HomeMy WebLinkAboutBudget and Financial Policies_rev June 2017City of Santa Ana
Council Policy
L Mayor's Authorization
Subject
Council Approval Date:
BUDGET AND FINANCIAL POLICIES
June 6, 2017
Background
The severity of the recent economic recession highlighted the need to establish and nnolnteln adequate reserve
policies to offset significant economic downturns and unforeseen rising costs more effectively. In 2002, The
Government Finance Officers' Association (GFOA) recommended reserve levels equal to, a minimum of 5% to 15%
of operating revenues or one to two months of operating expenditures as a basis to establish sound reserve
levels. Adoption of formal City Budget and Reserve PoNcyvvO( provide a basis to manage significant financial
events more effectively inthe future.
PURPOSE
The City's reserve policy will define the recommended level for reserves for the General Fund as well as internal
and enterprise operations. The policy will outline atimeframe and plan that will assist the City in meeting the
minimum General Fund requirements over the course of the next few years. it will also establish criteria for the
use of reserves and establish a process bywhich to replenish, reserves if used. Itis the intent to focus on the
General Fund initially and incorporate additional reserve poHciesfor internal and enterprise funds over the next
fisca|year.
The General Fund is the general operating fund for the City. It accounts for all general revenues including sales
tax, property tax, business tax, hotel visitor's tax, as well as other fees and charges. It is the basis to fund general
ongoing City operations such as police, fire (contract service), recreation, planning and building as well as other
general support services. Furthermore, the fnNouving budget policy directives are recommended to be
continued/implemented inorder tomaintain positive operating reserve levels:
Genens|Fund8m6get9mUcyD|reutk/es
It shall be established that a balanced budget will be presented annually to the City Council for adoption.
A balanced budget will be defined as ongoing recurring operating revenues matching ongoing recurring
operating expenditures including debt service.
- One time ortenn specific funding can only be used to match one-time non-recurring expenditures with
the exception of during a budget deficit, term specific projects and programs, as well as capital
expenditures.
- in order to ensure a balanced budget objective, the City will continue 10 pursue internal operational
Budget & Financial Polices (Rev. 6/2017) Page I
- In order to ensure proper maintenance of a continued balanced budget the City Council will adopt e
compensation and retirement benefit directive that provides guidance and conforms with the established
budget directives and reserve requirements asoutlined in this policy.
One -Time Monies
Fund Balance determined to be one-time in nature, indud�ng but not limited to: ending operating balance,
una||ocatedfundba|anuaorum-appropriated°Assigned"fundba|anceishereino|assifiedas°Qne'Trnennonies".
Utilization of one-time monies is allowable upon two-thirds approval by the City Council to be utilized in the event
a structural budget deficit exists. Use of one-time funds is allowable for one-year and may be eligible for two
consecutive years upon further consideration bythe City Council.
Unassigned Fund Balance
In accordance with Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) 54 and continuing to ensure a continued
orderly operation ofCity Government a,ndaddress any unforeseen economic occurrences, the City shall establish
the following Reserve Accounts within the Unassigned Fund, Balance category:
w Operating Reserve
• Economic Uncertainty Reserve
w Uma||ocatedAmount
As a result of the GASB 54, the following fund balance categories were also created- Non -Spendable; Restricted;
Committed; Assigned and Unassigned.
Operating Reserve Account
As a olea�suna ofprudent fiscal health and recommendations made byGF0A, the City created an Operating
Reserve Account, disclosing a range where two months (approximately 15.57%) up to twenty percent (2096) of
recurring General Fund (011) operating revenues or expenditures (including transfers) are maintained. At no time
is it perrmissib|efor the Operating Reserve requirement tofall below the above -referenced threshold range.
Such Operating Reserves shall not be used to fund any form of operating expenditures or to cover any budgetary
shortfall other than tnpreserve ongoing cash flow needs for the City. Ifatany point intime itisdeemed that the
City budget is perfomming at a budgetary structural deficit and a "Fiscal Emergency" is declared, the use of the
above -referenced Operating Reserve account is permissible for up to two consecutive fiscal years upon approval
by two thirds of the City Council. The utilization of the Operating Reserve in Year Two (2) reqWres u plan to
replenish the funds utilized.
Asamatter of prudence and fiscal solvency and inthe event of a projected and/or realized structural deficit
(budget bass),the City will utilize Economic Uncertainty (see below for account description) account funds prior
to accessing the Operating Reserve account.
Economic Uncertainty Acmount
It is hereby established that upon fulfillment ofachieving a minimum Unassigned Reserve Account of 10%, the
City shall consider the establishment of a reserve account for Economic Uncertainty. The reserve for Economic
Uncertainty �s established to offset any major variations in tax receipts as well as fees and charges or unforeseen
cost increases. |tishereby established the City maintain mminimum reserve level of1to1U%mfrecurring General
Fund revenues with anobjective ofattaining a,maximum goal of1OY6.
