HomeMy WebLinkAboutCORRESPONDENCE - 75C1.
March 15, 2016
City Council Meeting
Correspondence
75C - PUBLIC HEARING - RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING CONDEMNATION OF REAL
PROPERTY AT 1607 NORTH BRISTOL STREET
Date of Sendet/Representative Agency
Corresu.
3/15/2016 Kevin A. Day
I;IAgendasl2010AgendaslExhibits201A-Cuaent Meeting12016-0&15 Exhibits_ Cavespondence_]5C.doc
Alvarado Smith- Professional Corp.
1 MacArthur Place
Suite 200
Santa Ana, California 92707
Phone: 714.852.6800
Fax: 714.852.6899
www.AlvaradoSmith.com
Kevin A, Day
(714) 852-6800
kday@AlvaradoSmilh.com
VIA HAND DELIVERY
&VARADOSMITH
A PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION
INCLUDING PROFESSIONAL CORPORATIONS
March 15, 2016
Jose Sandoval Maria D. Huizar
Chief Assistant City Attorney City Clerk
City of Santa Ana City of Santa Ana
20 Civic Center Plaza, M-29 20 Civic Center Plaza,
Santa Ana, CA 92701 Santa Ana, CA 92701
Re: Bristol Street Improvements Project — Jeronimo Chavez
1415 N. Bristol, Santa Ana, CA 92706 — APN: 405-252-22
ITEM 75-C On The City Council Agenda
Dear City of Santa Ana:
Los Angeles
213.229.2400
San Francisco
415.624.8665
Raymond G. Alvarado,
1936-2014
This letter is intended as written challenge to the City of Santa Ana's potential adoption
of a Resolution of Necessity to condemn Mr. Chavez's property located at 1415 N. Bristol, Santa
Ana ("Subject Property") as a component of the Bristol Street Improvements Project ("Project").
The City's stated intent to use the power of eminent domain to acquire the Subject
Property for the Project was clearly announced via letter from the City on October 1, 2013. The
letter followed multiple pronouncements from the City regarding the acquisition of the Subject
Property, to include clear statements that designated the property for a complete acquisition even
before the scope of the Project was modified to demonstrate any public need or necessity for
more than the 12 feet of right of way slated for actual use in the Project. This October 2013
letter included an offer to acquire the Subject Property at a claimed appraised value that was
below market value at the time. Additionally, while the City offered to acquire Mr. Chavez's
real property interests in October 2013, it did not provide any notice of eligibility for relocation
of his operating business.
As the City's October 2013, June 2014 and November 2015 offer letters sought to acquire
the entirety of the Subject Property, Mr. Chavez would obviously be forced to relocate his
business, and would qualify as a displaced person per Government Code §§ 7260 and 7262. As
specifically set forth in Government Code §7262(a):
"Whenever a program or project to be undertaken by a public
entity will result in the displacement of any person, the displaced
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March 15, 2016
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person is entitled to payment for actual moving and related
expenses as the public entity determines to be reasonable and
necessary..."
The definition of displaced person is found in Government Code §7260(c)(1):
"'Displaced person' means both of the following:
(A) Any person who moves from real property, or who moves his
or her personal property from real property, either:
(i) As a direct result of a written notice of intent to acquire, or the acquisition of,
the real property, in whole or in part, for a program or project undertaken by a public entity or by
any person having an agreement with, or acting on behalf of, a public entity.
Mr. Chavez clearly qualified as a displaced person, and was entitled to relocation
assistance and a notice of eligibility for the same. However, such a notice was not forthcoming.
The October 2013 letter was not accepted by Mr. Chavez, and the specter of the Project remained
as a cloud on title for the Subject Property since that time.
Since 2013, Mr. Chavez has worked to develop information from the City's own files to
demonstrate the flawed nature of this Project. The City's own actions have further clarified the
flaws in the Project, yet the Staff Report and Proposed Resolution of Necessity neither fix the
flaws or even address the issues.
A public entity's right to exercise the power of eminent domain is restricted by two
constitutional mandates: (1) the public entity's right to take the property at issue; and (2) the
amount of just compensation to be awarded to the property owner for the taking. Cal. Const.
Art. I, § 19; City of Anaheim v. Michel (1968) 259 Cal.App.2d 835, 837. Here, the first
component is being challenged.
The fundamental prerequisite to the exercise of eminent domain is that a public entity
must hold a public hearing and adopt a proper resolution of necessity. Code of Civil Procedure
§§ 1240.030; 1245.220; 1245.230(b). The resolution of necessity must establish the three
requirements of § 1240.030:
(a) The public interest and necessity require the project;
(b) The project is planned or located in the manner that will be
most compatible with the greatest public good and the least
private injury; and
(c) The property sought to be acquired is necessary for the project.
