACE . Incent.zed ........ t i .v i ............ ............................... financing is available for a wide range of energy and water Emissions Reduction saving measures, and for renewable energy generation. in 2020 1,633 MTCO,e Repayment of loans through the program is made on the . 1.... I...•• ............... ..........••.••.......••.•••••. property tax bill for the home. Communities must opt into the Emissions Reduction program, the Santa Ana program began in September 2013. In 2035 5,833 MTCO,e The program is estimated to reach 2,905 homes by 2020 '- "' ° " ° "- """"""" """""' °"' °" " ° °° and 10, 375 homes by 2035. Savings were estimated based Co-Benefits d en Reduced energy rgy cost — residents; on recent Santa Ana program data. Projects included air improved air quality; improved conditioning and furnace upgrades, air duct sealing, insulation, health ........................... ............................... and small solar installations. Cast to city Low Across the communities statewide that are participating ..... •°°°°°°•-°°°-°-°°-- ................. in residential PACE programs, the upgrades financed have Private Cost Low to Medium produced an emissions reduction of 14,056 MTCO2e, saved - ............. residents over $6 million in energy costs, and created 1,600 Potential Funding Sources jobs. Private Financing .......................... ............................... Ease of Implementation The PACE program will be promoted through the City's Easy comprehensive CAP Outreach and Education program, as ........................... ............................... described in Chapter 4. 44 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Community Energy Measures -wide Wo K Fi ii ;Type of Measure This measure accounts for the impact of new private :: In °antivzad ................. . installations of solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems in Santa Ana. i Emissions Reduction Rebates or incentive payments for installation of solar PV are in 2020 available as part of the California Solar Incentive program, i 14,881 MTCOze i ............•••........ .....• ......................... which is administered by the California Energy Commission. j i Emissions Reduction For a limited time the City is offering solar incentives which in 2036 may include permit fee waiver, free plan check services, and 4,881 MTCOze i """"' °" ° " °"' °""""" ii free building inspection for solar PV systems. Go-Benefits Reduced energy cost — residents Solar PV systems can lower energy costs for residents and i and businesses; improved air businesses. In addition, having more PV systems connected ;quality; Improved health ................ ' "' °' °'°" °' °' ° ° °" ° °' °'° to the grid leads to increased electric system reliability during coat to City i peak demand periods and increased electric price stability. IoW .......................................................... This measure also supports employment with opportunities for Pri "at® coat solar installers. i Medium ...................... .. ................. I ........ I....... i Potential Funding Sources These and other utility incentive programs will be promoted State through the City's comprehensive CAP Outreach and Education Ii ........................... ............................... program, as described in Chapter 4. j Ease of Implementation i Easy 75B -52 San#& Ana Climate Action Plan Community -wide Energy Measures (A) For residential customers, SCE's efficiency programs include rebates for air conditioner replacement, energy efficient appliances, pool pumps and motors, among others. SCG also offers rebates for energy efficiency upgrades, including furnaces, insulation, and water heaters. These upgrades reduce energy costs for residents, and will increase home comfort. These and other utility incentive programs will be promoted through the City's comprehensive CAP Outreach and Education program, described in Chapter 4. 75B -53 Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction in 2020 3,965 MTCOze Emissions Reduction In 2035 3,965 MTCOze Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost— residents; improved air quality; improved health Cost to City Low Private Cost Low .. ... .... ......................... I .......... ..... Potential Funding Sources SCE and SCG Ease of Implementation Easy 46 chapter 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Community -wide Energy Measures Type of Measure The Weatherization program delivered through the Community Incent.vized .........tivi Action Partnership and funded through federal grants and Emissions Reduction local utilities reached 3,291 low- income households in Santa In 2020 Ana with weatherization assistance since 2008. Actions taken 3,720 MTCO,e ..............I.........• ••••••••I••••••••••••••••. in homes can include a number of energy savings measures, Emissions Reduction such as air duct sealing, insulation, window glazing, and tune In 2036 up or replacement of air conditioning and heating equipment. 3,720 MTCO,e °•"""' ••'"' °•"•- • ""•"•"•"•• "• "••""'•" The combined electricity and natural gas savings already Co- Benefits achieved through this program since 2008 is estimated to Reduced energy cost— residents; reduced water use; improved air result in an emissions reduction of 1,553 MTCOze /year. quality; improved health -..- °• ° ° °- ° ° °• .................................. This measure represents the impact of the City increasing Cost to City promotion of the program so that it reaches 25% more Low • .....°•°••°° •••• °••• °• ° °• °•••• °••• °••••• °•• households annually than the program currently does. Over Private cost time the additional impact would mean substantial energy cost None ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••• ........................•••. savings for low- income residents of Santa Ana, and increased Potential Funding Sources home comfort. Federal (Community Action Partnership) The Weatherization program will be promoted through the ................... I...................................... Ease of Implementation City comprehensive CAP Outreach and Education program, Easy described in Chapter 4. ................... ............I.................. p 75B -54 Santa Ana Climate, Action Plant` F AS Community -wide Energy Measures For commercial customers, SCG offers rebates for replacement of inefficient equipment, including water heaters, boilers, and foodservice equipment. These can be major energy users for certain businesses and offer significant savings opportunities. These and other utility incentive programs will be promoted through the City comprehensive CAP Outreach and Education program, described in Chapter 4. 75B -55 Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction In 2020 3,280 MTCO,e Emissions Reduction In 2035 3,280 MTCO,e Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost — residents; improved air quality; improved health Cost to City Low Private Cost Low .. ... .. ........ ... ... I ............................ , Potential Funding Sources SCG Ease of Implementation Easy 46 chapter 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Community -wide Energy Measures Type of Measure SCE currently owns and operates over 11,000 streetlights .. voluntary ........ .. .... in the City. This measure provides for the City to purchase Emissions Reduction these streetlights and convert them from High Pressure in 2020 Sodium Lamps to Light Emitting Diode (LED). The LED lamps 160 MTCOze •..•••• I ... I .......... •• ... ....................I.......... significantly reduce energy use and also last longer than the Emissions Reduction high pressure sodium lamps, reducing maintenance costs. In 2035 These lamps also give improved light quality which increases 2,556 MTCCze ........................... ............................... public safety. Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost —City; The City currently pays SCE on an ongoing basis for the improved air quality; Improved service of providing, maintaining, and powering these health °°° °• ° ° ° °. ° ° °• °. ° ° ° ° ° ° ° °. ° ° °. ... .... lights. After the purchase, and accounting for the energy Cost to city and maintenance savings of the LEDs, the City will realize High upfront cost but long -term savings ........................... ............................... significant annual energy cost savings. Private Cost None Potential Funding Sources City funds (bond issue) Ease of Implementation Medium 75B -56 F$anta Ana Citmats Acttcn Plan' Community -wide Energy Measures (A) Benchmarking is tracking the energy performance of commercial buildings on an ongoing basis, and identifies those buildings where performance is less than ideal. The Energy Star Portfolio Manager (Portfolio Manager)" is a free tool for benchmarking, and gives an energy performance score between 1 and 100. A score of 75, for example, means that the building performs better than 75% of similar buildings. Retrocommissioning is testing and tuning building systems to ensure they are operating as designed. For this measure the City would pass an ordinance requiring that all non- residential buildings larger than 10,000 square feet report their Portfolio Manager results every seven years, and that buildings with a score of less than 75 must complete retrocommissioning. The building owner would be required to submit a Portfolio Manager report and, if needed, a retrocommissioning report to the City every seven years as part of business license renewal. Similar ordinances have been passed by New York City and Washington DC11 and ordinances are under development by the cities of Los Angeles and Santa Monica. Retrocommissioning costs range from $0.13 to $2.00 /square foot, but the energy savings pay back these costs in a few months to two years. Many of the building owners may be eligible for incentives through SCE. 14 www.anargystar.gov /buildings /facility- owners- and - managers/ existing-buildings/use-portfolio-manager 15 www.nyo.gov /html /gbee /html /plan /plan.shtml; http: / /ddoe.de.gov/ energybenchmarking 75B -57 Type of Measure City Ordinance Emissions Reduction in 2020 1,533 MTCO,e Emissions Reduction in 2035 2,147 MTCO,e Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost — businesses; Improved air quality; improved health Cost to City Low to Medium Private Cost Medium ................... ............................... Potential Funding Sources PACE ................... ............................... Ease of Implementation Difficult 50 M AM Community -wide Energy Measures 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Type of Measure Title 24 is the energy code that establishes the minimum state ..................... Mandate a ... . energy efficiency for new construction in the State of Emissions Reduction California. The code is set by the State and enforced locally in 2020 by the City of Santa Ana through the building permit review 490 MTCO,e •.•••••••••••• ..................••.......•••• and inspection process. Amended standards went into effect Emissions Reduction January 1, 2014. This measure reflects the expected savings in 2038 from those amended standards in projected new commercial 1050 MTCOze " ""•"••' """•"""..... ° ° " ° " "" ° ""' "- construction within the City. Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost— residents; Improved air quality; improved health Cost to City None Private Coat Low to Medium Potential Funding Sources N/A Ease of Implementation Easy 75B -58 Santa Agra Climate Action Plan All Community -wide Energy Measures Title 24 is the energy code that establishes the minimum energy efficiency for new construction in the State of California. The code is set by the State and enforced locally by the City of Santa Ana through the building permit review and inspection process. Amended standards went into effect January 1, 2014. This measure reflects the expected savings from those amended standards in projected new residential construction within the CO. 75B -59 Type of Measure State Mandate Emissions Reduction in 2020 329 MTCOze ........................... ............................... Emissions Reduction In 2030 705 MTCO e Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost — residents; Improved air quality; improved health .......................... ............................... . Cost to City None Private Cost. Low to Medium .................... ............................... Potential Funding Sources N/A Ease of Implementation Easy L52 _ chapter 3 Climate Action Plan Measures At 4 Community -wide Energy Measures Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction In 2020 267 MTCO e Emissions Reduction in 2036 267 MTCOre Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost— businesses; improved air quality; improved health cost to city Low Private Cost Low to Medium ................... ............................... Potential Funding Sources SCG Ease of Implementation Easy Laundromats are major users of hot water, and are good candidates for using solar thermal energy to heat that water. There are approximately 35 coin operated laundromats in Santa Ana. SCG currently offers a rebate for commercial installation of solar hot water heating systems. For this measure, the City will directly contact laundromat owners and encourage them to take advantage of this rebate. Installing solar hot water heating systems will benefit laundromat owners through decreased energy costs. As an example, Woody's Laundromat in Oakland, CA installed a solar water heating system in 2012.16 After the California Solar Initiative rebate and federal tax incentives, the system will pay for itself in only four years, and solar hot water on this single business is reducing emissions by 13 MTCOze /year. 'a www.freehotwater.com/ case - study- california- laundromat- washes - away -high- hot- water -bi Ils- with - solar - water- heating/ 75B -60 Santa Aims O tmate Action Ptah Community -wide Energy Measures A Green Business Challenge (Challenge) establishes friendly competition between businesses to improve performance in energy efficiency, water conservation, waste reduction, and other areas. Businesses THE receive recognition for POWER participating, and the IS YO U R,�S. City recognizes those Be Energy Efficient! that achieve the largest GHG emissions reduction. The City of Santa Ana will partner with the Chamber of Commerce to launch the Challenge. In addition to the direct emissions reduction from this measure, the Challenge will be an important channel for promoting SCE and SCG incentive programs and other CAP measures targeted towards businesses. The program benefits participating businesses through reduced costs for energy, water, and waste disposal. The Port of San Diego and the City of Chula Vista currently operate similar programs." There is also opportunity to align with and leverage the California Green Business Program developed by the state.18 A guidebook for starting a Green Business Challenge and sample materials from existing programs are available through ICLEI.19 This program can also generate useful information for the City that can be used to identify additional opportunities to reduce energy use among businesses. The Challenge can also be a good complement to commercial benchmarking as a way to engage smaller building owners in energy efficiency. " http: / /gmenportnetwork.org /; www.chulavistaca.gov/Clean/challenge/Default.asp .e www.greenbusinessca.org 's www.iclelusa.org 75B -61 Type of Measure Voluntary Emissions Reduction In 2020 78 MTCO,e Emissions Reduction In 2035 78 MTCO e Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost — businesses; improved air quality; improved health; reduced water use; reduced waste generation Cost to City Low to Medium .... I .......... I.......... Private Cost Low to Medium Potential Funding Sources City Funds, SCE and SCG, Sponsorships Ease of Implementation Medium 54 The City of Santa Ana municipal operations energy use produced emissions of 17,607 MTCOZe in 2008. The City is able to manage these emissions more directly than the community emissions. The actions to reduce municipal operations emissions described below serve as an example of City leadership for businesses and residents in the community. These measures also reduce energy costs for the City. Some of these projects have already been implemented and have resulted in energy savings for the City. The CAP municipal operations energy measures are summarized in Table 3.4 and more detailed descriptions are provided on the following pages. 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Table 3.4: Municipal Operations Energy Measures Summary 75B -62 Reduction Reduction (kWh/Year) (MTCO,e/Year) Name 2020 2035 2020 2035 Building Energy Efficiency Retrofits* 6,018,300 1,462,500 2,005 1,300 Street Lighting LED Retrofits 6,537,720 6,537,720 1,403 1,403 Retmoommissioning* 1,462,500 0 621 0 Water Pump Retrofits 825,000 825,000 245 245 Solar Photovoltaic Systems 266,480 268,480 185 185 Vending Machine Retrofits 147,200 147,200 43 43 Total 15,259,200 9,240,900 4,503 3,176 *Note that emissions reduction for these measures include natural gas savings in addition to electricity. 75B -62 Santa Ann O tmate Action Plan Municipal Operations Energy Measures () The City will continue to make energy efficient improvements at municipal facilities. Building efficiency includes retrofitting major building systems such as HVAC systems, lighting, controls, and potentially the building envelope (e.g., windows and insulation). Financing for certain components of this measure may be available through SCE and SCG on -bill financing programs. Increased incentives as a result of the City Energy Leader Partnership reduce project costs. 75B -63 Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction In 2020 2,006 MTCOze Emissions Reduction In 2035 1,300 MTCO2o Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost —City; Improved air quality; improved health Cost to City High Potential Funding Sources SCE and SCG on -bill financing programs, and general fund. Ease of Implementation Medium 56 AV Allk Municipal Operations Energy Measures Type of Measure Voluntary Emissions. Reduction in 2020 1,403 MTCO,e Emissions Reduction in 2035 1,403 MTCO,e Co- benefits Reduced energy cost —City; Improved air quality; improved health Cost to City High Potential Funding Sources SCE On -bill financing ..................................................... Ease of Implementation Medium 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Public lighting currently represents 24% of municipal operations GHG emissions. Replacing existing fixtures with LED lighting will substantially reduce energy usage and associated emissions. Note that this measure accounts for the impact of completing retrofits of all street lights currently owned by the City. The additional reduction achievable by purchasing and retrofitting lights currently owned by SCE is accounted for separately under the community measure for Streetlight Purchase and Retrofit. 75B -64 r Santa Etna GUmats Action Piar[:.. Municipal Operations Energy Measures Energy use in buildings and facilities is responsible for 30% of municipal operations emissions. Retrocommissioning is a process that seeks to improve how building equipment and systems function together. Retrocommissioning can often resolve problems that occurred during design or construction, or address problems that have developed throughout the building's life. In all, retrocommissioning improves a building's operations and maintenance procedures to enhance overall building performance. Building optimization can be a relatively low -cost way of reducing energy consumption. Retrocommissioning of City buildings and facilities would reduce emissions by 621 MTCO2e /year by 2020. Retrocommissioning should be institutionalized as an ongoing activity to ensure that savings continue over the long term. 40 The analysis assumes an annual energy savings of 1.3 kWh /sq. ft. from CEC. 2005. Options for Energy Efficiency In Existing Buildings. CEC -400- 2005 -039- CMF. 75B -65 Type of Measure Voluntary Emissions Reduction In 2020 621 MTCO,e Emissions Reduction in 2038 0 MTCOie Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost —City; improved air quality; improved health Cost to City Medium Potential Funding Sources General Fund Ease of implementation Medium 58 WAF Municipal Operations Energy Measures type of Measure Voluntary Emissions Reduction in 2020 245 MTCOze Emissions Reduction in 2086 245 MTCO e Co- Benefits Reduced energy cost— businesses; improved air quality; Improved health Cost to City Medium Potential Funding Sources City funds Ease of Implementation Easy 8 Climate Action Plan Measures This measure would continue efficiency retrofits of motors at City water wells, completing conversion of all remaining pumping stations to variable frequency drives. The Santa Ana groundwater wells are known for producing some of the best tasting water in the country, and do so with less environmental impact. 75B -66 Santa Ana ClimateAetion Plan Municipal Operations Energy Measures Solar PV systems are another way for the City to reduce energy costs and emissions, and to set an example to encourage installation of renewable energy by businesses and residents in the community. This measure assumes the installation of a 160 kW PV system, which could be installed on one City facility, or could represent the total capacity of several systems on different City facilities. If installed as one system, a typical system of this capacity would cover an area approximately 100 feet by 200 feet. Additional study and design will be needed to determine the appropriate size and placement of the system or systems on City facilities. 75B -67 Type of Measure Voluntary Emissions Reduction In 2020 185 MTCO,e Emissions Reduction in 2035 185 MTCO,e Co- Sonefits Reduced energy cost —City; improved air quality; improved health Cost to City Medium Potential Funding Sources California Solar Initiative; General Fund Ease of Implementation Medium 60 N AX Municipal Operations Energy Measures 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Type of Measure The emissions reduction that can be achieved through vending . ncent ..... . .... "'Zed ........................... machine retrofits are modest, but this measure is highly cost- Emissions Emissions Reduction effective. Adding a unit that uses a controller and sensor to In 2020 monitor room occupancy and temperature can power down 43 MTCCze ............. I ................••••• ......•• the vending machine when the surrounding area is vacant. Emissions Reduction Vending Miser is one company that makes such a control In 2035 unit.21 The unit cost is minimal with an estimated payback 43 MTCCxe °°° °. ° ° ° ° ° °••"•'•" """•""""• ""'•" °" period of only seven months. SCE also offers incentives for Co-eenefits retrofits. The analysis for this measure assumes retrofit of Reduced energy cost —City; improved air quality; improved 66 vending machines, which is equal to two per city facility. health Implementation of this measure will need to be negotiated p ne 9 ........................... ............................... Cost to city with the company operating the vending machines. Low Potential Funding Sources SCE; General Fund ................... ............................... Ease of Implementation Easy 21 www.vendingmiser.com 75B -68 Santa Ana Climate Action Plan Climate Action Plan Measures Solid waste, water use and wastewater together accounted for 6% of community -wide emissions in 2008. Collectively, the measures identified in this section are estimated to reduce those emissions by 9,097 MTCO2e /year by 2020 and 13,811 MTCOze /year by 2035, as identified in Table 3.5. Detailed descriptions of each measure are provided on the following pages. Table 3.5: Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater Measures Summary Name All 341 Commercial and Multifamily Recycling Food Waste Digestion Rainwater Harvesting Turf Removal Total 75B -69 Reduction (NITCO,eNear) 2020 2035 6,460 12,665 605 1,109 29 -29. 2.5 10 9,097 13,811 62 Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater Measures 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Type of Measure AB 341 was adopted as law by the State of California in . Mandate . . . . . ... ............................... ......... 2011, and requires recycling by businesses that generate four ........ Emissions Reduction cubic yards or more of commercial solid waste per week and In 2020 multifamily residential dwellings of five units or more, starting 8,460 MTCO,e ••••.••••••.•.••••..•••..•• •.••.•••.••.••••.......••••••.. July 1, 2012. The increased diversion of waste from landfills Emissions Reduction resulting from this requirement will reduce landfill methane In 2035 12,663 MTCO,e emissions. Recycling programs can also reduce waste disposal """' °""" °"" "" ° ""'` " " " " "" " " " " "'- costs for businesses and multifamily building owners. Co- Eenefits Reduced waste generation Cos4 to City ......................... Sant, ........ a Ana11 recycles Low to Medium �, J Private Cost Low You make the difference! Potential Funding Sources General Fund Ease of Implementation Medium 75B -70 Santa Ana Climate Action Plan Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater Measures Food waste can be broken down in an anaerobic digester to produce renewable energy. The state mandate under AB 341 requires an increase in the rate of recovery of commercial waste for recycling, and some of this increased recovery will likely be food waste. Initially, this waste may be composted, but through this measure the City will arrange for it to be sent to a digestion facility to allow energy recovery. Type of Measure Voluntary . ........... I ........................... Emissions Reduction in 2020 605 MTGO e ......... ............................... Emissions Reduction In 2035 1,109 MTCO,e The City will need to work with waste haulers and potential Co- Benefits digestion facilities to arrange for dedicated treatment of Santa Improved air quality; reduced Ana origin food waste. The waste could go either to dedicated waste generation ... rite......... generation facilities for food waste, or be added to existing anaerobic cost to city digesters at wastewater treatment plants that use digester gas .row to Medium .................. ............................... for energy. For example, Orange County Sanitation District cur- Private Cost rently has a pilot digester to which food waste might be added. ... W ................... Potential Funding Sources The calculation for this measure assumes that by 2020, 75% General Fund of the food waste captured through overall diversion will be " " "" " " " " " " " "'. " " " " " " " " " "' "'. " "'" sent to a digestion facility that captures biogas which is used Ease of Implementation Medium to generate electricity.22 ........................... ............................... zz Gas generation of food waste is based on pilot studies performed with the East Bay Municipal Utility District and EPA. End use for the gas was assumed to be electricity and calculated assuming 35% generation efficiency and 15% parasitic loss rate. 75B -71 e4 v Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater Measures Type of Measure Incentivized Emissions Reduction in 2020 29 MTCO,e . ...... .... I ............................. Emissions Reduction in 2035 29 MTCO,e .......... ............................... Co- Benefits Reduced water use .......... ............................... Cost to City Low Private Cost Low ........................... ............................... Potential Funding Sources Water Agencies, General Fund Ease of Implementation Easy chapter 3 Climate Action Plan Measures Collecting and re -using rainwater from gutters and downspouts for lawns and gardens minimizes the amount of water flowing into storm drains, sewer systems and local waterways. Rainwater harvesting also reduces potable water consumption and electricity consumption from distribution. For this measure, the City may purchase rain barrels in bulk and resell them at cost to residents. Under SoCal Water Smart, rebates are available for rain barrels to reduce the cost to residents. This calculation is based on 1,000 rain barrels distributed to single family residences annually from 2015 -2020. Initial financing of the purchase of the rain barrels may total $50,000, however all the cost may be recouped through purchases by program participants. 75B -72 Santa Ana CftateAction Plan Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater Measures Turf grass is one of the most water - intensive plants in a landscape. Its high water use and frequent maintenance make it a time - consuming and expensive yard option. The average residential customer spends about 60% of their water on outdoor irrigation. Turf removal and conversion to drought - tolerant landscaping reduces potable water use and associated electricity consumption. Rebates are available through SoCal Water Smart for residents and businesses to convert their lawns to drought tolerant plants or synthetic turf. The City will promote the program. It is estimated that through the program 100 single family lawns could be converted annually from 2015 to 2035. 75B -73 Type of Measure Incentivized .................... ............................... Emissions Reduction In 2020 2.5 MTCOze .................... ............................... Emissions Reduction In 2035 10 MTCO,e .................... ............................... Co- Senefflts Reduced water use .................... ............................... Cost to City Low .................... ............................... Private Cost Low to Medium .................... ............................... Potential Funding Sources Water agencies; General Fund .................... ............................... Ease of Implementation Easy This page intentionally left blank 75B -74 This page intentionally left blank 75B -75 : / \�� \ f T \� � \� � \� � \� � Santa Ana Climate Action Plan To achieve the intended emissions reduction and energy savings, this CAP must be effectively implemented. The purpose of this Implementation and Monitoring Strategy is to provide a framework for managing implementation of the CAP, and for monitoring progress in achieving energy savings and reduction in emissions. Staffing To ensure effective implementation of the CAP, the City will set up an interdepartmental team that will meet on a regular basis to coordinate implementation. This team will include Public Works, Planning and Building, Finance and Management Services, and other departments that play a role in implementing the CAP measures. In addition to this team, the City will explore hiring support staff to assist in managing day -to -day coordination of the actions identified in the CAP. These actions will focus on tracking progress, evaluating effectiveness, and identifying and securing new funding opportunities. Partnerships Partnerships will also be a critical part of implementing the CAP. In particular, close coordination will be needed with SCE and SCG for effective promotion of utility incentives. City staff members currently participate in monthly partnership meetings with the utilities and plan to continue meeting throughout CAP implementation. Partnership with the Santa Ana Chamber of Commerce will be important for outreach and promotion of business - related measures. Through the stakeholder engagement workshops conducted during development 75B -77 of the CAP, the City has already begun identifying potential new partners, including the Building Industry Association and the US Green Building Council, which will be important partners for any measure affecting new residential construction. Achieving significant energy savings and a significant emissions reduction in Santa Ana will require the community to work together, and the City to act in partnership with other stakeholder groups. Outreach and Education The City has a number of communications and outreach activities that can be used to promote and implement the CAP measures. These activities will be enhanced and brought together under a comprehensive outreach and education program. All residents receive the Santa Ana Green quarterly newsletter, which will continue to be the primary channel for communicating information about energy and water related incentives and financing options; and solid waste reduction. The Santa Ana Green newsletter presents information in both English and Spanish to reach the diverse Santa Ana population. Additionally, information will be provided at locations where the City interacts with residents and business 70 chapter 4 Implementation and Monitoring Strategy owners, such as at the permit counter during the business license process, at Community Recreation Centers, and at community events. Social media, email blasts, and the City website are additional means to communicate the CAP to the public. The Green Business Challenge measure will be an important outreach tool that can support a wide variety of energy conservation related voluntary actions in the community. In partnership, the City of Santa Ana and the Chamber of Commerce will encourage businesses to participate in the Challenge. Businesses will be recognized based on completion of activities. These activities can be aligned with utility incentive programs, financing options, and other programs that the City promotes. Implementation of this program requires a method of collecting emissions reduction data from enrolled businesses. To maximize data collection, this reporting should be designed Table 4.1: Implementation Overview Community -wide Transportation Measures Measures Development of Local Retail Service Nodes Local Residential Nodes Near Retail and Employment Traffic Signal Synchronization Program Local Employment Nodes Near Residential and Retail Areas End of Triip Facilities in New Projects Safe Routes to Schools Design Guidelines for External Bike /Pedestrian/Transit Connectivity Design Guidelines for Internal Bike /Pedestrian/Transit Connectivity Adjust Parking Ratios Community -wide Bike Sharing Stations to give additional weight to those businesses that can demonstrate tangible actions and performance improvement. . „ . The implementation start dates for each measure are listed in Table 4.1. The municipal operations energy measures in the CAP, and the Streetlight Purchase and Retrofit measure, are one -time implementation measures and action does not need to continue once they are completed. For the remaining community - wide measures, except the Traffic Signal Synchronization Program, active program implementation will need to continue through 2035 to achieve the emissions reduction projected in the CAP. Ongoing implementation is needed to ensure that the emissions reduction does not drop off over time as equipment wears out. Lead Department Implementation Start Date Planning and Building 2016 Planning and Building 2016 Public Works 2016 Planning and Building 2016 Planning and Bullding 2016 Public Works Ongoing Planning and Building 2016. Planning and Building 2016 Planning and Building 2016 Public Works 2016 75B -78 Santa A1na Climate Action Plan Table 4.1: Implementation Overview (continued) Community -wide Energy Measures Public Works Measures Lead Department Property Assessed Clean Energy Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards- Residential (PACE) Financing - Commercial Public Works SCE Small and Medium Business Direct Install Public Works Property Assessed Clean Energy , Food Waste Digestion (PACE) Financing- Residential Public Works Solar Photovoltaic Systems —New Private Installs Public Works SCE and SCG Residential Programs Public Works Weatherization Public Works SCG Commercial Programs Public Works Streetlight Purchase and Retrofit Public Works Benehmarking and Retrocommissioning Planning and Building / Finance Solar Hot Water Heating Systems for Laundromats Public Works Green Business Challenge Public Works Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards — Commercial Planning and Building Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards- Residential Planning and Building Community -wide Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater Measures Measures Lead Department AB 341Commercial and Multifamiliy Recycling Public Works Food Waste Digestion Public Works Rainwater Harvesting Publio Works Turf Removal Planning and Building Municipal Operations Transportation and Land Use Measure Measure Lead Department Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fleet Public Works Municipal Operations Energy Measures Measures Lead Department Building Energy Efficiency Retrofits Finance Street Lighting LED Retrofits Public Works Retrocommissioning Finance Water Pump Retrofits Public Works Solar Photovoltaic Systems Finance Vending Machine Retrofits Parks and Recreation 75B -79 Implementation Start Date 2015 Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing 2019 2016 2015 2016 Ongoing Ongoing Implementation Start Date Ongoing 2016 2015 2015 Implementation Start Date Ongoing Implementation Start Date Ongoing Ongoing 2016 Ongoing 2017 2016 �72 _ chapter A Implementation and Monitoring Strategy Eval.uation and Monitoring There are three components to evaluation and monitoring: 1. tracking the implementation status of individual measures; 2. measure- ment and estimation of emissions reduction associated with individual measures; and 3. periodic re- inventory of community -wide emissions. Progress reports and re- invento- ries may show the need to update or revise the CAP. For example, if a measure is not able to be implemented as proposed or if the inventory shows emissions are not decreasing as expected, it may be necessary to introduce new measures to meet emissions reduction goals. CEQA guidelines establish the require- ment to "monitor the plan's progress... and to require amendment if the plan is not achieving specified levels." Tracking Implementation Status The City will publish a periodic progress re- port that details the status of each measure in the CAP. For measures that involve passing a new policy, the report will list those that have been passed and if necessary, describe any challenges encountered with any that have been delayed. For measures such as rebates, incentives, and financing programs, the report will include information such as the number of rebates distributed, the type of work that was performed, and estimated energy and emissions savings calculated by the entity performing the work. This data will need to be provided by SCE, SCG or the company operating the incentive or financing program. Establishing clear and regular processes for transferring this data from each partner will facilitate inclusion in the progress report. For measures addressing new developments the report will include information on the number and size of new developments incorporating the measure and related information on the number of vehicle trips impacted. -3 "State CEQA Guidelines." Section 15183.5 (b) (1) (E). Measurement and Estimation of Emissions Reduction The data on energy savings from individual measures collected for the implementation status report described above can also be used to calculate the emissions reduction. Where energy savings data is available, but the emissions reduction is not already calcu- lated by a partner organization, the City will calculate this reduction during the periodic re- inventory process (see below). The State- wide Energy Efficiency Collaborative (SEEC) ClearPath California tool will be utilized to calculate this reduction. Periodic Re- inventory Conducting a periodic re- inventory and com- paring the results with past inventories will show how Santa Ana community emissions are changing overall, and whether they are on track to meet the adopted goals. A re- inventory for calendar year year 2017 will be completed in 2018. This will allow some time for CAP measures to begin taking effect, but also provide information ahead of the 2020 goal year. After that, a re- inventory will be completed every three to five years through support staff and consultant expertise. Free resources available through the SEEC, includ- ing training and the SEEC ClearPath California tool, will assist City staff in completing these inventories. As part of the re- inventory the City staff, sup- ported by consultant expertise, will explore looking at changes in residential and com- mercial energy use normalized for weather and other factors such as energy prices. Features in future versions of the SEEC ClearPath Cali- fornia tool may help with this analysis. Looking at indicators such as energy use per person or per square foot, or vehicle -miles per person will also help explain why emissions are changing. 75B -80 This page intentionally left blank 75B -81 40 �f- v 9, i i r AM K E m r i m imok m 0 75B -82 0 0 ® h �f r .xepit, t � 4 \ 1i} � � y iUll 7e General Calculate your household carbon footprint at: http://coolc.limate.berkeley.edu/carboncalculator Transportation Switch trips to bicycling, walking or transit when possible. See www.octa.net Energy Replace light bulbs with LEDs Learn about rebates that can help you make your home more efficient: www.sce.com/wps/portal/home/residential/ rebates- savings Solid Waste Take a free class on home composting: www.fullortonarboretum.com/Classes/ Learn how to save money by reducing food waste: www.nrdc.org /living /eatingwell/ files /foodwaste_2pgr. pdf Water Learn about available rebates at: www. soca lwaters mart. com Retrofit plumbing fixtures with low -flow faucets, aerators, and sensor controls: wvvw.epa.gov/watersense/ 5 Take Action: What Can You Do? If purchasing a new vehicle, choose the most fuel - efficient one that meets your needs. Compare at: www.fueleconomy.gov Consider an electric vehicle: www.sce.com/ wps /portal /home /residential /electric -cars Learn about incentives for solar energy on your home: vvww.sce.com /wps /portal/ home /residential /ge nemti ng- your -own- power /solar -power Consider borrowing, sharing, swapping or buying used, Instead of buying new items: www.shareable.net/how-to-share Landscape with native plants: vvww.bewatervyise.com/GardensofU index.aspx www.santa-ana,org/SAwatersmart High- efficiency toilets: www.socalwaters mart. com www.santa-ana.org/waterconservation Community Participate in a OneOC day of service on Join, volunteer at or start a community Engagement Earth Day or another day: www.oneoc.org/ garden: get - involved /days -of- service/ www.grainproject.org 75B -84 Santa Arta Climate Aotfon Flan r lfty O General Create a green team that coordinates efforts to green the organization Transportation Encourage employees to rideshare or take transit: www.octa.net/Share- the -Ride/ Provide flexible hours and telecommuting options Energy Review SCE's Business Energy Guide: www.sce.com/wps/poital/home/business Monitor or benchmark energy use: www.energystar.gov/buildings/ facility-owners-arid-managers/ existing -bu i Idi ngs /use - portfolio- niariag er Power down computers and electronics when not in use Solid Waste Provide recycling bins at each workstation Set printers to print double -sided Donate unwanted items to local charities Water Catalog your water consumption and fixtures Learn about available rebates at: www.socalwatersmart.com Community Participate in a local Earth Day event Engagement Engage your customers in your sustainability initiatives through a campaign, event, or another way to participate 75B -85 Encourage staff education and innovation In sustainability Provide secure bicycle parking: www.santa-ana.org/bikehuts Provide showers for bicycling employees Install electric vehicle charging stations: www.sce.com/wps/portal/home/business/ electric -cars Get a lighting audit and upgrade lighting to high - efficiency linear fluorescent or LEDs Install renewable energy: www.sce.coin/wps/portal/home/business/ gonerating -your- own -power Implement a green purchasing policy Establish a policy for circulating documents electronically instead of using paper -based memos or faxes Retrofit plumbing fixtures with high - efficiency toilets, low -flow faucets, aerators, and sensor controls: www.epa. gov /watersense Present energy- or sustainability- related topics to a K -12, higher education, or professional audience Establish an employee volunteerism policy allowing a certain number of hours of volunteer time each month 78 appendix A Total Emissions Reduction Appendix A a rEmoiss"lons e'. This appendix shows the total emissions reduction from all existing measures and transportation and land use plans, CAP measures, and state mandates. This total emissions reduction is compared in Table 3 against the reduction needed to reach the City's goals for 2020 and 2035. Table 1. GHQ Emissions Reduction of Existing Measures Emission Reduction (MTCO,e /Year) Measure 2020 2035 SCE Programs 7,517 7,517 SCO Programs 8,362 $862 Weatherization 1,533 1,533 Solar 5,751 .5,751 Water conservation 1,853 1,853 Reclaimed water 142 142 Increased recycling rate 2,060 2,060 LED street lighting 965 365 City facilities - - ARRA funded efficiency 362 362 City water wells -- efficient motors 461 461 Transportation and land use initiatives 23,492 48,390 Total 51,898 76,796 Table 2. GHG Emissions Reduction of CAP Measures and State Mandates Reduction in 2020 Reduction in 2035 Measures (MTCO,e/Year) (MTCO,e/Year) Transportation and Land Use Pavley II 130,308 335,939 Development of Local Retail Service Nodes 916 14,660 Local Residential Nodes Near Retail and Employment 916 14,660 Traffic Signal Synchronization Program 2,504 5,864 Local Employment Nodes Near Residential and Retail Areas 366 5,864 End of Trip Facilities in New Projects 366 5,864 Safe Routes to Schools 2,129 4,984 Design Guidelines for External Bike/Pedestrian/Transit Connectivity 311 4,984 Design Guidelines for Internal Bike /Pedestrian /Transit Connectivity 311 4,984 Adjust Parking Ratios 311 4,984 Community -wide Bike Sharing Stations 311 4,984 Municipal Operations Measures 709 2,041 75B -86 I Santa Ana Climate fiction Plan Measures Energy CA Renewable Portfolio Standard Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Financing- Commercial SCE Small and Medium Business Direct Install Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Financing- Residential Solar Photovoltaic - New Private Install SCE and SCG;Residential Programs Weatherization SCG Commercial Programs Streetlight Purchase and Retrofit Benchmarking and Retrocommissioning Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards- Commercial Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards- Residential Solar Hot Water Heating Systems for Laundromats Green Business Challenge Municipal Operations Measures Solid Waste, Water and Wastewater AB 341 Commercial and Multifamily Recycling Food Waste Digestion Rainwater Harvesting Turf Removal Total Table 3. Total Emissions Reduction and Goals Existing measures (table 1 total) CAP measures and state mandates (Table 2 total) Total reduction Reduction needed to meat goat 75B -87 Reduction in 2020 Reduction in 2035 (MTCO,e/Year) (MTCO,e /Year) 182,020 182,762 3,791 8,458 7,793 7,793 1,633 5;833 4,881 4,861 3,965 3;965 3,720 3,720 3,280 3,280 160 2,556 1,533 2,147 490 1,050 329 705 267 267 78 78 4,503 3,176 8,460 12,663 605 1,109 29 29 2.5 10 366,998 654,294 Reduction in 2020 Reduction in 2035 (MTCO,e/Year) (MTCO,e /Year) 51,898 76,796 356,998 654,294 418,896 731,090 400,000 800,000 80 � appendix B Inventory Methodology Appendix ., oMethodology Southern California Edison (SCE) provided electricity consumption data in kilowatt -hours (kWh) for 2008; SCE provides all electricity used in Santa Ana except for electricity generated by solar systems. Table 1 includes electricity consumption for the community; Table 2 includes electricity consumption for City municipal operations. SCE includes Table 1. Santa Ana Community -wide Electricity Usage, 2008 Sector kWh Residential 378;$88;235 Commercial and Industrial 1,398,181,157 Total 1,777,169,392 Santa Ana receives electricity produced by SCE and through direct access electricity. SCE - produced GHG emissions were quantified using utility- specific emissions factors; these were taken from SCE's 2007 Annual Emissions Report for the California Climate Action Registry. SCE did not report an emissions factor for 2008; therefore, the 2007 emissions factor was used as a proxy. Emissions from electricity supplied by direct usage from SCE - supplied electricity as well as direct access electricity. Direct Access electricity refers to electricity purchased directly by industries from power generation facilities, which is then delivered through the transmission lines of a public or private utility, and accounts for 8.8% of the electricity usage reported for Santa Ana. Table 2. Santa Ana Municipal Operations Electricity Usage, 2008 Operations Electricity Usage, 2008 Sector kWh Buildings and Facilities 30,096,817 Public Lighting 15,942,280 Water and WastowaterTransport 11,639;798 Total 57,678,895 access providers through SCE's transmission system were quantified using a California average emissions factor from the Local Government Operations Protocol (LGOP) as specific emissions factors are not available for direct access electricity. Emissions factors for CH4 and N2O were obtained from the LGOP, which provides a statewide average emissions factor for electricity. Table 3 summarizes emissions factors used in this analysis. Table 3. Electricity- related Emissions Factors in Lee /MWh SCE CD,' Direct Access CO2' CH'' N,02 630.89 919.64 0.029 0.01 ' 2007 Annual Emissions Report available at: http:// www. climateregistry. org/ carrot/Reports /CREntityEmissionReport.aspx 2 LGOP Table G.7 California Grid Average Electricity Emission Factors (1990 -2007) Santa Ana Climate Action Plan Appendix Measure Calculation Assumptions Sector Measure Assumptions Transportation Development of Local Retail Service.. Reduction of 2.5% of 2035. forecast VMT (based on and Land Use Nodes Fehr and Peers analysis showing 1-3%). Assumed to reach 21 % of eventual impact by 2020 (based on 4 years of implementation by2020:out of 19 years total implementation: 4/19 = 0.21). Transportation Local Residential Nodes Near Retail Reduction of 2.5% of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use and Employment and Peers analysis showing 1 -3 %). Assumed to reach 21% of eventual impact by 2020. Transportation Traffic Signal Synchronization :. Reduction of 1 % of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use Program for Non -TLSP Corridors and Peers analysis). Assumed to reach 42.7% of eventual impact by 2020. Transportation Local Employment Nodes Near Reduction of 1 % of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use Residential and Retail Areas and Peers analysis). Assumed to reach 21% of eventual impact by 2020. Transportation -End of Trip Facilities In New Projects Reduction of t %o of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use and Peers analysis). Assumed to reach 21% of eventual impact by 2020. Transportation Safe Routes to Schools Reduction of 0.85% of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use and Peers analysis showing <1 %). Assumed to reach 42.7% of eventual impact by 2020. Transportation Design Guidelines for External :Bike / Reduction of 0.85% of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use Pedestrian/ Transit Connectivity and Peers analysis showing <1 %). Assumed to reach 21% of eventual impact by 2020. Transportation Design Guidelines for Internal Bike/ Reduction of 0.85% of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use Pedestrian/ Transit Connectivity and Peers analysis showing <1 %). Assumed to reach 21 % of eventual impact by 2020. Transportation Adjust Parking Ratios - Reduction of 0.85% of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use and Peers analysis showing <1 %). Assumed to reach 21 % of eventual: impact by 2020. Transportation Community -Wide Bike Share System Reduction of 0.85% of 2035 forecast VMT (based on Fehr and Land Use and Peers analysis showing <1 %). Assumed to reach 21 % of eventual Impact by 2020. 75B -89 82 appendix B Measure Calculation Assumptions Transportation Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fleet and Land Use - Municipal Operations Energy PACE Financing- Commercial Energy SCE Small and Medium Business Direct Install Energy PACE Financing - Residential Energy Solar Photovoltaic - New Private Installs Energy SCE and SCG Residential Programs Energy Weatherization Energy SCG Commercial Programs Energy Streetlight Purchase and Retrofit Based on vehicle odometers and annual mileage, - estimated 418 vehicles retiring by 2020. Assumed these would be replaced: with 70 %. hybrid, 25% electric, 5% hydrogen. For 2035 all fleet vehicles replaced with 40% hybrid, 50 % electric, 10% hydrogen. ' Hybrid assumed to get 35 mpg, electric 85 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (emissions calculated from electricity use), hydrogen 54 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent; hydrogen assumed produced by electricity,. 