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ANNINk <br />QPCIty of Santa Ana <br />• Feasibility studies and remedial alternative evaluation, <br />• Corrective action plans and risk based corrective action plans. <br />• Remedial design plans and specifications. <br />• Construction cost estimating. <br />• Construction management, <br />• Community relations, <br />Phase 11 site Investigations are conducted to verify the presence of constituents of concern and, <br />as applicable, to define the concentration and spatial extent of these substances. Phase 11 site <br />Investigations may be conducted based on findings from a Phase I ESA, in response to <br />regulatory agency concern, because there is some indication contaminants are present, or as <br />follow up to previous phases of site investigation findings. <br />Investigation techniques may include hand augers; direct-push, hollow-stem auger, air rotary, <br />and/or sonic drilling methods; or exploratory excavations such as trenches and potholes. Soil <br />and soil vapor samples may be analyzed using on-site mobile laboratories or off-site fixed-based <br />certified laboratories. Groundwater samples may be collected using grab, traditional, and low <br />flow sampling techniques. Expedited analysis may be used when appropriate. Phase lI site <br />Investigations are completed according to generally-accepted regulatory guidance and in <br />accordance with permits. <br />A phased approach is often used in Phase II site Investigations, wherein a limited number of <br />samples is collected from suspect areas to assess the potential for contamination as established <br />by the conceptual model and data quality objectives. If analytical results for this "first phase" of <br />samples indicate that contamination is present, a more comprehensive sampling effort may be <br />recommended to more fully delineate the extent of the impacted area and affected media (soil, <br />soil vapor, and/or groundwater). Once the release has been properly characterized, the data are <br />used to evaluate remedial alternatives and estimate site cleanup costs. These subsequent phases <br />may or may not be conducted with regulatory agency oversight. SCS consults with clients and <br />their legal counsel to determine when regulatory agency involvement is recommended. <br />Other factors that are key to developing an investigation approach include area access; overhead <br />clearance; locations of utilities or other possible subsurface obstructions; traffic control; and <br />health and safety considerations, including establishment of work and exclusion zones. <br />At the end of a Phase 11 site Investigation, a report is submitted, outlining the procedures used <br />during the field investigation and the type and extent of contamination encountered. The site <br />investigation report includes background that discusses site characteristics and rationale for <br />sampling approach, review of field activities, boring or sample logs, a description of sampling <br />protocols, analytical results, and conclusions regarding the extent of contamination, if any, <br />detected by the investigation. Supporting documentation-such as figures, tables, cross-sections, <br />19 <br />25C-126