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A properly adopted RON is clothed with a presumption of finality, meaning that the three
required findings above are deemed to have been made by the public entity's enabling body
during the public hearing. § 1245.250. However, a RON does not have the conclusive effect
contemplated by §1245.250 if its adoption or contents were affected by a "gross abuse of
discretion." §1245.255(b); Redevelopment Agency v. Norm's Slauson (1985) 173 Ca1.App.3d
1121, 1127. As noted in that case at page 1126:
"Implicit in this requirement of a hearing and the adoption of a
resolution of necessity is the concept that, in arriving at its decision
to take, the Agency engage in a good faith and judicious
consideration of the pros and cons of the issue and that the decision
to take be buttressed by substantial evidence of the existence of the
three basic requirements set forth in Code of Civil Procedure,
section 1240.030." [emphasis added.]
Accordingly, a resolution of necessity not supported by "substantial evidence" is affected
by a gross abuse of discretion, and is invalid. Id. "Substantial evidence" before a public body is
"not synonymous with `any' evidence." Bowers v. Bernards (1984) 150 Ca1.App.3d 870, 873.
Evidence that is not credible or not relevant does not constitute substantial evidence. Gentry v.
City of Murrieta (1995). 36 Cal.AppAth 1359, 1400. Thus, a public body must be presented with
credible evidence on each of the three necessity prerequisites in § 1240.030 to support the
adoption of a proper resolution of necessity.
The Resolution Of Necessity Is Flawed, Does Not Allow The Necessary Finding Of
Necessity Per Code of Civil Procedure &1240.030(a -c) And The Project Is A Pretext
For An Illegal Redevelopment Project
The City's Staff Report lacks any evidence to support the three necessity prerequisites,
much less any credible evidence. The reasoning is simple — the road widening project is a
pretext for the City to acquire these parcels, strip them of their operating businesses and
improvements and then sell off the "remnants" to private developers to redevelop the area. The
City's problem is that redevelopment was eliminated in Assembly Bill 26 in 2012.
By way of background, the Project is masquerading as a street widening endeavor
currently, but in its earlier phases was expressly based upon a 1989 redevelopment plan —the
Bristol Corridor Redevelopment Plan, adopted on December 4, 1989 ("Redevelopment Plan").
The Redevelopment Plan declared the area surrounding the Subject Property as "blighted",
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which then allowed the City to create the Project, which, as noted in the City's materials' "is the
only specific project proposed by the Redevelopment Plan". The City's Environmental Impact
Report for this Project (in both past and current phases) was expressly based upon the
Redevelopment Plan.
To create the foundation for the prior "blight" finding that is still the basis for the Project,
the City's baseline documents note that businesses like the Subject Property are "older" uses that
are disjointed and unappealing in character, with little resources to invest as a "local" business
serving Hispanic customers who primarily walk to purchase goods and services. The City's
documents further note that the Redevelopment Plan and Project will remove older business to
attract new private sector development to the area. The stated goal of the Project is to acquire .
the remnant parcels from the Subject Property and its neighbors to put new zoning in place to
encourage private development. This goal is explicitly illegal, but nonetheless, the City has put
forward the Resolution of Necessity for the Subject Property to accomplish the redevelopment
goals that spur this Project onward.
Therefore, the basis for the Resolution of Necessity is flawed, and the specific necessity
findings that must be made in order to adopt the Resolution are entirely lacking.
First, the public interest and necessity do not require the Project. Code of Civil
Procedure §1240.030(a) The Project is an illegal redevelopment Project, and because the City is
acquiring more than the property necessary for the road widening, the Project is not a valid
public purpose, and the public interest and necessity do not require it; instead, the economic
motivations of the City are driving the acquisition of private property not for a public purpose,
but rather to benefit private development, an illegal end. Redevelopment Agency v. Norm's
Slauson (1985) 173 Ca1.App, 3d 1121; Santa Cruz Redevelopment Agency v. Izant (1995) 37
Cal.App.4`" 141; City gfStockton v. Marina Towers, LLC (2009) 171 Cal.App.4" 93; San
Bernardino County Flood Control v. Grabowski (1988) 205 Cal.App.3d 885
Second, the project is not planned or located in the manner that will be most compatible
with the greatest public good and the least private injury. Code of Civil Procedure §1240,030(b),
The City's RON lacks any discussion of this element, rendering any potential finding of
necessity capricious, lacking evidentiary support and a gross abuse of discretion. The City cannot
show that the injury to the Subject Property (from a full take) was considered in any way.
The consideration in assessing the injury to the owner of the Subject Property is the very
discretion and weighing of facts and evidence that is discussed in. Norm's Slauson, supra, at
1127. The public body must acknowledge the impact on the property owner from the Project,
' This quotation is taken from the City's Bristol Street Corridor Specific Plan Amendment, which was publicly
circulated and on the brink of being considered at a public hearing of the City's Planning Commission until
challenged by my firm on behalf of the Bristol Street Coalition.