60.5kWh /kg hydrogen. $3 million annual financing, 40% energy efficiency, 40% solar (remainder is water efficiency —not able to quantify emissions reduction from water efficiency). Energy Efflclency: $0.38 initial cost per annual kWh savings, useful life of 9 years (starting in 2016). Solar: $4.9 /watt capacity, 1,678 kWh annual generation per kW capacity- $2,92/kWh Assumes 1.8 million kWh /yr saved from each year's program installations (a conservative estimate based on existing reduction from SCE Business Direct Install Program), 10 year useful life (starting in 2008).. Reaching 2,905 homes by 2020; 10,375 by 2035. 28% Include furnace upgrade; 28% include central AC upgrade; 28% duct sealing; 18% general building envelope Improvements; 24% solar system (avg size 5kw). For efficiency measures, kWh and therms savings taken from DEER database. Solar based on 1,678 kWh annual generation /kW. 1,000 kW installed/year (a conservative estimate based on existing Installation trends). 1,678 kWh per kW capacity. 700,590 kWh /yr saved from each year's program installations (a conservative estimate based on existing reduction from SCE programs for residents), useful life of 10 years (starting in 2008). 77,239 therms saved from each year's program installations (estimate based on existing program savings), useful life of 10 years (starting in 2008). 822 homes /year based on existing program level. 271 kWh and 72 therms annual savings per household. Per household savings source: hffp: / /www.energy. ca.gov /2005publications /CEC- .400 - 2005 - 039 /CEC -400- 2005- 039- CMEPDF Table 611. 245,856 therms saved from each year's program installations (estimate based on existing program savings), 10 year useful life (starting in 2008). 11,410 streetlight fixtures to be replaced. Savings per fixture of 1,135 kWh/fixture/year (based on existing measures). Implemented gradually from 2019 through 2035. 75B -90 Saints Ana Climate Action Plan Energy Benchmarking and Santa Ana has 36,334,400 ft2 of non - residential space Retrocommissioning that is 10,000 square feet or greater in size, This measure assumes that each year one seventh of the space (or 5,200,000 ft2) is required to complete an energy audit each year and report the outcomes to the federally - administered Energy Star Portfolio Manager. Requirement would continue until all commercial space is audited and upgraded over a seven -year period. Savings source: http: //www.energy. ca.gov /2005publications /CEC- 400- 2005 - 039 /CEC -400 - - 2005- 039- CMF.PDFTable Bit 5. Energy Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards— 163,000 ft2 annual commercial construction. 0.003 Commercial therms /ft2 annual savings; 1.5 kWh/ft2 annual savings. Savings based on analysis of average use and energy uses affected by Title 24 updates for Climate Zone 8. Energy Title 24 . Energy Efficiency Standards— 60,135 ft2 annual single family construction. 0.174 Residential kWh /ft2 annual savings;: 0.014 kWhLft2 annual savings. 125,765 ft2 annual multi - family construction, 0.138 kWh / ft2 annual savings; 0.004 therms /ft2 annual savings.' Savings based on analysis of average use and energy uses affected by Title 24 updates for Climate Zone B. Energy Solar Hot Water Heating Systems for Solar installed on 6 laundromats /yr for 5 years (estimated Laundromats 35 in city). 1,674 therms per laundry per year saved (estimate provided by Sun Light and Power). Energy Green Business Challenge Program 30,000 workers in central business district, 200ft2 per worker, 20% of potential space participating = 1.2 million ft2. Savings of 0.13 kWh /ft2/year, 0.002 - therms /ft2/yr. Savings source: http: / /wwvv.energy. - ca.gov/2005publications/CEO-400 -2005- 039 /CEC -400 - 2005 - 039- CMF.PDP Table B13 -. Energy— Building Energy Efficiency Retrofits Assumes 20% across - the -board savings from baseline Municipal energy consumption of 30.1 million kWh /yr. This would Operations likely be achieved through mechanism such as an energy performance contract, and would Involve addressing HVAC, lighting, controls, and potentially building envelope improvements. Energy - Street. Lighting LED Retrofits Savings from four identified projects (LS -2, LS -3; Municipal Eastside; SARTC) provided by City of Santa Ana: Operations 1,050,300 kWh. In addition to these projects, estimated 5,275 remaining_ city-owned lights (based on total street light energy - consumption from inventory); applied savings of 259 ' watts/fixture to these with lights on 1 -1 hours /day. Energy— Retrocommissioning 1.125 million ft2 building space. Savings source: http: // Municipal www. energy .ca.gov /2005publications /CEC- 400 -2005- Operations 039 /CEC- 400 - 2005 - 039- CMEPDFTable Bl5. Completion by 2020. Energy- Water Pump Retrofits kWh savings estimate based on savings from existing - Municipal upgrades; and ratio of power of pumps already upgraded Operations ' to that of pumps still needing upgrades, - .Existing 1.1 million kWh /yrsavings from 20150 horsepower, 3@200 hp, 1 @350hp.1250total hp. . In progress /future: 6 pumps totaling 675 hp at Northeast and Cambridge stations; 2pumps at 150 hp each at East station. 975 hp total = 0.78' existing= 858,000 kWh savings. 75B -91 84 appendix B Measure Calculation Assumptions Energy- Solar Photovoltaic Systems Based on PV on parking garage about 1 00f x 2003 = Municipal 20,000 sq ft. 8 -10 watts ac output per sq tt is typical, Operations using 8 watts/ sq ft as a conservative estimate =160 kw - ; potential for site. Using PV watts (www.nrel.gov /rredc/ pvwatts) program gives 236,594 kwh annual AC output. Energy— Vending Machine Retrofits Estimated 66 vending machines. Savings of 2,231 kWh/ Municipal vending machinelyear (from the Energy Star savings Operations calculator for 500 can capacity vending machines with additional software controls). Solid Waste AB 341 Commercial and Multifamily Assumes recycling diversion rate increases to 35% by Recycling 2020 and 50% by 2035. Solid Waste food Waste Digestion Total organic waste taken from inventory; residential = 57.8% food waste, commercial =72.8% food waste (percentages of organic waste: source Cal Recycles). 3300 ft3 biogas/ton food waste. 1000 BTU /ft3 biogas (biogas production and BTU content from East Bay Municipal Utility District 2008. "Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste. "), Combustion turbine with 35% generation efficiency, 85% capacity factor. 3,412kWh /BTU. By 2020 capturing 25% of food waste, by 2035 capturing 75 %. Water and Rainwater Harvesting 2,116 ft2 average roof area (estimated with GIS) per Wastewater - home. Annual rainfall 13.63 inches, 50% captured. - 11,110 kWh /million gallons water. 1000 rain barrels = 29 MTCOze /yr Water and - Turf Removal 296 f12 average yard size in Santa Ana (based on sample Wastewater of 32 yards measured with GIS). Water requirement 0.6 ft3 /year /ft2 (from University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources "Lawn Watering Guide for California. ") 500 homes participate by 2020; 2000 by 2035. 2.6 million ft3 /year water saved. 11,110 kWh /million gallons water. 75B -92 This page intentionally left blank 75B -93 75B -94 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDYINEGATIVE DECLARATION for the City of Santa Ana Prepared for: City of Santa Ana Planning Division, M -20 20 Civic Center Plaza Santa Ana, CA 92701 Prepared by: AECOM 401 West A Street #1200 San Diego, CA 92101 Exhibit 2 7513-95 75B -96 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Table of Contents Section Page 1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................ ..............................1 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ ............................... 1 1.2 Regional Setting ...................................................................................................... ............................... 1 1.3 City Characteristics ................................................................................................. ..............................1 1.4 Project Background ............................................................................................... ............................... 4 1.5 Project Objectives .................................................................................................. ............................... 5 1.6 Project Description ................................................................................................ ............................... 6 1.6.1 Emissions Inventory, Baseline and Projections ................................. ............................... 6 1.6.2 GHG Emission Reduction Measures .................................................. ............................... 7 1.6.3 Potential Environmental Impacts ...................................................... ............................... 10 2. ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST ..................................................... .............................11 2.1 Background ............................................................................................................. .............................11 2.2 Environmental Factors Potentially Affected ................................................... ............................... 13 2.3 Determination ...................................................................................................... ............................... 13 2.4 Summary of Environmental Impact Analysis ................................................. ............................... 14 3. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS ....................................................... .............................21 3.1 Aesthetics ................................................................................................................ .............................21 3.2 Agriculture and Forestry Resources .................................................................. ............................... 23 3.3 Air Quality ............................................................................................................. ............................... 24 3.4 Biological Resources ............................................................................................ ............................... 26 3.5 Cultural Resources ................................................................................................. .............................28 3.6 Geology and Soils ................................................................................................ ............................... 30 3.7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions ................................................................................. .............................32 3.8 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ..................................................................... ............................... 34 3.9 Hydrology and Water Quality ............................................................................ ............................... 36 3.10 Land Use and Planning ....................................................................................... ............................... 39 3.11 Mineral Resources ................................................................................................ ............................... 40 3.12 Noise ........................................................................................................................ .............................41 3.13 Population and Housing ..................................................................................... ............................... 43 3.14 Public Services ...................................................................................................... ............................... 44 3.15 Recreation ............................................................................................................. ............................... 45 3.16 Transportation / Traffic ......................................................................................... .............................45 3.17 Utilities and Service Systems ................................................................................ .............................47 3.18 Mandatory Findings of Significance ................................................................. ............................... 49 4. REFERENCES ................................................................................. .............................51 5. LIST OF PREPARERS .................................................................... .............................54 October 2015 75B -97 Page SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Table of Contents Figure Page Figure 1 Regional Location Map ......................................................................................... ............................... 2 Figure2 Project Location Map ............................................................................................ ............................... 3 Figure 3 Community -wide 2008 Baseline GHG Emissions ........................................... ............................... 7 Table Page Table 1 GI IG Emissions Reduction of Existing Measures ........................................... ............................... 8 Table 2 GHG Emissions Reduction of CAP Measures ................................................. ............................... 9 Table 3 GHG Emissions Reduction Totals ..................................................................... .............................10 Page ii 75B -98 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 1. Project Description 1.1 INTRODUCTION California has adopted a wide variety of regulations aimed at reducing the State's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In addition to the efforts at the State level, local governments have broad influence and, in some cases, exclusive jurisdiction over activities that contribute to significant GHG emissions through their planning and permitting processes, local ordinances, outreach and education efforts, and municipal operations. As a result, many communities throughout the state are taking responsibility for planning to reduce energy use and emissions. Through proactive measures in land use, transportation, energy efficiency, green building, waste diversion, water conservation and more, local governments help residents and businesses save money while improving quality of life and reducing emissions in their communities. Over the past three years, the City of Santa Ana (City) has gathered input from residents and businesses and has prepared a Climate Action Plan (CAP) for public review and comment. The CAP represents the City's commitment to improving quality of life by reducing carbon pollution, both from its own operations and from the community as a whole. 1.2 REGIONAL SETTING The City of Santa Ana covers 27.3 square miles in Orange County between the metropolitan areas of Los Angeles and San Diego, and is approximately 10 miles east of the Pacific Ocean and 7 miles west of the Santa Ana Mountains. Interstate 5 (I -5) intersects the northeast section of the City, connecting Santa Ana to the greater Los Angeles region and southern Orange County. State Route 55 (SR -55) also serves the City along the south and east side and connects to SR -22, which serves the northern portion of Santa Ana. Interstate 405 (I -405) runs north and south and is located just south of the City boundary. The Santa Ana River is a channelized river that collects runoff from Riverside and Orange counties and runs through Santa Ana before continuing on between the cities of Huntington Beach and Costa Mesa and entering the Pacific Ocean, Figures 1 and 2 show the regional location and local project area, respectively. 13 CITY CHARACTERISTICS The project area consists of all land located within the incorporated limits of the City of Santa Ana. Of the total 27.3 square miles identified in the Land Use Element of the City's General Plan, approximately 58% is devoted to residential development, 15% to commercial uses, 14% to industrial uses, 11% to public and October 2015 Page 1 75B -99 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA vm boa Lpng V (j2) 5..,..:E5RI2015 Page 2 75B -100 k7 1 San (lern ante - ILegend ! f City Boundary C#7,j Figure I ion Ma October 2015 0 1 2We, October 2015 75B -101 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Legend City Boundary Figure 2 Page 3 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA institutional uses, and 2% to public parkland and open space. t The City is almost entirely built out, and new development would consist mostly of infill and redevelopment projects. 1.4 PROJECT BACKGROUND California has adopted a wide variety of regulations aimed at reducing the State's GHG emissions. The Governor is authorized to issue executive orders, or formal written directives, that typically only affect state agencies, departments, boards, and commissions. The executive orders can be used to enforce public policy embodied in the laws and Constitution. However, the Governor is limited in the use of executive orders, as they may not interfere or conflict with existing legislation. Executive Order S -3 -05, signed in June 2005, proclaimed that California is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. To combat those concerns, the Executive Order established total GHG emissions targets. Specifically, emissions are to be reduced to year 2000 level by 2010, the 1990 level by 2020, and to 80% below the 1990 level by 2050. In 2006, this goal was reinforced with the passage of Assembly Bill (AB) 32, the Global Warming Solutions Act. AB 32 requires California to reduce statewide GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. AB 32 directs the California Air Resources Board (ARB) to develop and implement regulations that reduce statewide GHG emissions. AB 32 further requires that the California Air Resources Board (ARB) create a plan that includes market mechanisms, and implement rules to achieve "real, quantifiable, cost - effective reductions of greenhouse gases." The Climate Change Scoping Plan (Seeping Plan) was approved by ARB in December 2008 and outlines the State's plan to achieve the GHG reductions required in AB 32. In the Scoping Plan, ARB encourages local governments to adopt a reduction goal for municipal operations emissions and move toward establishing similar goals for community emissions that parallel the State commitment to reduce GHGs. ARB is required to update the Scoping Plan at least once every 5 years to evaluate progress and develop future inventories that may guide this process. ARB approved the First Update to the Climate Change Scoping Plan: Building on the Framework in June 2014.2 The Scoping Plan update includes a status of the 2008 Scoping Plan measures and other state, federal, and local efforts to reduce GHG emissions in California and potential actions to further reduce GHG emissions by 2020. The Scoping Plan Update confirms that the state is on track to meet the 2020 emissions reduction target. In April 2015, Governor Edmund Brown issued Executive Order B -30 -15 establishing a statewide GHG reduction goal of 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. The emission reduction target acts as an interim goal between the AB 32 goal (i.e., achieve 1990 emission levels by 2020) and Governor Brown's Executive Order S -03 -05 goal of reducing statewide emissions 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050. ' City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Land Use Element p. 6. Available online at hit � / /ww ci sania -ana cans /generalplan /documents /1 vtdLJse�12df, accessed September 2, 2015. - California Air Resources Board. First Update to the CNe Bate Change Scoping Plan: Building on the Framer ork. Adopted May 2014. Available online at: http : / /wwwarbcagov /ec /"scol2inlr121an /2013 update /first update climate change scoring nlan.pdf, accessed September 1, 2015. Page 4 October 2015 75B -102 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Senate Bill 375 (SB 375), signed in September 2008, enhances California's ability to reach its AB 32 targets and aligns regional transportation planning efforts, regional GHG reduction targets, and land use and housing allocation. SB 375 requires Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) to adopt a Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS) or an Alternative Planning Strategy (APS), which will prescribe land use allocation in that MPO's Regional Transportation Plan (RTP). ARB has established regional targets for 2020 and 2035 for each region covered by one of the state's 18 metropolitan planning organizations. The targets for the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), where Santa Ana is located, are per capita COz emission reductions from passenger vehicles of 8% below 2005 levels by 2020, and 13% below 2005 levels by 2035. Many of the measures in this CAP help to implement strategies from the SCS in the City of Santa Ana. AB 32 and SB 375 do not place any requirements on local governments and also do not require that individual local governments reduce their community emissions to these levels. However, the AB 32 Seeping Plan prepared by ARB, maps out strategies for reaching the AB 32 targets and identifies an important role for local governments in implementing many of the strategies. Local governments are not currently required to adopt climate action plans, and these plans are just one of several approaches that agencies can use to address GHG emissions. 1.5 PROJECT OBJECTIVES In 2007, the City of Santa Ana signed the U.S. Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement, committing to reduce GHG emissions. Santa Ana, in addition to more than 1,000 local governments worldwide, joined ICLEI — Local Governments for Sustamability, an association for local governments to share knowledge and successful strategies toward increasing local sustainability. ICLEI provides a CAP framework and methodology for local governments to identify and reduce GHG emissions: 1. Conduct an inventory and forecast of local GI IG emissions; 2. Establish GHG emissions reduction targets; 3. Develop a CAP for achieving the emissions reduction targets; 4. Implement the CAP; and 5. Monitor and report on progress. As mentioned above, one of the steps in the framework is to develop a CAP to achieve reduction targets. The project objectives, derived from the framework and from the Scoping Plan, are expressed below. • Adopt a Climate Action Plan that will comply with and implement State law, citywide sustainability, and reflect community values. • Place the City on a path to reduce annual community -wide GHG emissions by 15% below 2008 baseline emission levels by 2020 and 30% by 2035. • Provide clear guidance to City staff and decision - makers regarding when and how to implement key actions to reduce GHG emissions. • Inspire residents and businesses to participate in community efforts to reduce GI IG emissions. October 2015 Page 5 75B -103 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 1.6 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The proposed project is adoption of the CAP, a document that provides measures intended to reduce GHG omissions within the City. The CAP describes the 2008 baseline GHG emissions produced in Santa Ana and estunates business -as -usual emissions that could be expected in 2020 and 2035. GHG emissions were estimated for 2008, 2020, and 2035 for both cotmmunity -wide and municipal operations. The City has indirect ability to influence many sources and activities producing community -wide emissions, while it has more direct control over municipal operations emissions. Municipal operations emissions are a subset of community -wide emissions. Overall, the goal of the CAP is to reduce Santa Ana's community -wide GHG emissions by 15% below 2008 emission levels by the year 2020. In addition, Santa Ana has established a goal to place the City on a path to reduce community -wide emissions by 30% below 2008 emission levels by the year 2035. For municipal operations emissions, the City has established goals of 30% below 2008 ennission levels by 2020 and 40% below 2008 emission levels by 2035. The Draft CAP identifies measures that have a quantifiable emissions reduction and also includes recommended action steps, co- benefits, cost, and funding sources. The Draft CAP is the result of extensive co rimunity outreach and public participation. An initial public engagement session was held in March 2012, where participants suggested potential emissions reduction measures to be included in the CAP. The measures gathered were then analyzed for feasibility and assessed by City staff. The working list of measures was presented to key stakeholders and to the public in additional workshops in Judy 2014. Feedback from these sessions was incorporated, resulting in the measures included in the CAP. 1.6.1 EMISSIONS INVENTORY, BASELINE AND PROJECTIONS To establish an effective baseline for the CAP, the City used the "Local Government Significant Influence" frame, which includes those emissions sources and activities that the City government has significant ability to influence through regulation, incentives, or other measures. GHG emissions were calculated for both community -wide and municipal operations sources for 2008 based on activity data (i.e., energy consumption, vehicle miles traveled) for each emission sector. In 2008, emissions from community -wide sources and activities in Santa Ana were approximately 1.96 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MMTCO,e). As shown in Figure 3, transportation and land use activities were the largest emissions sources and contributed approximately 48% of Santa Ana's annual GHG emissions. Energy use within buildings contributed approximately 42% of Santa Ana's community -wide GHG emissions. Solid waste generation contributed approximately 3 %, water and wastewater contributed approximately 3 %, and the remaining 4% was classified as other. Page 6 October 2015 75B -104 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Figure 3: Community -wide 2008 Baseline GHG Emissions Sol Ge Transportation and Land Usc Commercial /- Industrial Energy Use 29% Santa Ana's GHG emissions levels were also projected for the years 2020 and 2035 to determine the emission reductions needed to achieve the City's goal. Projections were calculated for a trend scenario, also known as a business -as -usual scenario, which assumes that historical emission trends would continue. Under this scenario, Santa Ana's community -wide GHG emissions are expected to increase by 5% to approximately 2.06 MMTCO2e in 2020 and by 11% to 2.17 MMTCO2C in 2035. To meet the City's 2020 goal of 15% below 2008 baseline emissions, Santa Ana will need to reduce its GHG emissions from 2.06 to 1.66 MMTCO2e by 2020. This goal would require a reduction of 400,000 MTCO2e. To meet the City's 2035 goal of 30% below 2008 baseline emissions, Santa Ana will need to reduce its GHG emissions from 2.17 to 1.37 MMTCO2e by 2035. This is a reduction of 800,000 MTCO2e. Municipal operations emissions were estimated to be 31,413 MTCO2e, or about 1.6% of the City's total community -wide emissions. The largest source of municipal emissions was energy consumption within the buildings and facilities sector, which accounted for 31% of all municipal emissions. The City municipal staff has decreased significantly in recent years, and may decrease further in conning years. Because of this trend it was assumed that no growth would occur in municipal operations; therefore, business -as -usual municipal operations emissions in 2020 and 2035 are expected to be the same as in 2008. 