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coastal building material made by
<br />mixing equal parts of oyster shell,
<br />lime, and water. The sugarhouse was
<br />a rectangular building with three
<br />large rooms, two porches, and several
<br />door and window openings. The
<br />west room was the milling room; the
<br />middle room was the boiling room;
<br />and the east room was the curing
<br />room. The tabby -paved area north of
<br />the milling room was probably an .
<br />unloading area. In 1934, archeologist
<br />James Ford visited the site and
<br />concluded that it was not the remains
<br />of the Spanish Mission Santa Maria
<br />(as it had been previously identified),
<br />but the remains of a sugarhouse.
<br />Although Ford may have conducted
<br />some excavation at the site, no such
<br />excavations were reported. In 1981
<br />the University of Florida's Depart-
<br />ment of Anthropology investigated
<br />the site to define the nature, condi-
<br />tion, distribution, and significance of
<br />the archeological resources at the site.
<br />Archeological investigations focused
<br />on the sugarhouse ruins and immedi-
<br />ate area of the site. The site is signifi-
<br />cant for its association with the 19th
<br />century sugar manufacturing industry
<br />and for its research potential. The
<br />National Register boundaries are
<br />based on the extent of above - ground
<br />and below - ground resources. Verbal
<br />boundary description: The boundary
<br />includes the sugarhouse, two depres-
<br />sions, and the property surrounding
<br />them. The property is marked on the
<br />enclosed sketch map. It consists of
<br />one acre of land centered on the
<br />sugarhouse. Boundary justification:
<br />The one acre is inclusive of the
<br />sugarhouse and contiguous areas of
<br />activity identified by reported archeo-
<br />logical investigations. At such time in
<br />the future if the locations of associ-
<br />ated buildings and /or areas of
<br />activity are identified, an appropriate
<br />boundary expansion will be pro-
<br />posed.
<br />Contiguous Archeological Districts
<br />Sinarboles Archeological District,
<br />Southwest [location restricted],
<br />located on a broad lava flow at an
<br />elevation of ca. 6,000 feet, includes 39
<br />prehistoric sites occupied between
<br />A.D. 800 and A.D. 1300. The sites
<br />were exposed as a result of a juniper-
<br />eradication project. The surface was
<br />disturbed, but subsurface resources
<br />retain integrity, although several sites
<br />have been looted in the past. Archeo-
<br />logical investigations during the late
<br />John Houstoun McIntosh Sugarhouse, Camden County, Georgia. The tabby watt
<br />ruins of the sugarhouse, facing west. (James R. Lockhart)
<br />1930s addressed several sites. In the
<br />late 1980s, an intensive archeological
<br />survey of the district was conducted
<br />to define the boundaries of the
<br />prehistoric community. Factors
<br />considered in defining the boundaries
<br />included topography, community
<br />organization, and the known archeo-
<br />logical resources. Survey indicated
<br />that site density decreased rapidly
<br />north and east of the edge of the lava
<br />flow; therefore, the north and east
<br />boundaries follow the edge of the
<br />flow. West and south boundaries
<br />define the limits of the inferred
<br />community based on survey data; site
<br />density decreases beyond this limit.
<br />The district represents the archeologi-
<br />cal expression of the prehistoric
<br />community. The sites represent a
<br />wide variety of types, including
<br />artifact scatters, specialized activity
<br />areas, and large sites with structures,
<br />representing several stages of commu-
<br />nity development. Verbal boundary
<br />description: The Sinarboles Archeo-
<br />logical District is a 4,000 -by -5,125 -foot
<br />rectangle defined by the edge of a
<br />remnant lava flow on the north and
<br />east side with straight lines drawn to
<br />the south and west boundaries.
<br />Boundary justification: The district
<br />is defined by site density and cluster-
<br />ing as well as topographic features on
<br />the north and east side.
<br />Harbor Island Historic and
<br />Archeological District, New England
<br />[location restricted], is composed of
<br />an entire island of about 45 acres
<br />located in the harbor of a New England
<br />city. The island is half a mile long and
<br />irregular in shape. The district in-
<br />cludes 22 contributing archeological
<br />sites, structures, and buildings repre-
<br />senting an extensive period of human
<br />occupation, beginning in the Middle
<br />Archaic 8,000 years ago and continuing
<br />today. Activities associated with that
<br />human occupation are related to a
<br />number of important themes in North
<br />American, State, and local prehistory
<br />and history, particularly the exploita-
<br />tion of the marine ecology, the develop-
<br />ment of a historic maritime economy,
<br />and the changing cultural uses as-
<br />signed to coastal areas. Contributing
<br />historical archeological sites, structures,
<br />and buildings are associated with the
<br />Coast Guard, a school, and historic
<br />residences. Noncontributing resources
<br />include modern roads, recreational
<br />structures, and residences. These
<br />intrusions have had little impact on the
<br />island's archeological and historic
<br />integrity. Tax parcel boundaries define
<br />the National Register district. Verbal
<br />boundary description: The Harbor
<br />Island Historic and Archeological
<br />District boundaries are indicated on the
<br />attached Assessors Maps. Boundaries
<br />correspond to the island's shoreline,
<br />indicated on the assessors maps as a
<br />dotted line. Boundary justification:
<br />The nominated boundaries include all
<br />the land historically and currently
<br />known as Harbor Island; an island of
<br />about 45 acres.
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