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March 15, 2016
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and not just the public benefit. In reality, this consideration is the only stopgap measure
protecting the constitutional rights of the property owner because the weight of the purported
public good from a project will always seem to be of more import to a greater group of people
than the injury to a single property owner. However, the check on the exercise of the power of
eminent domain is the consideration of the private injury. In the seminal right to take cases,
Norm's Slauson, Dusek and Izant, the focus has always been on the impact of the public entity's
project (or the adoption of a RON) on a single property. This is lacking here, stripping any
necessity.
Third, and the most obvious failing in the Resolution of Necessity and staff report, is the
lack of any description of the amount of property the City actually needs for the road widening.
As a result, the City cannot show that the entirety of the Subject Property is "necessary for the
project". Code of Civil Procedure § 1240.030(c). Based upon the environmental documents,
Project plans and the completed portions of the earlier phases, the City likely needs
approximately 12 feet in width along the frontage of the Subject Property to widen the road.
Accordingly, the amount of property potentially "necessary" is this small strip of the frontage.
However, the City wants to acquire the entire parcel, an additional 120 feet of depth. Obviously,
the City is using the small frontage strip as an anchor to acquire the entire parcel to accomplish
its redevelopment goals. However, not only does it lack a public purpose to acquire the entire
parcel, the City failed to even follow the statutory scheme in its attempt to do so.
The portion outside of the road widening project area is known as a "remnant" parcel,
and is more accurately described as "excess condemnation". Code of Civil Procedure §§
1240.150; 1240.140-1240.430. However, like all condemnation, the authority to condemn
excess property or remnants is limited by the constitutional requirement of a valid, public use. Id.
Moreover, a resolution of necessity seeking to acquire a remnant must cite to Code of Civil
Procedure § 1240.410. The City's Resolution of Necessity does not.
Accordingly, the City cannot show that the entire parcel is necessary for the Project, and
even if such an attempt had been made, the City did not invoke the statutory power to condemn
the remnant portion of the parcel. Thus, the City's Resolution of Necessity does not comply with
Code of Civil Procedure § 1240.030(c).
In summation, the Resolution of Necessity and staff report lack the materials, specific
facts and other information necessary to make any showing of necessity. The Resolution is
flawed as a result, and its adoption could only be the result of an arbitrary, capricious or grossly
abusive exercise of discretion.
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The Citv Failed To Conduct The Requisite Environmental Analysis
Another failed perquisite to the exercise of the power of eminent domain here is the
completion of environmental analysis as required by the California Environmental Quality Act
("CEQA"). City of San Jose v. Great Oaks Water Co. (1987) 192 Cal.App.3d 1005. Here, the
City's Resolution claims that the CEQA analysis of the Project was completed in 1989, with the
addition of "subsequent addenda". This statement is false. The Project has significantly changed
in the vicinity of the Subject Property since the 1989 EIR, which again was based upon
redevelopment. Moreover, the City circulated and was on the precipice of adopting an
Addendum to the Final Bristol Street Corridor Specific Plan EIR in 2014 and 2015. This
addendum dealt explicitly with the Project and its environmental impact, yet contained lengthy
recitations to the blight findings and redevelopment components of the Project's earlier phases.
When we were forced to challenge this Addendum before the City's Planning Commission, the
Addendum was suddenly withdrawn. However, the very preparation and circulation of the
Addendum in 2014 and 2015 demonstrated that the environmental impact of the Project was still
underway and incomplete at that time. The Project's environmental review was never finished
as a result, yet the City is now trying to adopt this Resolution.
As a result, the City's Resolution of Necessity lacks the CEQA review, analysis and
mitigation measures to be adopted, and any attempt to do so is further evidence of the gross
abuse of discretion posed by the promulgation of the RON for the Subject Property. Great Oaks,
supra; Burbank -Glendale Pasadena Airport Authority v. Hensler (1991) 233 Cal.App.3d 577.
The City's Offer Is Lacking And Does Not Comply With Government Code §7267.2
The City's offer is far below the statutorily mandated "just compensation" for the Subject
Property. The Subject Property has frontage on Bristol Street, a busy arterial corridor (with a
recent traffic count of 41,200 cars per average day). The Subject Property's location is key as it
boasts a stable demographic profile, little to no development area available and good access.
Locations similar to the Subject Property vie for limited product in such location, and as such
represent a value "premium" paid by niche participants for well -located buildings.
The City's offer for the Subject Property was based upon an appraisal and offer letter
from November 2015, more than four months old at this point and hardly reflective of the current
real estate market. More importantly, the sales used in the underlying appraisal date from 2014
and mid -2015, with the majority outside of the Santa Ana market. Thus, the offer is based upon
a flawed evaluation consisting of non -comparable properties violative of Evidence Code §816.
In conclusion, the prudent course of action here is to not adopt the Resolution of
Necessity for the Subject Property. The 'Resolution of Necessity lacks the required findings of
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March 15, 2016
Page 7
necessity, as do the supporting materials. The Project is a pretextual taking based upon an
outdated and illegal purpose, and should not even be considered as a valid public use.
Very truly yours,
ALVARADOSMITH
A Professional Corp(
A. Day
KAD:ck I/
CC: City of Santa Ana City Council Members (7 copies)
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