1.6.2 GHG EMISSION REDUCTION MEASURES Several initiatives are underway that improve quality of life in Santa Ana while reducing carbon pollution. These existing climate action measures were implemented or planned for prior to the development of the Draft CAP. The existing measures include emissions reductions that were achieved between 2008 and 2012, and emissions reductions that are planned for but not yet implemented, such as long range transportation plans. The emissions reductions associated with the existing measures were estimated and subtracted from 2015 Page 7 75B -105 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA the City's business -as -usual scenario to assess the level of reductions achieved without implementation of the Draft CAP. Table 1 shows the existing measures and the emissions reduction quantified for each measure. Table 1. GHG Emissions Reduction of Existing Measures Measure Emission Reduction MTCO2e /Year 2020 2035 Southern California Edison (SCE) Programs 7,517 7,517 Southern California Gas Company (SCG) Programs 8,362 8,362 Weatherization 1,533 1,533 Solar 5,751 5,751 Water conservation 1,853 1,853 Reclaimed water 142 142 Increased recycling rate 2,060 2,060 LED street lighting 365 365 City facilities -- ARRA funded efficiency 362 362 City water wells -- efficient motors 461 461 Transportation initiatives' 23,492 48,390 Total 51,898 76,796 i 'the emtsston reductions for tcansportanon 1njuanVCS rant are planned, nor not unptemenrea, were Cbt11¢2UCU UL ao,4>4 MTCO2e per year in 2020. The estimated benefit of these initiatives would be 48,390 MTCO2e per year in 2035. Source: ICLEI -USA 2015 The Draft CAP includes measures related to reducing future emissions from transportation and land use, energy, solid waste, water and wastewater. Table 2 identifies the MTCO2e reductions that would be expected from implementation of each proposed measure. Measures in green are measures that are state mandates or utility programs and measures in yellow are measures that were developed through the CAP process. Implementation of the Draft CAP and emissions reductions from existing measures would result in annual community -wide GHG emissions reductions of 418,896 MTCO2e by 2020 and 731,090 MTCO2e by 2035. Therefore, the City would meet its goal for 2020 by reducing emissions by 16% below 2008 emissions. In 2035, the Draft CAP would result in a reduction of 25% below the 2008 baseline emission levels. Table 3 shows the total emissions reductions of the existing measures and the CAP measures combined in relation to the City's goal. The City will continue to evaluate and monitor the Draft CAP by (1) cracking the implementation status of individual measures, (2) estimating emissions reductions associated with individual measures, and (3) conducting a periodic re-inventory of community -wide emissions. The City will publish an annual progress report that details the status of each measure in the Draft CAP. Conducting a periodic re- inventory and comparing the results with past inventories will show how Santa Ana community emissions are changing overall, and whether they are on track to meet the adopted goals. A re- inventory will be completed in 2018 and every three to five years after that time. Page 8 October 2015 75B -106 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Table 2. GHG Emissions Reduction of CAP Measures Measures Reduction in 2020 (MT CO2e/ Year ) Reduction in 2035 (MT CO2e/ Year Transportation and Land Use Pavle II 130,308 335,939 Development of Local Retail Service Nodes 916 14,660 Local Residential Nodes near Retail and Employment 916 14,660 Traffic Signal Synchronization Program 2,504 5,864 Local Employment Nodes near Residential and Retail Areas 366 5,864 End of Trip Facilities in New Projects 366 5,864 Safe Routes to School 2,129 4,984 Design Guidelines for External Bllce /Pedestrian /Transit Connectivi 311 4,984 Design Guidelines for Internal Bilie /Pedestrian /Transit Connectivity 311 4,984 Adjust Parldng Ratios 311 4,984 Community-wide Bike Sharing Stations 311 4,984 Municipal Operations Measures 709 2,041 Energy CA Renewable Portfolio Standard 182,020 182,762 Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Financing - Commercial 3,791 8,458 SCE Small and Medium Business Direct Install 7,793 7,793 PACE Financing - Residential 1,633 5,833 Solar Photovoltaic Systems - New Private Install 4,881 4,881 SCE and SCG Residential Programs 3,965 3,965 Weatherization 3,720 3,720 SCG Commercial Programs 3,280 3,280 Streetlight Purchase and Retrofit 160 2,556 Benchmitking and Retrocommissioning 1,533 2,147 Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards - Commercial 490 1,050 Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards - Residential 329 705 Solar Hot Water Heating Systems for Laundromats 267 267 Green Business Challen e Program 78 78 Municipal Operations Measures 4,503 3,176 Solid Waste, Water, and Wastewater AB 341 Commercial and Multifamily Recycling 8,460 12,663 Food Waste Digestion 605 1,109 Rainwater Harves ting 29 29 Turf Removal 2.5 10 Total 366,998 654,294 Source: ICLEI -USA 2015 October 2015 75B -107 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Table 3. GHG Emissions Reduction Totals Measures Emission Reduction MTCOze /Year 2020 2035 Existing Measures 51,898 76,796 CAP Measures 366,998 654,294 Total of Existing Measures and CAP Measures Combined 418,896 731,090 Goal 400,000 800,000 1.6.3 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Although the overall purpose of the CAP is to reduce the impact that the community will have on global climate change and GHG emissions, implementation of measures within the CAP could potentially result in adverse impacts on the physical environmental as a result of construction and operational activities. Construction of solar photovoltaic systems or other energy infrastructure, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and building retrofits could result in increased criteria pollutant and GHG emissions and noise impacts from construction activities. Completing energy efficient retrofits to existing residential, commercial, and municipal buildings could potentially affect culturally- significant historical buildings. Some land use development projects could also result in higher urban runoff and ambient noise levels, increases in population and resulting needs for services, utilities, and infrastructure. In addition to these potential impacts on the physical environment, implementation of the CAP could also result in the need to amend some City planning documents and regulations, such as the General Plan, the Zoning Ordinance, and Specific Plans. Page 10 October 2015 75B -108 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 2. Environmental Checklist 2.1 BACKGROUND 1. Project Title: Santa Ana Climate Action Plan 2. Lead Agency Name and Address: City of Santa Ana Planning Division, M -20 20 Civic Centex Plaza Santa Ana, CA 92701 3. Contact Person and Phone Number: Melanie McCann, Associate Planner (714) 667 -2746 4. Project Location: The proposed project consists of all land area located within the incorporated limits of the City of Santa Ana. Santa Ana covers 27.3 square miles in Orange County between the metropolitan areas of Los Angeles and San Diego and is approximately 10 miles east of the Pacific Ocean and 7 miles west of the Santa Ana Mountains. 5. Project Sponsor's Name and Address: City of Santa Ana Planning Division, M -20 20 Civic Center Plaza Santa Ana, CA 92701 6. General Plan Designation: Existing land use designations include Low Density Residential (LR -7), Low - Medium Density Residential (LMR -11), Medium Density Residential (MR -15); Mixed Use — District Centex (DC) and Urban Neighborhood (UN); Connmercial — Professional and Administrative Office (PAO), General Commercial (GC), One Broadway Plaza District Center (OBPDC); as well as Industrial (IND); Institutional (INS), and Open Space (OS). 7. Zoning: Existing zoning districts includes General Agriculture (Al), Residential Estate (RE), Single - Family Residence (R1), Two Family Residence (R2), Multiple Family Residence (R3), Suburban Apartment (R4), Professional (P), Government Centex (GC), Connnumt, Commercial (Cl), Community Commercial Museum District (C1 -MD), General Commercial (C2), Planning Shopping Center (C4), Arterial October 2015 Page 11 75B -109 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Commercial (C5), Commercial Residential (CR), Light Industrial (M1), Heavy Industrial (M2), South Main Street Commercial (C -SM), Open Space (OS), Specific Plan (SP), Specific Development (SD), Military Operations (MO), and Overlay Zone (OZ). 8. Description of Project: The proposed project is the adoption of the CAP, a document that provides measures intended to reduce GHG emissions within the City. The CAP describes the 2008 baseline GHG emissions produced in Santa Ana and estimates business -as -usual emissions that could be expected in 2020 and 2035. GHG emissions were estimated for 2008, 2020, and 2035 for both community -wide and municipal operations. The City has indirect ability to influence many sources and activities producing community -wide emissions, while it has more direct control over municipal operations emissions. Municipal operations emissions are a subset of community -wide emissions. Overall, the goal of the CAP is to reduce Santa Ana's community -wide GHG emissions by 15 percent below 2008 emission levels by the year 2020. In addition, Santa Ana has established a goal to reduce community -wide emissions by 30 percent below 2008 emission levels by the year 2035. For municipal operations emissions, the City has established goals of 30 percent reduction by 2020 and 40 percent reduction by 2035. The Draft CAP identifies measures that have a quantifiable emissions reduction and also includes recommended action steps, co- benefits, cost, and funding sources. The Draft CAP is the result of extensive community outreach and public participation. An initial public engagement session was held in March 2012, where participants suggested potential emissions reduction measures to be included in the CAP. The measures gathered were then analyzed for feasibility and assessed by City staff. The working list of measures was presented to key stakeholders and to the public in additional workshops in July 2014. Feedback from these sessions was incorporated, resulting in the measures included in the CAP. 9. Surrounding Land Uses and Setting: The City of Santa Ana is built on relatively flat land and is bordered by the cities of Orange to the north; Garden Grove, Westminster, and Fountain Valley to the west; Costa Mesa and Irvine to the south; and Tustin to the east. The project area consists of all land located within the incorporated limits of the City of Santa Ana. Of the total 27.3 square miles identified in the Land Use Element of the City's General Plan, approximately 58% is devoted to residential development, 15% to commercial uses, 14% to industrial uses, 11% to public and institutional uses, and 2% to public parkland and open space.3 The City is almost entirely built out, and new development would consist mostly of infill and redevelopment projects. 10. Other Public Agencies Whose Approval Is Required: The City of Santa Ana is the lead agency with responsibility for approving the proposed Draft CAP and its measures. No other public agency approvals are needed. 3 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. Cary of Santa Ana General Plan Land Ure Element p. 6. Available online at: httl2�/ /ww ci,saiita-an,q.ca.us/"generatplqn/documeiit,s/LandUse.pd accessed September 2, 2015. Page 12 October 2015 75B -110 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a "Potentially Significant Impact." as indicated by the Environmental Impacts discussion in Section 3. ❑ Aesthetics ❑ Agriculture Resources ❑ Air Quality ❑ Biological Resources ❑ Cultural Resources ❑ Geology /Soils ❑ Greenhouse Gas Emissions ❑ Hazards /Hazardous Materials ❑ Hydrology /Water Quality ❑ Land Use /Planning ❑ A�linera.l Resources ❑ Noise ❑ Population /Housing ❑ Public Services ❑ Recreation ❑ Transportation /Traffic ❑ Utilities /Seavice Systems ❑ Mandatory Findings of Significance 2.3 DETERMINATION On the basis of this initial evaluation: ® I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment, and a NEGATIVE. DECLARATION will be prepared. © I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be A significant effect in this case because revisions in the project have been made by or agreed to by the project proponent. A. MITIGATED 1,TEGA'I''IN7L DECLARATION will be prepared. ❑ I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment, and an environmental impact report is required. ❑ I find that the proposed project may have a "potentially significant impact" or "potentially significant unless ndtigatcd" impact on the environment, but at least one effect 1) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and 2) has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain to be addressed. ❑ I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, because All potentially significant: effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier FIR pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier EIR, including revisions or mitigation measures that are,imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required. Signature Date Melanie McCann, Associate Planner City of Santa Ana October 2015 Page 13 75B -111 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 2.4 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS Page 14 75B -112 October 2015 a R M I. AESTHETICS. Would the project a. Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? X b. Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, % rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? C. Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and % its surroundings? d. Create a new source of substantial light or glare that would adversely affect x day or nighttime views in the area? II. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES. In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Department of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the Califoriva Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state's inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range Assessment Project and the Forest Legacy Assessment project, and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board. Would the project: a. Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the % Farmland Mapping and IYlonitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non - agricultural use? b. Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson act % contract? c. Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined % by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(8))? d. Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non - forest % use? e. Involve other changes in the existing environment that, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non- X agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non - forest use? III. AIR QUALITY. Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project: a. Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? X b. Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or % projected air quality violation? Page 14 75B -112 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA October 2015 75B -113 Page 15 l q U U �Op •W A V a t c. Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non - attainment under an applicable federal X or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors)? d. Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? X e. Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people? X IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project: a. Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, of by the X California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? b. Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, X regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? c. Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water .Act (including, but not limited X to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? d. Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or X migratory wildlife corridors, of impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? e. Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological X resources, such as a free preservation policy or ordinance? f. Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, X or state habitat conservation plan? V. CULTURAL RESOURCES. Would the project: a. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical X resource as defined in CEQ.A Guidelines Section 15064.5? b. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological X resource pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5? C. Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site of X unique geologic feature? d. Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal X cemeteries? October 2015 75B -113 Page 15 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Page 16 75B -114 October 2015 q R R R tgtl U U pVnn A o P fo u y G O VI. GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project: a. Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, X including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent rllquist- Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist X for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special publication 42. ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? X iii) Seismic - related ground failure, including liquefaction? X iv) Landslides? X b. Result in substantial soft erosion, loss of topsoil, or changes in topography X or unstable soil conditions from excavation, grading, or fill? C. Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on -or off -site X landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? d. Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18 -1 -B of the Uniform X Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? e. Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for X the disposal of wastewater? VIL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS: Would the project: a. Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may X have a significant impacts on the environment? b. Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the X purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? VIII. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS: Would the project: a. Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the X routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? b. Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release X of hazardous materials into the environment? C. Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one - quarter mile of an existing or X proposed school? d. Be located on a site that is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, X would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? Page 16 75B -114 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA October 2015 Page 17 75B -115 q fir•. a � � q v e. For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use X airport, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? f. For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project X result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? g. Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted X emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? h. Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland foes, including where wildlands are adjacent to X urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? IX. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Would the project: a. Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? X b. Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level (e.g., the X production rate of pre- existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted)? c. Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of stream or river, in a manner that X would result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off site? d. Substantially alter the existing drainage pattem of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially X increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner that would result in flooding on- or off -site? e. Create of contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stofmwater drainage systems or provide substantial X additional sources of polluted runoff? E Otherwise substantially degrade water quality? X g. Place housing within a 100 -year flood hazard area as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood X hazard delineation map? h. Place within a 100 -year flood hazard area structures that would impede or X redirect flood flows? i. Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or X darn? j. Inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow? X October 2015 Page 17 75B -115 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Page 1s 75B -116 October 2015 R d 0 R ro K L7 'a U a A a a a z X. LAND USE AND PLANNING. Would the project: a. Physically divide an established community? X b. Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the project (including, but not limited to the X general plan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? c. Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural X community conservation plan? XI. MINERAL RESOURCES. Would the project: a. Result in the loss of availability of a lmown mineral resource that would be X of value to the region and the residents of the state? b. Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land X use plan? XILNOISE. Would the project result in: a. Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordnance, or applicable X standards of other agencies? b. Exposure of persons to or generation of excessive groundbome vibration X or groundbofne noise levels? c. A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project X vicinity above levels existing without the project? d. A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the X project vicinity above levels existing without the project? e. For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport of public use X airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? E. For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise X levels? XIII. POPULATION AND HOUSING. Would the project: a. Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for X example, through extension of roads of other infrastructure)? b. Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the X construction of replacement housing elsewhere? C. Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of X replacement housing elsewhere? Page 1s 75B -116 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA October 2015 75B -117 Page 19 a Q F G o 0 w H PI Vi a N a XIV. PUBLIC SERVICES. a. Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction X of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives fox any of the public services: i) Fire protection? X ii) Police protection? X iii) Schools? X iv) Parks? X v) Other public facilities? - X XV. RECREATION. a. Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical X deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? b. Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities that might have an adverse physical X effect on the environment? XVI. TRANSPORTATION /TRAFFIC. Would the project: a. Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance or policy establishing measures of effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system, taking into account all modes of transportation including mass transit and non- X motorized travel and relevant components of the circulation system, including but not limited to intersections, streets, highways and freeways, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and mass transit? b. Conflict with an applicable congestion management program, including, but not limited to level of service standards and travel demand measures, X of other standards established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads of highways? C. Result in a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in X traffic levels or a change in location that results in substantial safety risks? d. Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or X dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? e. Result in inadequate emergency access? X E Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or pedestrian facilities, or otherwise decrease the performance or X safety of such facilities? October 2015 75B -117 Page 19 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Page 20 75B -118 October 2015 p k q n ro U U M U � Q W.17 Op, F ry �+ Ji F qGq G Y a a y a V a cVd F z XVII. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS. Would the project: a. Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional X Water Quality Control Board? b. Require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could X cause significant environmental effects? c. Require or result in the construction of new stormwater drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause X significant environmental effects? d. Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing X entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed? e. Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider that serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project's X projected demand in addition to the provider's existing commitments? f. Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate X the project's solid waste disposal needs? g. Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to X solid waste? XVIII. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE. a. Does the project have the potential to degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self - sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or X restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? b. Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? "Cumulatively considerable" means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in X connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects. c. Does the project have environmental effects that will cause substantial X adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? Page 20 75B -118 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 3. Environmental Analysis Section 2.4 provided a checklist of environmental impacts. This section provides an evaluation of the impact categories and questions in the checklist. 3.1 AESTHETICS a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? Less Than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP proposes measures that would aid in reducing the City's GHG emissions, and, thus, would not directly lead to development that would affect scenic vistas. However, the proposed measures encourage the installation of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems both through new private installs on residences and businesses, or on municipal facilities, to provide alternative sources of energy. The municipal solar PV system measure assumes the installation of a 160 kW system, which could be installed on one City facility or could represent the total capacity of several systems on multiple City facilities. However, for purposes of environmental analysis, if installed as one system on one structure, the system would cover an area of approximately t00 feet by 200 feet. Both private and municipal PV systems would most likely be placed on rooftops, which could alter scenic views. However, the City is built out, relatively flat, and does not have significant hills or viewpoints that may provide scenic vistas. Nearby hills, including the Santa Ana Mountains to the east and the Puente Hills and the San Bernardino Mountains to the north, are visible from some areas within the City. However, PV systems on commercial or civic structures would likely not be significant enough to block or greatly alter the viewshed and would be subject to Planning and Building Agency review and approval, . In addition, AB 2188, which took effect on January 1, 2015, required local governments to adopt a streamlined and expedited permit approval process for small residential rooftop solar energy panels.a The City of Santa Ana adopted an ordinance to comply with AB 2188 regulations. The ordinance stipulates that once the application process is complete, a permit shall be issued.5 Therefore, small residential rooftop systems, consistent with the size and placement requirements set forth in the ordinance, are not subject to design review or other approval, such as local aesthetic policies. Therefore, impacts to scenic vistas would be less than significant. b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? Less than Significant Impact. There are no state - designated scenic highways within the City of Santa Ana or within view of the City. A segment of State Route 91 (SR -91), from SR -55 to the City of Anaheim east 4 California Legislative Information. Bill Information, AB -2188 Solar energy: permits. Available online at: http : / /leginfo.legislature.ca.gov /faces /bilINai,Chentxhtnil?bill id= 20132014OAB2188, accessed October 13, 2015. 5 City of Santa Ana Building Safety Division. Streamlined Residential Solar Plan Check and Permitting. Available online at: htLD: / /Ww V ci s',mlg-,ma ca us/ pb1 /budditigsafety /`Re�idemialSolg asg, accessed October 13, 2015. October 2015 Page 21 75B -119 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA boundary, is a state designated highway and is located approximately five miles north of the City boundary.o However, implementation of the Draft CAP measures would occur entirely within City limits. Additionally, the City of Santa Ana identifies several scenic corridors within the City that form a specific image of the City. The Scenic Corridors Element of the City's General Plan identifies Main Street, V, Street, and MacArthur Boulevard as primary street corridors and contains policies and programs to enhance the image of the City as viewed from these corridors) However, as discussed above, solar PV systems on commercial or civic structures would likely not be significant enough to block or greatly alter the viewshed and would require Planning and Building Agency review and approval. Additionally, as discussed above, the City of Santa Ana has adopted an ordinance for a streamlined and expedited permit approval process for small residential rooftop solar energy systems per AB 2188. Therefore, the installation of any small residential solar energy system that meet the size and placement requirements set forth in the ordinance would be exempt from local aesthetic policies. Impacts to scenic resources would be less than significant. c) Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP proposes a variety energy efficiency retrofit programs for existing private and municipal buildings. The Draft CAP also includes incentive -based measures to encourage more local retail service node development, new residential development near retail and employment corridors, and additional employment within or adjacent to residential and retail areas. Encouraging this type of development would result in a mix of land uses and live /work units aimed at reducing automobile use and encouraging bike and pedestrian travel. However, these developments are anticipated to be consistent with Citywide Design Guidelines and Zoning to transition with the existing urban environment. Additionally, as discussed above, the installation of commercial or civic solar PV systems could result in slight changes to existing visual character, but would be subject to Planning and Building Agency approval to determine appropriate sizing and placement prior to installation. However, as discussed above, small residential solar energy systems would not be subject to local aesthetic policies so long as they meet the size and placement requirements. Development would also be subject to Planning and Building Agency review and approval, as well as applicable General Plan policies, to ensure that they would not result in substantial changes to the visual character of the City. Therefore, the impacts to the existing visual character within the City would be less than significant. d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare, which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP includes measures related to the installation of solar PV systems on homes, businesses, and municipal facilities. However, solar PV systems are specifically designed to absorb sunlight, not reflect it. Thus, their placement and orientation on private or municipal stauctures would not adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area. In addition, the Draft CAP proposes measures to convert existing high pressure sodium lamp streetlights to more energy efficient LED streetlights. LED streetlights reduce direct and reflected uplight, which are the primary causes of urban sky glow. No new G California Department of Transportation. Officially Designated Scenic Highways. Website: http: / /=dotc,t,�ov /hq /LandArch /16 hvtbility /scenic highw2yshndexhtm, accessed August 31, 2015. 9 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Scenic Corridors Element. Adopted September 20, 1982. Available online at: t[r / /wwu ci snnt2 ,,trot c2 us /geuernlplgn /documents /ScenicCorrido rs pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. Page 22 October 2015 75B -120 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA lighting is anticipated to be installed as the measure proposes replacement of existing fixtures. Therefore, the number of street lights would be the same as existing conditions. Therefore, impacts from light or glare would be less than significant. 3.2 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non - agricultural use? No Impact. The City of Santa Ana does not have any prime farmland, unique farmland, or farmland of statewide importance and is largely built outs No impact to designated farmland would occur. b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? Less than Significant Impact. As stated above in Section 3.2(a), there is no farmland in the City of Santa Ana. Additionally, there is no City land under a Williamson Act contracts However, several parcels within the City are zoned for agricultural use (Al; General Agriculture), The General Agriculture zone permits a variety of uses such as farm ng, including all types of crop agriculture and horticulture, grazing, and small animal farms, parks and recreation uses, temporary farm stands, and low density residential uses.10 The Draft CAP encourages local retail development and residential units near existing retail and employment corridors. Therefore, the Draft CAP would not encourage development of or conflict with existing agricultural uses. This impact would be less than significant. c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code Section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code Section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code Section 51104(g))? No Impact. According to the City's zoning map, there is no land zoned for forest land, timberland, or timberland production in the City of Santa Ana." No impact related to forest land or timberland would occur. d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non - forest rise? 8 California Department of Conservation, Division of Land Resource Protection. Orange County Important Farmland 2012. Available online at: ftp: / /ftp.consrv.ca gov /pub /dlrp[FMMP /pdf /2012 /oral2 pddf, accessed September 1, 2015. 9 California Department of Conservation. Division of Land Resource Protection. Agricultural Preserves 2004 — Williamson Act Parcels Orange County, California. Available online at: bt / /fto consry ca gov /pub /dlrp /wa /Orange WA 03 04.p�c f, accessed September 1, 2015. 10 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. Al (General Agriculture) Zoning Document. Available online at: ham: / /www.ci.santa- ana.ca.us /pba /planning / documents/ Al plc f, accessed September 1, 2015. if City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana Zoning Map. Available online at: http:/ /w ci santa- ana.ca.us/ pba / planning[ documents / %oning2014PuIICity_pdf, accessed September 1, 2015. October 2015 75B -121 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA No Impact. As mentioned above, the City does not have any land that is designated or zoned for forest use. No impact related to forest land conversion would occur. e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non - agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non - forest use? Less than Significant Impact. As discussed above, the City does not have any land that is designated or zoned for forest land. However, several parcels within the City are zoned for agricultural use (Al; General Agriculture). The General Agriculture zone permits a variety of uses such as farming, including all types of crop agriculture and horticulture, grazing, and small animal farms, parks and recreation uses, temporary farm stands, and low density residential uses. The Draft CAP does not encourage conversion of Farmland or forest land to non - agricultural or non -forest use. However, should any new mixed use type development result in changes to the existing environment or land zoned for agricultural use, a zone change would be reviewed and approved by the City. Therefore, this impact would be less than significant. 3.3 AIR QUALITY Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project: a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? Less than Significant Impact. Air quality plans describe air pollution control strategies and measures to be implemented by a city, county, region, and /or air district. The most recent Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) was adopted by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) in December 2012.12 Consistency with the SCAQMD AQMP is based on whether the project would exceed the estimated air basin emissions used as the basis of the plan. The purpose of the Draft CAP is to reduce GHG emissions within the City to help contribute to global efforts to reduce the effects of climate change. Recommendations within the Draft CAP include implementing energy efficient retrofits, developing design guidelines to improve pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connectivity, implementing the Safe Routes to School Program, and encouraging the development of residential nodes near employment and retail corridors. In addition to reducing GHG emissions, each of these elements would help to reduce criteria air pollutants. Short -term criteria pollutant emissions would be generated during construction activities with the use of construction equipment and vehicle trips. Assumptions for off -road equipment emissions in air quality plan were developed based on annual hours of activity and equipment population for the region. The Draft CAP would not increase the assumptions for off -road equipment use in the AQMP. The estimated emissions used as the basis of the air quality plan are also based in part on projections of population and vehicle miles traveled (VMT). The Draft CAP would not increase population or VMT beyond that considered in the General Plan, 12 South Coast Air Quality Management District, 2012 Air Quality Management Plan. Available at httn' / /www agmd gov/ home /library /clean- air - plans/ air - quality- mgt -plan /final- 2012-q.ir-ijualitq- management -plan. Accessed October 19, 2015. Page 24 October 2015 75B -122 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Therefore, the Draft CAP would not conflict with the implementation of the applicable air quality management plan. The impact would be less than significant. b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation? Less than Significant Impact. Short -term air quality emissions would be generated during construction activities associated with implementation of the proposed project. Estimating the construction - related emissions of the Draft CAP is not possible due to the variability and uncertainties related to future individual projects. The measures in the Draft CAP are not are not anticipated to generate significant impacts, because those measures would result in only minor upgrades to existing uses. Examples of these types of these measures include installation of solar PV systems, energy efficiency retrofits, and solar water heating systems for laundromats. All construction activities would be subject to the South Coast AQMD rules related to fugitive dust control (Ride 403) and nuisance (Rule 402). While the Draft CAP encourages land use patterns that would result in emission benefits, the Draft CAP does not encourage or require development of individual land use projects that would not otherwise occur. In addition, any development projects constructed in the City would undergo project -level CEQA review. In addition to reducing GHG emissions, the Draft CAP would help to reduce long -term operational criteria air pollutants. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant. c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non - attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors)? Less than Significant Impact. As discussed in Section 3.3(b) above, construction and operational activities associated with the implementation of the Draft CAP measures would not violate any air quality standard or contribute to an existing or projected air quality violation. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant. d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? Less than Significant Impact. Some members of the population ate especially sensitive to air pollutant emissions and should be given special consideration when evaluating air quality impacts from projects. These people include children, older adults, persons with pre- existing respiratory or cardiovascular illness, and athletes and others who engage in frequent exercise. Sensitive receptors include residences, schools, playgrounds, child care centers, athletic facilities, long -term health care facilities, rehabilitation centers, convalescent centers, and retirement homes. The greatest potential for toxic air contaminant (TAC) emissions would originate from diesel PM emissions associated with off -road equipment operations. However, heath risk assessments should be limited to the period /duration of activities associated with the emissions activity. Because the Draft CAP does not require substantial development activity, implementation of the measures would not be anticipated to expose sensitive receptors to substantial TAC concentrations. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant. e) Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people? October 2015 75B -123 Page SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Less Than Significant Impact. Potential sources that may emit odors during construction activities include exhaust from diesel construction equipment, which could be considered offensive to some individuals. Odors from these sources would be localized and generally confined to the immediate area surrounding the construction site. The Project would use typical construction techniques, and the odors from off -road equipment and on -road vehicles would be typical of most construction sites and temporary in nature. Therefore, the odor impact during construction would be less than significant. The proposed project would not be expected to generate increased odors. The Draft CAP includes a food waste digestion measure that would arrange for the dedicated treatment of food waste. Processing of food waste could result in objectionable odors. However, food waste would go either to dedicated facilities for food waste, or be added to existing anaerobic digesters at wastewater treatment plants that use digester gas for energy. Project operations for those facilities would comply with applicable SCAQMD regulations. Therefore, the odor impact during operation would be less than significant. 3.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or US Fish and Wildlife Service? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP is a policy document that would not directly lead to development that would conflict with local policies protecting listed species. The CAP would not modify, either directly or indirectly, habitats of any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species. Furthermore, the City is largely built out and any existing applicable federal, state, and local policies would constrain development in areas that support sensitive or special status species. In addition, most of the City's open space has undergone significant modification and no longer reflects native habitats. Sensitive species within the City are limited to the possible occurrence of the San Diego Horned Lizard, an endangered species candidate. The species was last seen in 1922 in the northern section of the City and is still presumed to be in existence today. 13 In addition, Santiago Creels is the main tributary of the Santa Ana River and is located in the northern portion of the City. According to the City's General Plan Land Use Element, some non - riparian habitats are located along this channel. 14 Additionally, the City's official flower is the hibiscus and the official tree is the Jacaranda, which are designated as locally significant species within the General Plan. These species can be found along the City's roadway medians and parkways.15 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. Gaily ofSanla Ana General Plan Land Use Element p. A -50. Adopted February 2, 1998. Available online at: http: //w .ci.santa- ana.ca.us /generalplan /documents /LandUseLlement.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Land Use Element p. A -50. Adopted February 2, 1998. Available online at: http: //w .ci.santa- ana.ca.us /generalplan /documents /LandUseElement.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Land Use Element p. A -50. Adopted February 2, 1998. Available online at: http: //w .ci.santa- ana.ca.us /generalplan /documents /LandUseElement.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. Page 26 October 2015 75B -124 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA New mixed use development, as encouraged by the Draft CAP, could be located in areas where sensitive species are known to exist. Additionally, the Draft CAP measures include the replacement of existing streetlights with LED streetlights, which would occur within roadway medians and parkways. However, if new development or streetlight replacement were to involve listed species, project specific biological studies and mitigation would be required as part of specific project approvals in compliance with applicable federal, state and local requirements. Therefore, impacts to species identified as candidate, sensitive, or special status in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations would be less than significant. b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or US Fish and Wildlife Service? Less than Significant Impact. As stated above, the City of Santa Ana is largely built out and contains small amounts of open space that supports very limited habitat. Within the City, the Santa Ana River extends from SR -22 to MacArthur Boulevard and is channelized entirely throughout this segment. Santiago Creek is one area of open space that is not channelized and contains some non - riparian habitat. Plant life in the City of Santa Ana is limited to non - native, introduced, exotic, and ornamental species which are used for landscaping. 16 The Draft CAP is a policy document that would not directly lead to development that would affect riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community. The impact would be less than significant. c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? Less than Significant Impact. There are no wetlands within the City of Santa Ana jurisdiction.17 The Draft CAP is a policy document that would not directly lead to development that would affect federally protected wetlands. The impact would be less than significant. d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP is a policy document that would not directly lead to development that would interfere with movement of resident or migratory fish or wildlife species. The City of Santa Ana contains parks, bridges, mature trees, other vegetation, and structures that are suitable for use by migratory buds. However, due to the urban nature of the City, the majority of birds likely to nest within vegetation or on structures adjacent to the developed alignment would already be tolerant of frequent vehicular and pedestrian presence; indirect impacts to nesting birds are therefore not anticipated. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant 16 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. Cady of Santa Ana General Plan Land Use Element p. A -50. Adopted February 2, 1998. Available online at: http: / /www.ci.santa- ana.ca.us /general plan /documents /LandUseElement.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. 17 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. National Wetlands InventorT. Available online ae httn://www.fxvs.gov/wetiancls/d,,ttq/in,,il3l2eA-.1ITML, accessed Octobef 13, 2015. October 2015 Page 27 75B -125 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP is a policy document that would not directly lead to development that would conflict with local policies protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy. However, the Draft CAP recommends measures to improve pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connectivity and implement the Safe Routes to School Program, which could result in the development of expanded alternative transportation facilities. Should sidewalks and bike paths be expanded as part of the proposed project, any removal of trees and vegetation along City streets would comply with the City's tree planting, maintenance, and removal ordinance within the City of Santa Ana Municipal Code.19 The ordinance requires approval related to street tree planting requirements, public tree care and maintenance, and planting of certain street tree species. Thus, impacts related to local policies or ordinance, such as a tree preservation policy, would be less than significant. t) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? No Impact. No Habitat Conservation Plan or Natural Communities Conservation Plan applies to the City of Santa Ana. The County of Orange Natural Communities Conservation Plan and Habitat Conservation Plan includes central and coastal areas within the County, but does not include any areas of the City of Santa Ana. 19 No impact would occur. 3.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in 15064.5? Less than Significant Impact. Section 15064.5 defines historic resources as resources listed or determined to be eligible for baring by the State Historical Resources Commission, a local register of historical resources, or the lead agency. Generally a resource is considered to be "historically significant" if it meets one of the following criteria: • Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California's history and cultural heritage; • Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; • Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values; or • Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. 