- Upon determination by the Finance Department, that negative variations in projected revenues from the
largest revenue sources defined as Sales tax, Property tax, Property tax in Lieu, Utility Users tax, Business
Tax, and Hote� Visitors tax exceed 296with no corresponding General Fund expenditure offset, then the
Budget & Financial Pokes (Rev. 6/2017) Page 2
City Council may authorize use of the Economic Uncertainty Reserve by a two-thirds vote to offset the
revenue loss prior to the close of the fiscal year end. 4 corresponding plan to replenish the reserve
account must be adopted by the same vote.
Upon determination by the Finance Department and report submission to the City Council that a
structural deficit exists in the budgeted forecast of the upcoming fiscal year, the City Council may
authorize use of the Economic Uncertainty Reserve to balance the budget by two thirds vote of the
Council. However, autbor[zatimn to utilize the Economic Uncertainty Reserve beyond two consecutive
years isstrictly prohibited.
General Work Plan for Achieving General Fund Reserve Objectives
The following work plan is intended to reach the unassigned reserve account of 15% in phases. The initial
objective is to attain at least a GY6 threshold over the course of the following fiscal year and between 7% and 8Y6
over the subsequent fiscal year. Upon attainment of the phased objectives, a comprehensive review of the
general financia� condition of the City will be completed and a new reserve work plan vuiU be developed and
submitted for approval that outlines the next intermediate steps for meeting the main, objective of a reserve
target level of 1596. Until such time that the General Fund Unassigned Reserve meets the minimum phased
requirements as outlined above, the following budgetary and operational guidelines shall be used as a basis to
achiev*the various minimum requirements.
- Budget consideration, of new programs, personnel, or capital related expenditures shall only be
considered lfasource offunding isidentified either through acorresponding cost reduction, anidentified
generaY increase in general tax revenue, or a one-time revenue infusion. Source of funding should include
consideration nfongoing general maintenance and operational costs.
' Departments will be encouraged to continually achieve savings through internal organizational
efficiencies.
Technology will be encouraged if it can be demonstrated that a one-time capital infusion can result in
savings be,ing generated beyond two years.
- Any General Fund savings generated at the fiscal year end can be considered either for term specific
operational or capital needs but a minimum of 50% (up to 100%) of the savings shall be deposited into the
unassigned reserve balance until such time that the phased reserve levels are met.
- Any internal service fund that hos funds in excess of the identified minimum reserve requirement as
outlined in this policy, can be utilized as a means to meet the minimum General Fund Reserve
requirements. Only unrestricted funds deenned1ransferab�Ae can be utilized, Any transfer tothe General
Fund Unassigned Reserve Balance will be submitted to Council for consideration and approval.
ln order bogenerate additional savings and until such time that the minimum level of reserves has been
achieved, the Budget Office will only utilize a fiscally conservative profile for revenue projections.
' if the phased reserve target requirements asoutlined above have not been met itisrecommended that
beginning in FY 14-15 a more conservative projection factor be used to generate forced budgetary
savings:
(NOTE: Each 1% equates to approximately $ 2m0Dom
FY 12-13: 1OOY6ofrecurr[ngrevenue projected;
Budget & Financial Polices (Rev.6/2O17) Page
FY 13-14: 100 % of recurring revenue projected;
FY 14-15: 99 % of recurring revenue projected;
Such factors shall be used to generate General Fund savings until such time that a 7%-8% unassigned
General Fund reserve has been achieved.
Any generated General Fund savings achieved after reaching between a 7%-8% undesignated General
Fund reserve shall be applied in the following order:
Up to a max of 25% -Unassigned General Fund Reserve
Up to a max of 25% -Economic Uncertainty Reserve
Up to a max of 50% -Can be applied to term, specific programs, projects, personnel as well as deferred
capital maintenance.
Budget & Financial Polices (Rev. 6/2017) Page 4
Internal Service Funds
Background
Internal Service Funds are established to administer and, account for va,rious activities whose purpose is to provide
for goods and services to support other departments, for their ongoing operational and programming needs. The
delivery ofthese services isrecovered onacost recovery basis.
Purpose
It is the intent of the Internal Service Fund Reserve Policy to establish general guidelines as to the establishment
of proper recovery rote structure and define an appropriate level of reserves for each internal Service Fund. It
will also establish criteria for the use of reserves and establish a process by which to replenish reserves if utilized.
Although this policy only addresses the Risk Management Funds (i.e. Liability and property Insurance and Workers
Compensation Fund), it is the intent to build upon and include all internal service funds within this policy.
Risk Management
The Risk Management programs are established to protect the City's assets through the administration of a
properly funded liability c(a[m and insurance program and by minimizing the cost and effect of work-related
injuries. Rates for these programs are established onabiennial actuarial basis.
Reserves
Reserves for these accounts will be funded at not less than 80% as defined in the actuarial study. In addit�om,
three months of operational reserves will be included to address any variations related to revenues and
expenditures. Any surplus amounts defined in these accounts from general agencies shall be available for transfer
to the General Fund until such time that the General Fund reserve meets the minimum requirement of1596 or to
establish the reserve for Economic Uncertainty. Transfers shall be submitted toCouncil for approval. There after
any surplus can be used 1ofund any deficits identified in other Internal Service Fund reserves, as well as other
unfunded capit�a\and deferred related maintenance.
Budget & Financial PoHces (Rev, 6/2017) Page S