040405 Jt PH Cond Use, Develpo Agmt, Zoning, etc.-Geneva Commons Proj 200 E. First American Way

Home Browse Search

(ii) The approach threshold for that runway, or approach lights or other markings identifiable with the approach end of the runway, are clearly visible to the pilot. Precision approaches are categorized based on decision DA/DH and the horizontal visibility that pilot has along the runway. Visibility is expressed in statute miles or in terms of runway visual range (RVR) values, stated in feet, when RVR equipment is installed on a runway. A Category I (CAT 1) ILS is capable of providing an approach to a decision height as low as 200 feet above the threshold and a standard visibility not less than one -half statute mile or a RVR of not less than 1800 feet. 1.3.2 Non - Precision Approach Procedures Non - precision approaches are categorized as straight -in or circling. Straight -in approaches are based on course guidance that is generally aligned with the centerline of the runway. Additionally, the descent gradient from the minimum altitude to the runway must still be within set limits. Circling approaches are generally designed when the instrument approach is not aligned with the runway or when maximum descent gradients are exceeded. As such, straight -in approaches usually permit descent to a lower altitude than circling approaches. A circling approach is a maneuver initiated by the pilot to align the aircraft with a runway for landing when a straight -in landing from an instrument is not possible or is not desirable. Circling minimums are a statement of MDA and visibility required for the circle -to -land maneuver. Descent below the established MDA or DH is not authorized during an approach unless the aircraft is in a position from which a normal approach to the runway of intended landing can be made and adequate visual reference to required visual cues is maintained. 1.3.3 Departure Procedures Standard instrument takeoff minimums and departure procedures are prescribed in FAR Part 91.175. Obstacle clearance is based on the aircraft climbing at least 200 feet per nautical mile, crossing the end of the runway at least 35 feet AGL, and climbing to 400 feet above airport elevation before turning unless otherwise specified in the procedure. A published IFR departure procedure is required whenever obstacles in the departure area preclude an aircraft from climbing out at a standard rate climb gradient of 200 feet per nautical mile and proceeding in any direction after take -off, (diverse departure). Departure procedures are designed to assist pilots in conducting IFR flight while safely avoiding obstacles during climb out to a Minimum Enroute Altitude (MEA). IFR departure procedures specify minimum climb rates and routes to avoid obstacles. The analysis of departure procedures is based on standards contained in FAA Order 8260.313. The TERPS IFR departure criteria are predicated on normal aircraft operations, i.e., all- engines running.