18 City of Santa Ana. Municipal Code. Chapter 33 Article VII. 19 California Department of Fish and Wildlife. NCCP Plan Summary — County of Orange (Central /Coastal) NCCP /HCP. Website: https:/ /www wildlife rt gov /Conservation /Planning /NCCP /Plans /Orange - Coastal, accessed August 31, 2015. Page 28 October 2015 75B -126 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA According to the City of Santa Ana General Plan, these are a number of sites in the City that are considered National and State historic resources. In addition, as of 2014, the City has locally designated over 560 structures to the Santa Ana Register of Historic Properties.20 The Draft CAP proposes to retrofit older buildings to be mote energy efficient and install solar PV systems on structures within the City. As discussed above, the City of Santa Ana has adopted an ordinance for a streamlined and expedited permit approval process for small residential rooftop solar energy systems per AB 2188. Therefore, the installation of any small residential solar energy system that meet the size and placement requirements set forth in the ordinance would be permitted so long as the application is complete. Therefore, solar PV systems that would be installed on small residential historic structures would not be subject to local historic resource preservation policies. Should any historic structures be proposed for other energy efficient retrofits, compliance with federal, state, and local policies related to historical resources would ensure a less than significant impact. b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to S 15064.5? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP does not propose any measure that would directly result in an adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource. According to the City of Santa Ana General Plan, there is one prehistoric site located near Santiago Creek.21 The site originally contained grinding stones and was disturbed in 1965 during the development of a residential subdivision. Additionally, there are 18 post contact (following European contact) archaeological sites that have been identified. However, construction associated with CAP measures, such as expanding pedestrian, bicycle, and transit facilities or implementing the Safe Routes to School Program, would most lil(ely take place within existing rights -of -way. Should construction associated with implementation of the proposed measures take place outside the existing rights -of -way, new ground disturbance has the potential to uncover unknown resources. In addition, should any construction take place in close proximity to or within the identified prehistoric site near Santiago Creek, compliance with applicable regulations would be necessary and an onsite monitor during construction activity may be required. In the event that this occurs, compliance with State regulations pertaining to discovery of archaeological resources would ensure a less than significant impact. c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP does not propose any measure that would directly result in an adverse change in the significance of a paleontological resource. Construction associated with the proposed measures would most likely take place within existing rights -of -way. I Iowever, should construction associated with implementation of the proposed measures occur, new ground disturbance has the potential to uncover unlmown resources. In the event that this occurs, compliance with State regulations pertaining to discovery of paleontological resources would ensure a less than significant impact. d) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? 20 City of Santa Ana Planning Division, Santa Ana Register of Historical Properties. Website: http2 www.ci.santa- aiaa.ea.us /pba /planning /documents /Ffistoiic Register pddf, accessed Octobef 13, 2015. 21 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of SandaAria General Plan Land Use Elmlend p. A -57. Adopted February 2, 1998. Available online at: http:// www .ci.santa- ana.ca.us /generalplan /documents /LandUseE+lement.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. October 2015 Page 29 75B -127 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Less than Significant Impact. There is a remote possibility that ground- disturbing activities that would occur as a result of implementing transportation and land use measures as set forth in the Draft CAP could uncover previously unknown human remains. In the unlikely event that this occurs, compliance with State regulations pertaining to discovery of human remains would ensure a less than significant impact. 3.6 GEOLOGY AND SOILS a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist -Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning map, issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. Less than Significant Impact. The City of Santa Ana is not located within an Alquist- Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone as illustrated on the maps issued by the State Geologist for the area.22 The City of Santa Ana is located in a seismically active area, as is most of southern California. The Newport - Inglewood -Rose Canyon fault is located approximately eight miles southwest of the City.23 However, no active faults are located within City boundaries. Impacts would be less than significant. ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? Less than Significant Impact. The City of Santa Ana is located in a seismically active area, as is most of southern California. As stated above, the Newport- Inglewood -Rose Canyon fault is located approximately eight miles southwest of the City. Any development that occurs as a result of the Draft CAP measures would adhere to seismic standards in the latest version of the California Building Code (CBC). The City has adopted the 2013 CBC under the City's Municipal Code. Therefore, impacts to seismic ground shaking would be less than significant. iii) Seismic - related ground failure, including liquefaction? Less than Significant Impact. Liquefaction occurs when water saturated sediments are subjected to extended periods of shaking. Pressure increases in the soil pores temporarily alter the soil state from solid to liquid. Liquefied sediments lose strength, in turn causing the failure of adjacent infrastructure, including bridges and buildings. Whether a soil would resist liquefaction depends on a number of factors, including grain size, compaction and cementation, saturation and drainage, characteristics of the vibration, and the occurrence of past liquefaction. Granular, unconsolidated, saturated sediments are the most likely to liquefy, while dry, dense or cohesive soils tend to resist liquefaction. Liquefaction is 22 California Department of Conservation. Search for Regulatory Maps by County. Website: http, / /ww ,gtiakc ca.gov/2inal2s/WHZreplatoiTinql)s.htin, accessed September 3, 2015. 23 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. GO of Santa Ana General Plan Seismic Safely Element p. 9. Adopted September 20, 1982. Available online at: http:// wwcv .ci,santa- ana.ca.us /genefalplan /documents /Seise icSafety,pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. Page 30 75B -128 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA generally considered to be a hazard where the groundwater is less than 20 feet in depth. Where soil drainage is good, the pore pressure, which builds up when ground motion shakes unconsolidated soil, would be more easily dissipated; thus, soils with good drainage are less likely to liquefy. The City of Santa Ana contains areas located within a State - designated liquefiable area.24,25,2e,27 Additionally, according to Exhibit 5 of the City of Santa Ana General Plan Seismic Safety Element, the potential for liquefaction hazards ranges from very low in the northeastern portion of the City to very high in the southwestern portion. The Draft CAP does not require development of individual land use projects that would not otherwise occur. However, any developments that would occur within the City consistent with the goals of the Draft CAP would be designed and constructed in compliance with the latest version of the CBC and other applicable federal, state, and local codes relative to liquefaction criteria. Compliance with existing regulations would ensure a less than significant impact to seismic - related ground failure, including liquefaction. iv) Landslides? No impact. Landslides occur when sloped ground becomes unstable and falls downward. The City is relatively flat; therefore, the potential for landslides to occur within the City is low. Future development as a result of implementation of the Draft CAP would comply with applicable CBC standards. No impacts involving exposure of people or structures to adverse effect related to landslides would occur. b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? Less than Significant Impact. No future project resulting from implementation of the Draft CAP would directly involve substantial loss of topsoil or directly result in substantial soil erosion. In the event that new development or construction of expanded bike paths and pedestrian amenities would require construction activity that may result in substantial soil erosion or loss of topsoil, such activities would be subject to the latest version of the CBC and the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) to reduce erosion impacts. In addition, while the Santa Ana River is completely channelized within the City, Santiago Creek is not and therefore erosions hazards can be found near Santiago Creek.28 However, any development near the creels would comply with the CBC and NPDES. The impact would be less than significant. 224 California Department of Conservation Division of Mines and Geology. Seismic Hazard Zones Map — Newport Beach Quadrangle. April 17, 1997. Available online at: httl2:/ /gmw.consiv.co.gov /shmp/dowiiload /quad /NEWPORT BEACH /maps /ozn newb.pdf accessed August 28, 2015. 25 California Department of Conservation Division of Mines and Geology. Seismic Hazard Zones Map — Anaheim Quadrangle. April 15, 1998. Available online at: htq): / /gmw.consrv.ca.gov /shmp/ download /quad /ANAHEIM /maps /ozn anah.pddf, accessed August 28,2015. 96 California Department of Conservation Division of Mines and Geology. Seismic Hazard Zones Map — Orange Quadrangle. April 15, 1998. Available online at: ht mw.con.srv.ca.gov/ shmp /download /quad /ORANGE /maps /ozn ompdf accessed August 28,2015. 27 California Department of Conservation Division of Mines and Geology. Seismic Hazard Zones Map — Tustin Quadrangle. January 17, 2001. Available online at: http: / /gxnw.consrv.ca.gov /shmp /download /quad /TUSTINI maps /ozn rus.pddf, accessed August 28,2015, 28 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Land Use Element p. A -40. Available online at: htip: / /www.ci Santa -ana ca.us /genera]plan /documents /LandUseElement;,pdf, accessed September 1, 2015. October 2015 Page 31 75B -129 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off -site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse? Less than Significant Impact. Seismic hazard zone maps from the California Geological Survey indicate that areas of the City contain unstable soil and are susceptible to liquefaction. Additionally, Exhibit 4 of the City of Santa Ana General Plan Seismic Safety Element includes several areas susceptible to subsidence.29 Future development as a result of implementation of the Draft CAP has the potential to occur within these areas of the City. However, development would be subject to the latest version of the CBC. Compliance with the CBC would ensure impacts to unstable soils would be less than significant. d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18 -1 -B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? Less than Significant. According to the City of Santa Ana General Plan, expansive soils are found within the south central section of the City.Se However, any development associated with the Draft CAP that would take place in this area would be subject to the latest version of the CBC. Compliance with the CBC would ensure impacts associated with expansive soils would be less than significant. e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? No Impact. With the exception of a few geographic areas, the City of Santa Ana uses a sewer system and does not require the use of alternative wastewater disposal systems or septic tanks. Additionally, the recommended measures in the Draft CAP would not require the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems. No impact would occur. 3.7 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? Less than Significant Impact. The measures in the Draft CAP are not anticipated to generate substantial construction emissions, because those measures would result in only minor upgrades to existing uses. In addition, any construction - related GHG emissions would be anticipated to be more than offset by the operational benefits of the measures in the CAP. Implementation of the strategies and measures proposed witivn the Draft CAP would result in annual community -wide GHG emission reductions. As shown in Table 2, the future Draft CAP measures would result in total MTCO2e reductions of approximately 366,998 MTCC2e by 2020 and 654,294 MTCO2e by 2035. This does not include the emission benefits of existing 29 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Seismic Safety Element p. 13. Adopted September 20, 1982. Available online at: http: //w .ci.santa- ana.ca.us /generalplan /documents /Scisn icSafety.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. 3o City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Land Use Element p. A -40. Adopted February 2, 1998. Available online at: http: //w .ci.santa- ana.ci.us /generalplan /documents /LandUseElement.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. Page 32 October 2015 75B -130 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA measures shown in Table 1. Implementation of the Draft CAP and emissions reductions from existing measures would result in annual community -wide GHG emissions reductions of 418,896 MTCO2e by 2020 and 731,090 MTCO2e by 2035. The impact would be less than significant. b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? Less than Significant Impact. As discussed in Section 1.4, California has adopted executive orders and legislation aimed at reducing the State's GHG emissions, including Executive Order S -3 -05, AB 32, SB 375, and Executive Order B- 30 -15. In the Scoping Plan, ARB encourages local governments to adopt a reduction goal for municipal operations emissions and move toward establishing similar goals for community emissions that parallel the State commitment to reduce GHGs. The Scoping Plan recommends that local governments consider adopting a goal of 15% below current emissions levels to assist the State in implementing AB 32. The Scoping Plan did not directly create any regulatory requirements related to implementation of the Draft CAP. The Draft CAP measures and any associated construction or development would be required to comply with applicable regulations, including those developed as measures in the ARB Scoping Plan. Although not mandated by AB 32 and the Scoping Plan, the Draft CAP articulates the City's intentions with respect to reducing community -wide GHG emissions in a manner consistent with AB 32. Implementation of the Draft CAP would exceed the 15% community-wide GHG reduction target by 2020, which would be consistent with AB 32 Scoping Plan recommendations. The Scoping Plan Update approved in 2014 confirms that the state is on track to meet the 2020 emissions reduction target, but will need to maintain and build upon its existing programs, scale up deployment of clean technologies, and provide more low- carbon options to accelerate GHG emission reductions, especially after 2020, in order to meet the 2050 target. However, the Scoping Plan does not recommend additional measures for meeting specific GHG emissions limits beyond 2020. The measures and projected reductions in the Draft CAP include emission reduction benefits associated with state programs. While the measures described in the Scoping Plan Update are designed to meet statewide emissions goals in 2020, those measures have not yet been adjusted to meet emission reduction targets after 2020. As a result, the Draft CAP would also have to be adjusted to account for statewide emission reductions after 2020 in order to meet goals beyond 2020. Therefore, the existing measures and Draft CAP are projected to result in a reduction of 25% below the 2008 baseline emission levels in 2035, which would not meet the City's goal to reducing GIIG emissions to 30% below 2008 baseline levels by 2035; however, it would place the City on a path to do so. While the measures in the Draft CAP do not currently meet the 2035 goal of reducing annual community -wide GHG emissions by 30% below 2008 baseline emission levels, the Draft CAP has a process for evaluation and monitoring progress and identifying additional local and state emission reduction measures in future years to meet these reduction goals. October 2015 Page 33 75B -131 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA As mentioned above, the Draft CAP would meet the emission reduction goals of AB 32. In addition, as discussed in the project description, the City will continue to evaluate and monitor the Draft CAP by (1) tracking the implementation status of individual measures, (2) estimating emissions reductions associated with individual measures, and (3) conducting a periodic re- inventory of cotmmunity -wide emissions. The City will publish an annual progress report that details the status of each measure in the Draft CAP. Conducting a periodic re- inventoty and comparing the results with past inventories will show how Santa Ana community emissions are changing overall, and whether they are on track to meet the adopted goals. A re- inventory will be completed in 2018 and every three to five years after that time. 'Therefore, this impact would be less than significant. 3.8 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? Less than Significant Impact. Implementation of the Draft CAP and its measures would not result in the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials. It is possible that construction activities would require use of materials that include on -site fueling /servicing of construction equipment, and the transport of fuels, lubricating fluids, and solvents. These types of materials are not acutely hazardous, and all storage, handling, and disposal of these materials are regulated by the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DT'SC), United States Environmental Protection Agency, the Occupational Safety & Health Administration, the Orange County Fire Authority, and the Orange County Health Care Agency, Environmental Health Division. The transport, use, and disposal of construction- related hazardous materials would occur in conformance with applicable federal, state, and local regulations governing such activities. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant. b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? Less than Significant Impact. Implementation of the Draft CAP could result in the rehabilitation and renovation of older residential, commercial, and municipal structures to support energy retrofits and the installation of private and municipal solar PV systems. Structures built prior to 1978 may contain asbestos - containing building materials and lead paint. If not properly handled and released into the environment in large enough quantities, these materials could pose a threat to construction workers and residents. However, these retrofits would primarily be small-scale and would no single renovation would likely result in releases large enough to pose a health hazard to the general public. In addition, demolition and construction activities involving hazardous materials removal are heavily regulated, and construction workers must comply with applicable federal and state safety regulations. Compliance with such regulations would ensure a less than significant impact. c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one - quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? Page 34 October 2015 75B -132 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP does not directly recommend projects that would involve the handling of hazardous or acutely hazardous materials. Compliance with regulatory requirements, such as environmental site assessments and health risk assessments, would ensure construction and operation impacts within one - quarter mile of an existing or proposed school are less than significant. d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? Less than Significant Impact. According to the DTSC and the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB), hazard materials sites are located throughout the City, some of which could be encountered during implementation of measures in the Draft CAP.31,32 In addition, the Draft CAP is a policy document that in itself would not create a significant hazard. Implementation of the Draft CAP, such as implementation of design guidelines related to pedestrian, bike, and transit connectivity could result in construction of bicycle paths or expanded pedestrian and transit amenities, which could require disturbance of a site. However, demolition and construction activities involving hazardous materials sites are heavily regulated, and construction workers would be required comply with applicable federal and state safety regulations. Compliance with such regulations would ensure a less than significant impact. e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles or a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? Less than Significant Impact. Southern portions of the City are within the John Wayne Airport Land Use P1an.33 These portions are included within a designated impact zone and a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) notification zone. The FAA notification zone encompasses City land south of McFadden Avenue and requires notification to the FAA for buildings proposed to be more than 200 feet in height. Although the Draft CAP proposes encouraging development of residential, retail, and employment nodes near one another, proposed development is not likely to exceed 200 feet in height. Therefore, implementation of the Draft CAP would not directly increase exposure of people to airport safety hazards. Impacts related to public use airports would be less than significant. f) For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? Less than Significant Impact. Four private heliports exist within the City of Santa Ana: Orange County Sheriffs Forensics Laboratory Heliport; Honda of Santa Ana Heliport; Southern California Edison Southeastern Division Heliport; and Orange County Global Medical Center I-Ieliport.34 The Draft CAP is a policy document and implementation of Draft CAP measures would not result in a safety hazard for people 31 DTSC. EnviroStor. Website: httilr //w venNirostordtsecagov /public /, accessed August 31, 2015. 32 SWRCB. GeoTracker. Website: htto:/ /geotracker.waterboards.ca.eov /, accessed August 31, 2015. 33 Airport Land Use Commission for Orange County. Land Use Plan for]abn V yne Airport. Adopted April 17, 2008. Avadableonline at: http: /Iwww.ocair.com /commissions /aluc /docs /IWA AELUP- April- 17 -2008L i accessed September 1, 2015. 34 Airnay. 2014. Website: https: //\ ww.airti,,iv.com/qirports/­get, accessed September 1, 2015, October 2015 75B -133 Page SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA residing or working in the project area. Discretionary development projects associated with the Draft CAP would undergo project -level CEQA review. Therefore, impacts related to private airstrips would be less than significant. g) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? Less than Significant Impact. The City of Santa Ana adopted a Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan that provides City officials and residents with information regarding emergency situations.35 In situations where an emergency evacuation is necessary, the use of roads and freeways within the City would be necessary. The Draft CAP is a policy -based document, and the recommendations and measures in the Draft CAP would not interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan Therefore, this impact would be less than significant. h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? No Impact. There are no wAdland fire areas within the City of Santa Ana.36 Implementation of the proposed Draft CAP measures would not expose people or structures to any wildland fire hazards and no impact would occur. 3.9 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP proposes measures that would not directly violate water quality standards or waste discharge requirements. However, implementation of the Draft CAP could result in construction - related wastewater discharge into the local sewer system. Although increases in wastewater are not expected to be large enough to substantially increase the amount of runoff or amount of pollutants in the runoff, if necessary, implementation of the Draft CAP would be required to comply with NPDES to control stormwater discharges. The Draft CAP includes measures to sell and distribute rainwater harvesting barrels to residents, which would minimize the amount of water flowing into storm drains, sewer systems, and local waterways. Nonetheless, when appropriate, any project associated with the Draft CAP would be subject to a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and /or be required to incorporate Best Management Practices during construction to reduce potential impacts. Therefore, impacts to water quality would be less than significant. b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater 35 City of Santa Ana. Natural HaZardr Mitigation Plan — Executive Summary. Available online at: ham, / /hazgrdmitiga6oii ealem2 ca gov /dots /thmpZ Santa Ana. City of LHAlP pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. 36 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection- Fire Hazard Severity Zones in SRA. Adopted November 7, 2007. Available online at: htto• / /frap fire -a govzwel)d•tti /maps /ortiage /fhszs map 30 pdf, accessed September 1, 2015. Page 36 October 2015 75B -134 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA table level (e.g. the production rate of pre- existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted)? No Impact. The Draft CAP proposes measures that would not deplete groundwater or interfere with groundwater recharge. The proposed Draft CAP intends to promote water conservation through incentivizing the use of rain harvesting barrels, California friendly landscape (i.e. drought tolerant), and turf removal. Improvements to pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connectivity could increase the amount of landscaping which could increase the need for water for irrigation purposes. However, any landscaping would not be substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge and would comply with applicable water- efficient landscape standards within the City of Santa Ana Municipal Code. 37 No impacts to groundwater supply would occur. c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the coarse of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in a substantial erosion or siltation on- or off -site. Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP proposes measures, such as improving the bike and pedestrian network, that could alter existing drainage patterns. However, these projects would largely occur within existing rights -of -way where drainage patterns already exist and would also not result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site. In addition, a majority of the proposed measures involve replacing and retrofitting existing structures and streetlights, which would not alter existing drainage patterns. Therefore, improvements and development consistent with the Draft CAP would not substantially alter existing drainage patterns. The impact would be less than significant. d) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off -site? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP proposes measures that would not directly alter existing drainage patterns. However, some measures, such as improving the bike and pedestrian network and implementing the Safe Routes to School Program, could slightly increase the amount of surface runoff due to new pedestrian and bicycle paths. However, the addition of new pedestrian and bicycle paths would not result in substantial surface runoff increases and any changes would be subject to existing federal and state regulations, The impact would be less than significant. e) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned storm water drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? Less than Significant Impact. As stated above, the City of Santa Ana is largely built out and contains areas where stormwater drainage systems already exist. Implementation of the Draft CAP would enhance pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connectivity, implement the Safe Routes to School Program, and encourage the development residential nodes near retail and employment nodes. However, both construction and operation of future development would be subject to CEQA review and would be required to comply with applicable regulations from the City and NPDF.S in relation to stormwater pollution prevention. In addition, 37 City of Santa Ana. Municipal Code Chapter 41 Article XVI. October 2015 75B -135 Page SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA the Draft CAP proposes water conservation measures, such as rainwater harvesting, which would minimize the amount of water flowing into storm drains, sewer systems, and local waterways. This impact would be less than significant. f) Otherwise substantially degrade water quality? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP is a policy document and does not directly involve any activity that would degrade water quality. Implementation of the Draft CAP measures would enhance pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connectivity, implement the Safe Routes to School Program, and encourage the development of residential nodes near retail and employment nodes, which could increase surface runoff. However, both construction and operation of future development would be subject to CEQA review and would be required to comply with applicable regulations from the City and NPDES in relation to stormwater pollution prevention. This impact would be less than significant. g) Place housing within a 100 -year flood hazard area as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard delineation map? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP does not directly involve the construction of housing. However, the Draft CAP includes measures to encourage residential nodes near retail and employment nodes to reduce vehicle miles traveled. Discretionary residential development associated with the Draft CAP would be subject to project -level CEQA review, which would analyze impacts relating to flood hazards. Additionally, the east portion of the City and the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek channels are designated as areas within a 100 -year flood zone.38 However, future development would be subject to project -level CEQA review to analyze impacts involving flood hazards on a project specific basis. Therefore, impacts to housing within a flood hazard area would be less than significant. h) Place within a 100 -year flood hazard area structures which would impede or redirect flood flows? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP is a policy document that does not directly involve the placement of structures within flood hazard areas. Implementation of the Draft CAP and its measures would enhance pedestrian, bike, and transit connectivity and encourage residential nodes near retail and employment nodes, which could result in the development of structures that impede or redirect flood flows. As mentioned above in Section 3.9(g), the east portion of the City and the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek channels are designated as areas within a 100 -year flood zone. However, future development would be subject to project - level CEQA review to analyze impacts involving flood hazards on a project specific basis. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. i) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam? 38 Federal Emergency Management Agency. Flood Map Service Center. Website: httns- / /inse fema uov /portal, accessed October 13, 2015, Page 38 October 2015 75B -136 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Less than Significant Impact. According to the of City's General Plan Public Safety Element, throughout the Santa Ana River Basin, the potential exists for flooding resulting from the failure of Prado Dam.39 However, the General Plan states that the Santa Ana River itself does not present a significant flood hazard. Additionally, as a part of the Santa Ana River Project, the Prado Dam is currently being expanded to increase reservoir storage capacity from 217,000 acre -feet to 362,000 acre- feet.40 Improvements began in 2003 and are estimated to be completed in 2020.41 In order to ensure development is not subject to flood hazards, the City established regulations in areas prone to flooding. The regulations require that construction of new development or improvements in these areas must be elevated above the base flood. Therefore, compliance with existing regulations would ensure impacts that would expose people or structures to flooding would be less than significant. j) Inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow? No Impact. The Draft CAP does not recommend any measure that would result in inundation by seiche, tsunarni, or mudflow. Seiches are large waves generated in enclosed bodies of water in response to ground shaking; however, there are no large artificial bodies of water within the City. Tsunamis are tidal waves generated in large bodies of water caused by fault displacement or major ground movement; however, the City of Santa Ana is located approximately five miles from the coast and is not within a tsunami inundation zone.42 Mudflows occur on hillsides where unvegetated and undeveloped surfaces are exposed to rainfall, however, the City of Santa Ana is built out with limited amounts of vacant land and is relatively flat. Therefore, no impacts associated with inundation from seiche, tsunami, or mudflow would occur. 3.10 LAND USE AND PLANNING a) Physically divide an established community? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP is a policy -based document that does not directly involve the construction of a specific project. Implementation of the Draft CAP and its measures would enhance pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connectivity and encourage the development of residential nodes near retail and employment nodes, which could result in the development of structures or improvements that could divide an established community. However, implementation of the Draft CAP intends to increase connectivity throughout the City by implementing both external and internal design guidelines for bike, pedestrian, and transit connectivity, which would connect existing residential development to nearby sidewalks and bus stops. Therefore, impacts to established communities would be less than significant. 39 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City ofSanta Ana General Plan Public Safety Element p. 11. Adopted September 20, 1982. Available online at http' / /wanv ci santa -ana ca. us/ Uticrall2lan /documentsZPublic6afely,pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. 40 Orange County Public Works Flood Division. Santa Ana River Project, Project Description. Website: http : / /ocf1ood com /sgg)/I)roiecr, accessed October 13, 2015. 41 Orange County Public Works Flood Division. Santa Ana River Project, Project Cost and Schedule. Website: httl2: //­­`ocflood.com/­­saipZcQ5t accessed October 13, 2015. 42 California Department of Conservation. California Geological Survey Tsunami Inundation Map for Emergency Planning Newport Beach Quadrangle. March 15, 2009. Available online at: http:/ /w .conserva6oru.ca.gov/ cgs /geologic_ hazards /Tsunami/ Inundation _Maps /Orange /Documents / Tsunam i_Inundat ion _NewportBeach_Quad_Orange.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. October 2015 Page 39 75B -137 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA b) Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the project (including, but not limited to the general plan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? Less than Significant Impact. Implementing the Draft CAP would require some modification of existing Ciq policies, including changes to the Municipal Code, Zoning Code, General Plan, Specific Plans, and Design Guidelines. The Draft CAP includes an energy measure that would require that all non - residential buildings larger than 10,000 square feet to submit their buildings' energy usage to an Energy Star Portfolio Manager every seven years as part of business license renewal (Benchmarking and Retrocommissioning measure). In addition, the Draft CAP includes implementation of a transportation and land use measure related to requiring end of trip facilities, such as bike lockers, showers, and changing rooms, in new office and larger retail buildings, which would require the City to amend its Municipal Code. In order to implement these measures and the remaining transportation and land use measures (e.g., adjusting parking ratios, residential node development near retail and employment nodes, and implementing bike, pedestrian, and transit connectivity design guidelines), the Municipal Code, Zoning Code and other applicable documents would need to amended to reflect new requirements. While the proposed measures could conflict with some existing policies, the Draft CAP is designed to mitigate adverse environmental impacts associated with global climate change. Where conflicts do occur, the proposed Draft CAP measures would generally result in greater avoidance or mitigation of environmental effects. The impact would be less than significant. c) Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan? No Impact. As stated in Section 3.4(f), no Habitat Conservation Plan or Natural Communities Conservation Plan applies to the City of Santa Ana. No impact would occur. 3.11 MINERAL RESOURCES a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be a value to the region and the residents of the state? No Impact. There are no known mineral resources within the City of Santa Ana.43•44 Regionally significant resources are found north of the City within the cities of Orange and Anaheim. No impact would occur. b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? 43 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Land Use Elementp. A -51. Adopted February 2, 1998. Available online at: http:// www .ci.santa- ana.ca.us /generalplan /documents /LandUseEtement.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. 41 California Department of Conservation. California Geological Survey. Aggregate Sustaimbility in California Map. Available online at: tt :// ww wconseivn tionc2gov /cys /inform2tion /oublic2tions /ms /Documents /n4S 52 2012pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. Page 40 October 2015 75B -138 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA No Impact. As discussed above in Section 3.11(a), there are no known mineral resources within the City. No impact would occur. 3.12 NOISE a) Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? Less than Significant Impact. While the Draft CAP is a policy -based document and does not directly recommend any measures that would generate excessive amounts of construction noise, construction activity associated with implementation of the Draft CAP measures could possibly result in temporary increases in noise levels. The City's noise ordinance designates the entire City of Santa Ana as "Noise Zone 1" which sets forth an exterior noise standard of 55 dBA from 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. and 50 dBA from 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.45 A special provision exempts construction activities from the provisions of the ordinance so long as construction does not take place between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. on weekdays, including Saturday, or any time on Sunday or a federal holiday. A majority of the proposed measures would involve small scale construction projects, such as energy efficient retrofits and streetlight replacement; however, the CAP does include some transportation and land use measures that could lead to the development of larger scale residential, retail, and employment buildings and expanded bike and pedestrian paths. Therefore, the exact nature of future construction that could occur is not known at this time, thus construction noise levels cannot be estimated. However, the Draft CAP does not encourage or require development of land use projects that would result in substantial amounts of construction noise that would not otherwise occur. All construction activities would be required to comply with the City's noise ordinance and undergo project -level CEQA review to analyze impacts related to noise when more specific project details are known. Such compliance would reduce noise levels associated with construction activities. This impact would be less than significant. b) Exposure of persons to or generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? Less than Significant Impact. Similar to Section 3.12(a), temporary construction activities as a result of implementation of the Draft CAP could result in excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise. In addition, the Draft CAP is a policy -based document and does not directly recommend any measures or land use development that would generate excessive amounts of construction noise. A majority of the measures would involve small scale construction projects, such as energy efficient retrofits and streetlight replacement. The exact nature of future construction that could occur is not known at this time, thus construction noise levels cannot be estimated. However, all construction activities would be required to comply with the City's noise ordinance and undergo project -level CEQA review to analyze impacts related to noise when more specific project details are known. Such compliance would reduce noise groundborne vibration and noise levels associated with construction activities. This impact would be less than significant 45 City of Santa Ana Municipal Code, Chapter 18 Article VI —Noise Control. Section 18 -312 —Exterior noise standards. October 2015 75B -139 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA c) A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project? Less than Significant Impact. The majority of the measures within the CAP focus on reducing the amount of vehicle miles traveled by providing enhanced access to alternative modes of transportation and encouraging the development of residential nodes near retail and employment nodes. As a result, no permanent increase in local traffic volumes is anticipated. The impact would be less than significant. d) A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project? Less than Significant Impact. Although no permanent increases in ambient noise levels will occur, temporary or periodic increases could occur as a result of consttvction activity. However, the Draft CAP does not encourage or require development of land use projects that would result in substantial amounts of construction noise that would not otherwise occur. However, the exact nature of future construction that could occur is not known at this tune, thus construction noise levels cannot be estimated. Further, all construction activities would be required to comply with the City's noise ordinance and undergo project -level CEQA review to analyze impacts related to noise when more specific project details are lunown. Such compliance would reduce temporary or periodic increases in ambient noise levels. This impact would be less than significant. e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or worldng in the project area to excessive noise levels? Less than Significant Impact. Southern portions of the City are within the John Wayne Airport Land Use Plan.46 These portions are included within a designated impact zone. The impact zone encompasses a small portion of the City that borders the SR -55 near Dyer Road, which is within the 60 dBA noise level, 47 The City of Santa Ana General Plan Airport Environs Element states that residential uses within the 60 dBA contour should be mitigated to address present and project noise exposure and that residential interior noise levels should not exceed 45 dBA. However, the land within the 60 dBA contour is designated as commercial, industrial, and office land uses within the General Plan.+s In regards to people working in the area and their exposure to excessive noise levels, the Draft CAP proposes measures to encourage residential nodes near retail and employment nodes. Therefore, these land uses could be located near one another and within the noise contours. However, any new residential uses would require noise mitigation consistent with the General Plan element, and no noise incompatibilities would occur. As a result, implementation of the Draft CAP 46 Airport Land Use Commission for Orange County. Land Use Plan for John Wayne Airftorl. Adopted April 17, 2008. Available online at: hrrrc / /xwvocgircom /comnrissions /nluc /dots /JWA AFIUP- April- 17- 2008pdf, accessed September 1, 2015, 47 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Abpoei Environs Element Exhibit 2. Adopted February 11, 2009. Available online at: ttrr//www.ci.santa- ,tna ca us /gener�tlph n /documents /AirportEnvi ions lf, accessed September 3, 2015. 49 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Airport Environs Element p. 4. Adopted February 11, 2009. Available online at: htW : / /www ci stintt -an ,,t ca us /generglpl,r /documents /,\irportEnvirons.pdf, accessed September 3, 2015. Page 42 October 2015 75B -140 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA would not expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels. Impacts related to public use airports would be less than significant. 0 For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? Less than Significant Impact. Four private heliports exist within the City of Santa Ana: Orange County Sheriffs Forensics Laboratory Heliport; Honda of Santa Ana Heliport; Southern California Edison Southeastern Division Heliport; and Orange County Global Medical Center Heliport.49 The Draft CAP is a policy document, and any new discretionary development would undergo project -level CEQA review to ensure potential placement of development would not expose individuals to excessive noise levels. The impact would be less than significant. 3.13 POPULATION AND HOUSING a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? Less than Significant Impact. The City of Santa Ana is largely built out and urbanized. The Draft CAP proposes measures that seek to reduce GHG emissions by encouraging development of residential nodes near employment and retail nodes and enhancing pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connectivity through the adoption of zoning ordinances and design guidelines. However, the Draft CAP does not require development of land use projects that would not otherwise occur. While the City of Santa Ana is largely built out and there are not large amounts of vacant land, mixed use infill development and new housing is anticipated via existing zoning that will increase population growth consistent with anticipated projections. This impact would be less than significant. b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? Less than Significant Impact. Retrofitting residential buildings to be more energy efficient would involve small construction work and replacement housing would not be necessary. The development of residential nodes near retail and employment nodes would involve new development, but would not displace existing housing. The impact would be less than significant. c) Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? Less than Significant Impact. As discussed in Section 3.13(b), implementation of measures as prescribed in the Draft CAP would not result in the displacement of people. The impact would be less than significant. 49 Airnay. Website: his: / /w=.di iiay.com /airports /get, accessed September 2, 2015. October 2015 Page 43 75B -141 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 3.14 PUBLIC SERVICES Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services: a) Fire protection? Less than Significant Impact. While the Draft CAP would not directly introduce new structures, future imiill development and redevelopment could occur near retail and employment corridors. New development could increase free protection service needs in the City. However, the City estimates fire protection needs based on growth as project in the City's General Plan, and new development anticipated via existing zoning would be consistent with anticipated projections The impact would be less than significant. b) Police protection? Less than Significant Impact. Similar to the evaluation under Section 3.14(a), the possible increase in population that may occur as a result of implementation of the Draft CAP would not increase the demand for police protection service to the extent that new police protection facilities would be required. Implementation of the Draft CAP measure related to the Safe Routes to School Program would involve physical infrastructure improvements such as expanded sidewalks and bike paths. New pedestrian and bike amenities could slightly increase the amount of police personnel needed within the route areas, but would not result in the need for new police facilities or additional personnel. The impact would be less than significant. c) Schools? Less than Significant Impact. Similar to the evaluation under Section 3.14(a) and (b), the possible increase in population that may occur as a result of implementation of the Draft CAP would be small and would not increase the demand for new schools over current levels or anticipated projections. The impact would be less than significant. d) Parks? Less than Significant Impact. Similar to the evaluations above, the possible increase in population that may occur as a result of implementation of the Draft CAP would be small and would not increase the demand for new park facilities over current levels or anticipated projections. Additionally, the proposed measures involve the implementation of the Safe Routes to School Program, design guidelines to enhance bike, pedestrian, and transit connectivity, and community -wide bike sharing stations, which would provide additional passive recreation areas and opportunities within the City. The impact would be less than significant. e) Other public facilities? Page 44 October 2015 75B -142 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA Less than Significant Impact. Similar to the evaluations above, the possible increase in population that may occur as a result of implementation of the Draft CAP would be small and would not increase the demand for new public facilities over current levels or anticipated projections. The impact would be less than significant. 3.15 RECREATION a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities, such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? Less than Significant Impact. Implementation of the Draft CAP is not expected to result in substantial population growth, and thus would not result in increased physical deterioration of parks and recreational facilities. The Draft CAP measures promote the expansion of the current network of bicycle and pedestrian paths, which would provide additional passive recreational facilities within the City and could potentially lessen wear on existing facilities. The impact would be less than significant. b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities, which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? Less than Significant Impact. Implementation of the Draft CAP is not expected to result in substantial population growth, and thus would not result in increased physical deterioration of parks and recreational facilities. Implementation of the Draft CAP includes implementing the Safe Routes to School Program and design guidelines to enhance bike, pedestrian, and transit connectivity, which would provide additional passive recreational facilities within the City. Therefore, implementation of the CAP would not require the expansion of recreational facilities, but rather encourage it to promote alternative modes of transportation. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant. 3.16 TRANSPORTATION /TRAFFIC a) Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance or policy establishing measures of effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system, taking into account all modes of transportation including mass transit and non- motorized travel and relevant components of the circulation system, including but not limited to intersections, streets, highways and freeways, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and mass transit? Less than Significant Impact. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in the development of bike, pedestrian, and transit connectivity design guidelines and encourage residential, employment, and retail land uses near one another to would reduce vehicle miles traveled. The City updated its Zoning Code in 2010 to provide new zoning for over 400 acres in downtown Santa Ana. The new zoning supports compact development that is accessible to transit and allows for a Unix of uses to place residential units closer to transit and jobs. Therefore, the Zoning Code would only need to be amended to contain incentives to further encourage residential near retail and employment corridors. Potential incentives include density bonuses, reductions in parking requirements, and other similar efforts. The Harbor Mixed Use Transit Corridor Specific Plan and Metro East Overlay Zone also allow for residential and mixed use development October 2015 Page 45 75B -143 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA opportunities near transit. Therefore, it is anticipated the measure already aligns with strategies set forth in applicable circulation plans. The CAP measures also involve traffic signal improvements. Congestion and idling contribute to the GHG emissions. Signal coordination and synchronization would reduce congestion and the amount of time vehicles spend idling while on City streets. All synchronization modifications would be in compliance with applicable Orange County Transportation Authority plans and policies related to the performance of the circulation system. Impacts would be less than significant. b) Conflict with an applicable congestion management program, including, but not limited to level of service standards and travel demand measures, or other standards established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads or highways? Less than Significant Impact. The intent of the CAP measures is to promote alternative modes of transportation, which would reduce vehicular travel and GHG emissions. However, the Draft CAP proposes to adjust parking ratios to reduce vehicular travel and emissions associated with the number of cars being driven on City streets. This would be done by reducing the amount of parking required in new developments to encourage other forms of transportation. The Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) Congestion Management Program (CMP) requires a traffic impact analysis when a proposed development would generate 2,400 or more daily trips or 1,600 or more daily trips for developments which would directly access a CMP Highway System link 50 Implementation of the Draft CAP measures (e.g., changes in parking ratios) could indirectly increase the potential for vehicles circulating looking for parking in and around residential, employment, and retail areas. However, the Draft CAP would not generate substantial vehicle trips or change level of service on roadways that would conflict with the OCTA CMP. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant. c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in traffic levels or a change in location that results in substantial safety risks? No Impact. J%VA is located just south of the City. However, the Draft CAP does not include any measure that would directly or indirectly affect air traffic patterns. No impact would occur. d) Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g. sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g. farm equipment)? Less than Significant Impact. The proposed measures are aimed at providing alternative modes of transportation and reducing the amount of vehicle miles traveled throughout the City. In fact, the Draft CAP promotes implementation of the Safe Routes to School Program and design guidelines to enhance bike, pedestrian, and transit connectivity, which would provide greater safety. The Draft CAP does not include measures that would substantially increase hazards due to a design feature or incompatible uses. The impact would be less than significant. 50 Orange County Transportation Authority. 2013 Congestion Management Program. Adopted November 2013. Available online at: htm: / /www ocr2 net /pdf /Final ° / 202011-- 2OC \4P pdf, accessed September 9, 2015, Page 46 October 2015 75B -144 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA e) Result in inadequate emergency access? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP recommends measures that would increase safety for drivers, pedestrians, and bicyclists and seeks to reduce the number of automobiles on Santa Ana streets, both of which may make access for emergency vehicles easier and more efficient. The impact would be less than significant. Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or pedestrian facilities, or otherwise decrease the performance or safety of such facilities? Less than Significant Impact. Implementation of the Draft CAP would improve pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connectivity through the development of design guidelines and implementation of the Safe Routes to School Program. The implementation of new design guidelines would need to be included within the Zoning Code. However, it is not anticipated that any new guidelines would not conflict with any adopted plans or policies as the CAP measures align with the goals, policies, and programs within the City's General Plan Circulation Element. Additionally, new design guidelines and enhanced bike and pedestrian routes would be built to current standards and provide greater safety for individuals that use alternatives modes of transportation. The impact would be less than significant. 3.17 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS a) Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board? Less than Significant Impact. While the Draft CAP would not directly introduce new structures, future development could occur as a result of encouraging the development of residential nodes near retail and employment corridors. The City of Santa Ana requires National Pollution Discharge Elimination System ( NPDES) permits, according to federal regulations for discharges to surface waters of the United States. For point sources such as sewer pipes, the NPDES permit contains limits on allowable concentrations and mass emissions of pollutants contained in the discharge. Any new development in the City would continue to comply with all provisions of the NPDES program. Therefore, implementation of the Draft CAP would not exceed wastewater treatment requirements. The impact would be less than significant. b) Require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? Less than Significant Impact. WMIe the Draft CAP would not directly introduce new structures, future development could occur as a result of encouraging the development of residential nodes near retail and employment corridors. However, the population increase would not be substantial enough to create large enough increases in demand for wastewater treatment that would require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities exceed treatment requirements. The Draft CAP proposes energy efficiency retrofits at City water wells to convert all remaining pump stations to variable frequency drives to reduce energy consumption. However, the measure would involve retrofits to existing water pumps and would not create new facilities. The impact would be less than significant. October 2015 Page 47 75B -145 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA c) Require or result in the constriction of new stormwater drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? Less than Significant Impact. While the Draft CAP would not directly introduce new structures, future development could occur as a result of encouraging the development of residential nodes near retail and employment corridors. However, the City is largely built out and urbanized, and implementation of the Draft CAP would not result in a significant increase in either population or new surfaces. Thus, it is not likely that stormwater runoff would increase to the extent that new or expanded facilities would be necessary. The impact would be less than significant. d) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed? Less than Significant Impact. As stated within the City of Santa Ana General Plan Housing Element, the 2010 Urban Water Management Plan indicates that existing water supplies and planned capacity improvements ate sufficient to meet anticipated water demands.51 The California Water Code requires cities to prepare Water Supply Assessments (WSAs) when considering approval of certain discretionary development projects (e.g., residential development of more than 500 dwelling units). The WSA determines whether projected water supplies can meet the project's anticipated water demand and would be included in the CEQA review of discretionary projects. In addition, the Draft CAP recommends turf removal and rainwater harvesting measures, which would reduce the City's water demand. Therefore, the impact is less than significant. e) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider, which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project's projected demand in addition to the provider's existing commitments? Less than Significant Impact. As stated within the City of Santa Ana General Plan Housing Element, the City's sewage is diverted to Reclamation Plant 1 which has a capacity of 60 million gallons per day (gpd) and is planned to provide capacity of up to 120 million gpd.52 Additionally, Orange County Sanitation District requires all developers of residential projects within their service area to pay capital facility charges that are designed to fund the construction, maintenance, and improvement of facilities. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant. i) Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the project's solid waste disposal needs? Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP intends to reduce solid waste generation as a whole through implementation of a commercial and multi - family recycling measure, which would result in an increased diversion of waste from landfills and reduce landfill methane emissions. In addition, the Draft CAP includes 51 City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana GeneralPlara Housing Element p. B -34. Adopted February 4, 2014. Available online at: htmy / /www ci santa-ana ca us /housingelement /default.asp, accessed September 3, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Housing Element p. B -34. Adopted February 4, 2014. Available online at: ht(p,//­ww .ci.s,,inta-qnq.cq.us/housingelementZdcfqutt.asp, accessed September 3, 2015. Page 48 October 2015 75B -146 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA food waste diversion measure, which may be composted then sent to a digestion facility to allow for energy recovery. Therefore, the impact would be less than significant. g) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste? No Impact. The Draft CAP does not recommend any measure that does not comply with applicable solid waste regulations. Conversely, the Draft CAP proposes a measure that would reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills and would comply with AB 341, which requires recycling by businesses that generate four cubic yards or more of commercial solid waste per week and multi -family residential dwellings of five units or more. Therefore, no impact would occur. 3.18 MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE a) Does the project have the potential to degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self - sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? Less than Significant Impact. The purpose of the Draft CAP is to reduce community -wide GHG emissions in the City of Santa Ana to reduce environmental impacts associated with global climate change. The Draft CAP proposes measures to lessen numerous environmental impacts and does not contain any strategy or measure that would either directly substantially reduce habitat, reduce wildlife populations, threaten animal or plant communities, restrict the range of species, or eliminate examples of history or prehistory. The impact would be less than significant. There is one prehistoric site and 18 post contact sites in the City of Santa Ana. However, construction associated with Draft CAP measures, such as expanding pedestrian, bicycle, and transit facilities or implementing the Safe Routes to School Program, would most likely take place within existing rights -of -way. Should construction associated with implementation of the proposed measures take place outside the existing rights -of -way, new ground disturbance has the potential to uncover unknown resources. In addition, should any construction take place in close proximity to or within the identified prehistoric site near Santiago Creek, compliance with applicable regulations would be necessary and an onsite monitor during construction activity may be required. In the event that this occurs, compliance with State regulations pertaining to discovery of archaeological resources would ensure a less than significant impact. b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? ( "Cumulatively considerable" means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects.) Less than Significant Impact. The Draft CAP would not result in any adverse environmental impacts that are cumulatively considerable. The project is intended to contribute to a cumulative reduction in GHG emissions and to reduce adaptation impacts associated with global climate change, both of which would have beneficial cumulative environmental effects. Measures within the Draft CAP that may result in indirect October 2015 Page 49 75B -147 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA adverse environmental impacts are evaluated throughout this initial study. However, as all impacts are considered to be less than significant or less than significant with mitigation incorporated, it is unlikely that any impact would contribute to a significant cumulative impact. The impact would be less than significant. c) Does the project have environmental effects, which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? No Impact. The Draft CAP is a policy document intended to seduce the City's community -wide GHG emissions to help cumulatively address the adverse environmental impacts associated with global climate change, while also protecting and enhancing the quality of life within the City. The Draft CAP measures strive to protect the environment, enhance human health and safety, and conserve natural resources, both within and beyond Santa Ana. Adoption and implementation of the Draft CAP would result in beneficial environmental effects, and would not cause substantial adverse direct or indirect effects on human beings resulting from a change in the physical environment There would be no impact. Page 50 75B -148 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 4. References Airnay. 2014. Website: ht )s://www.airnqv.com/airl2orts/ge , accessed September 1, 2015. Airport Land Use Commission for Orange County. Land Use Plan for john Wayne Airpoe.. Adopted April 17, 2008. Available online at: lit p:/ /www.ocair.com /coimnissiotis /aluc /dots /,TWA AELUP - April -17 -2008 ndf, accessed September 1, 2015. California Air Resources Board. First Update to the Climate Change Scoping Plan: Building on the Framework. Adopted May 2014. Available online at: htt.p • / /wwwarbcagov /ce /scol2ingplan /2013 update /first update climate change scoPing plan1df, accessed September 1, 2015. California Department of Conservation. California Geological Survey. Aggregate Sustainability in California Map. Available online at: htQ): / /wwwconservationcagov /cgs /information /publications /ms /Documents /MS 52 201212df, accessed August 31, 2015. California Department of Conservation, Division of Land Resource Protection. Agricultural Preserves 2004 — Williamson Act Parcels Orange County, California. Available online at: ftp:/ /ftt3.constv.ca.gov /ptib /dlrp /wa /Orange WA 03 04 pdf, accessed September 1, 2015. California Department of Conservation, Division of Land Resource Protection. Orange County Important Farmland 2012, Available online at: ftp: / /ftD.consrv.ca. gov / pub /dhp1FNIMP /pdf/2012/ rral2p_lf, accessed September 1, 2015. California Department of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology. Seismic Hazard Zones Map — Anaheim Quadrangle. April 15, 1998. Available online at: http / /gtnwconsx ca.gov/shml)/­­download/`­qtiad/­ANAI-IEIM/inal), ozn anah df, accessed August 28, 2015. California Department of Conservation, Division of Mules and Geology. Seismic Hazard Zones Map — Newport Beach Quadrangle. April 17, 1997. Available online at: http: / /gmw.conslv,ca, gov /shmp /download /quad /NEWPORT BEACH /maps /ozn newbpdf,accessed August 28, 2015. California Department of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology. Seismic Hazard Zones Map — Orange Quadrangle. April 15, 1998. Available online at: http / /Ltnw consry ca gov /shmp/ download /quad /ORANC E /m, ps/ozn ora pdf, accessed August 28, 2015. October 2015 75B -149 Page 51 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA California Department of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology. Seismic Hazard Zones Map — Tustin Quadrangle. January 17, 2001. Available online at: htto' //, grow. consrv. ea. gov/ shmp/ c9ownload /c]tind /TUSTIN /mnps /ozn tus pdf, accessed August 28, 2015. California Department of Conservation. Search for Regulatory Maps by County. Website: http:/ /www.quake ca gov /gmaps /yN/H/iLegulatorvmlps.h _m accessed September 3, 2015. California Department of Fish and Wildlife. NCCP Plan Summary — County of Orange (Central /Coastal) NCCP /HCP. Website: https: / /www.wildlife c1 gov /ConservationZPlanningNCCP /Plans /Orange- Coastal, accessed August 31, 2015. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. Fire Hazard Severity Zones in SRA. Adopted November 7, 2007. Available online at: http frail fire ca gov /webdata /maps /orange /fhszs map.30 pdf, accessed September 1, 2015. California Department of Transportation. Officially Designated Scenic Highways. Website: http: / /www.dot.ca. gov /hq /LandArch /16_ livability /scenic_highways /index.htim, accessed August 31, 2015. California Legislative Information. Bill Information, AB -2188 Solar energy: permits. Available online at: http : / /Iegitifo.legislature.ca.gov/ faces/ bil lNavClient .xhtml ?bill _id= 201320140AB2188, accessed October 13, 2015. City of Santa Ana Building Safety Division. Streamlined Residential Solar Plan Check and Permitting. Available online at: http: //x ww.ci.santa- ana.ca.us/ pba/ buddingsafety /ResidentialSolar.asp, accessed October 13, 2015. City of Santa Ana Municipal Code. Chapter 18 Article VI — Noise Control. Section 18 -312 — Exterior noise standards. City of Santa Ana Municipal Code. Chapter 33 Article VII. City of Santa Ana Municipal Code. Chapter 41 Article XVI. City of Santa Ana. Natural Ha ,,ands Mitigation Plan — Executive Summary. Available online at: http' / /hazardmiggation calema ca. gov /does /lhmp/Santa Ana City of I HMP pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. Al (General Agriculture) Zoning Document. Available online at: http' / /www ci santa-ana ca us /pba /planning /documents /Al pdf, accessed September 1, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Airport Envir ms Element. Adopted February 11, 2009. Available online at: http : / /Nvww ci santa -ana ca us/generalplan /documents /AirportLnvirons pdf, accessed September 3, 2015. Page 52 75B -150 October 2015 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Housing Element. Adopted February 4, 2014. Available online at: http: / /www.ci. santa- ana.ca.us /housingelement /default.asp, accessed September 3, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City of Santa Ana General Plan Land Use Element. Available online at: http:// www. ci. santa- ana. ca. us /gencrall2lan /docuinents /"LandUse pdf , accessed September 2, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. Ciy of Santa Ana General Plan Scenic Comdors Element. Adopted September 20, 1982. Available online at: ht_,pt ://www.ci.santa- ana.ca.us/ general plan /documents /ScenicCorridors pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. Ciy of Santa Ana General Plan Seismic Safey Element. Adopted September 20, 1982. Available online at: http:// www .ci.santa- ana.ca.us /generalplan /documents /ScismicSafety.pdf, accessed August 31, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. City ofSantaAna Zoning Map. Available online at: http://www.ci.santa- ana.ca.us /pba/ planning /doc ixnents /Loning2014FullCity.pdf, accessed September 1, 2015. City of Santa Ana Planning Division. Santa Ana Register of Historical Properties. 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South Coast Air Quality Management District. 2012 Air Quality Management Plan. Available online at httl2://www.aqmd.ggv /home/librqLT/cle,qn-,qir-121,,tns/iir quality-meL- clan/ final- 2012 - air- qualitX- management -plan, accessed October 19, 2015. SWRCB. GeoTracker. Website: http : / / / /g_eotracker.waterboards.ca gov /, accessed August 31, 2015. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. National Wetlands Inventory. Available online at: http: / /wwxv.fws .gov /wetlands /data /mapper.IITML, accessed October 13, 2015. October 2015 75B -151 Page 53 SANTA ANA CLIMATE ACTION PLAN INITIAL STUDY CITY OF SANTA ANA 5. List of Preparers Lead Agency City of Santa Ana Melanie McCann, Associate Planner G cm Yara Fisher, Principal Planner Jason Paulcovits, Project Manager Erin Murphey, Environmental Analyst Page 54 75B -152 October 2015 RESOLUTION NO. 2015- A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA ANA ADOPTING ACTION PLAN AND DECLARATION THE SANTA ANA CLIMATE ASSOCIATED NEGATIVE LS 12.7.15 BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA ANA AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. The City Council of the City of Santa Ana hereby finds, determines and declares as follows: A. Santa Ana has been developing a Climate Action Plan (CAP) to demonstrate leadership in sustainability and to respond to future legislative action. By completing the CAP, the City has developed a roadmap to save energy and resources, improve quality of life and quantify achievement of Council approved greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction goals, and be positioned for CAP implementation. The City will also be prepared for any new legislation that may be enacted mandating GHG emissions reduction at the local government level. B. Adoption of the CAP will allow the City to accomplish Goal 5 of the Santa Ana Strategic Plan, which includes completion of the City's CAP with measures to address transportation and land use, energy, water and wastewater, solid waste, and GHG emissions. C. As a first step in preparing the Draft CAP, a GHG emissions inventory was completed to determine the baseline for future achievement. This 2008 baseline inventory showed that Santa Ana is already demonstrating leadership in reducing energy use and GHG emissions. At 5.5 metric tons of CO2 (MTCO2e) per capita, Santa Ana baseline emissions are lower than the statewide average of 13 MTCO2e, and significantly lower than the nationwide average of 23 MTCO2e, D. Council approved reduction targets of 15% of 2008 levels by 2020, and 30% of 2008 levels by 2035, which were developed with input from community and City stakeholders, as well as consultants with expertise in CAP preparation and scientific calculation of emissions reduction. The resulting actions (measures) included in the CAP also consider elements such as State regulations, utility incentive programs, and the City's Draft Circulation Element. The CAP will achieve the recommended reduction Resolution No. 2015 -XXX Page 1 of 3 75B -153 Increasing State regulations and refining measure inclusion in the CAP, considered to be a living document, will achieve the 2035 reduction target. E. The majority of the funding for the CAP was provided by Southern California Edison through the California Public Utilities Commission, and a portion was provided by the Public Works and Planning and Building Agencies. Section 2. In accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), a Negative Declaration has been prepared for this project. As noticed in The Orange County Register, the public review period for the Negative Declaration for the Draft Climate Action Plan was from October 21, 2015 through November 20, 2015. It was also available for public viewing on the City website, at the Main Library and the Planning and Building Agency public counter. The written comments that were received regarding the Negative Declaration that were received from the Orange County Transportation Agency and CalTrans were not substantive in nature and have been addressed. Any new programs as identified in the Climate Action Plan will be subject to project - specific CEQA review to evaluate potential environmental impact. The adoption of the Climate Action Plan policies and programs would have a less than significant environmental impact, and no mitigation measures are deemed necessary. Section 3. The City Council hereby approves and adopts the Climate Action Plan and the associated Negative Declaration. Section 4. This resolution shall take effect immediately upon its adoption by the City Council and the Clerk of the Council shall attest to and certify the vote adopting this Resolution. ADOPTED this day of December 2015. APPROVED AS TO FORM: Sonia R. Carvalho, City Attorney By: � c Lisa Storck Assistant City Attorney Miguel A. Pulido Mayor 75B -154 Resolution No, 2015 -XXX Page 2 of 3 AYES: Councilmembers NOES: Councilmembers ABSTAIN: Councilmembers NOT PRESENT: Councilmembers CERTIFICATE OF ATTESTATION AND ORIGINALITY I, MARIA D. HUIZAR, Clerk of the Council, do hereby attest to and certify that the attached Resolution No. 2015- to be the original resolution adopted by the City Council of the City of Santa Ana on , 2015, and that said resolution was published in accordance with the Charter of the City of Santa Ana. Date: Clerk of the Council City of Santa Ana 75B -155 Resolution No. 2015 -XXX Page 3 of 3 75B -156